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Alblooshi NA, Naseer TK, Bijle MN. Caries preventive potential of professionally deliverable fluoride-containing agents with incorporated arginine: A scoping review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:154-162. [PMID: 38828462 PMCID: PMC11141041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The scoping review objectives were to: 1) investigate the caries preventive potential of professionally deliverable fluoride (F)-containing agents with incorporated arginine (Arg); and 2) identify the future scope of research on Arg-F interventions for caries prevention. Of 150 identified records, 7 articles (6 in vitro investigations and 1 scoping review) were included for a complete review; with no clinical studies with/without appraisal. Arginine variants (L-Arg/Arg.HCl at 1% to 10% w/v.) were examined for a potential professional application aimed at caries prevention, as reported with in vitro studies. Of the included articles, four in vitro studies explored L-Arg enriched 5% NaF varnish (Duraphat®) as a promising caries preventive agent, while only one considered incorporating L-Arg in MI varnish®/nanohydroxyapatite and one investigated glass ionomer cement for primary/secondary and tertiary caries prevention. The scoping review highlighted the scope for incorporating Arg to professionally deliverable F-containing agents. No clinical data are available to make conclusive recommendations about the caries preventive potential of professionally deliverable F-containing agents with incorporated Arg. With Arg-F varnish being investigated predominantly through in vitro studies, the data so far suggest that Arg was incorporated exclusively in Duraphat®, while the potential of Arg to prevent caries in other F-containing varnishes remains unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Ali Alblooshi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tiba Kahtan Naseer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bijle MN, Naseer TK, Yiu C. Physical properties and enamel remineralization potential of arginine-fluoride varnishes. J Dent 2024; 148:104965. [PMID: 38548164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study objectives were to examine the physical properties and enamel remineralization potential of fluoride (F) varnishes incorporated with arginine (Arg). METHODS Four commercial F varnishes: 1) Duraphat®; 2) Flúor Protector®, 3) Fluor Protector S®, and 4) Fluorimax™ were supplemented with 2% w/v. Arg. The control/experimental varnishes underwent rheometric analysis to assess varnish density (δ), velocity (ν), and associated viscosity, both quantitatively (ν/δ) and qualitatively based on determined mass, volume, distance flow, and time under experimentation. The varnish wet/dry weights (at 2 h) were also analysed. Further, sound enamel specimens (T0) with artificial incipient caries-like lesions (T1) were treated with control/experimental varnishes and subjected to remineralization assay with artificial saliva for 6 h. Thereafter (T2), the specimens were characterized to estimate precipitated Ca and net enamel F uptake. Additionally, mineral density (MD) was assessed using micro-CT at T0, T1, and T2 to derive mineral gain (MG) and % remineralization for the treatment groups. RESULTS When Arg is incorporated, the physical properties of the F-containing varnishes undergo a significant transformation, resulting in higher density, varnish weight, dry varnish weight, and viscosity compared to their respective control varnishes (p < 0.05). Incorporating Arg-in Duraphat®, Fluor Protector S®, and Fluorimax™ significantly improved both enamel Ca precipitation and F uptake compared to the respective controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, the enamel F uptake was significantly higher with all the tested varnishes when enriched with Arg (p < 0.05). The combined data for MD, MG, and % remineralization suggests that the remineralization potential of F-varnishes significantly increased when enriched with Arg (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Incorporating Arg in inorganic F varnishes improves their physical properties and enhances the enamel remineralization potential of the varnishes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the possibility of incorporating Arg in distinct F-source varnishes. The synergism between active components (Arg-F) aids in enhanced remineralization and superior varnish physical properties, demonstrating a promising approach for high caries-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- Post-doctoral Fellow in Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Tiba Kahtan Naseer
- Intern/Research Assistant, Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cynthia Yiu
- Clinical Professor in Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Alblooshi NA, Krithikadatta J, Yiu C, Bijle MN. Fluoride release potential of arginine-incorporated fluoride varnishes. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:146-154. [PMID: 38233188 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the fluoride (F) release potential of arginine (Arg)-incorporated F varnishes. Four commercially available F varnishes were included in the study: Duraphat® (5% NaF), Flúor Protector® (0.9% SiH2F2), Fluor Protector S® (NH4F), and Fluorimax™ (2.5% NaF). L-arginine (2% w/v.) was incorporated in these varnishes to estimate F release at 1 h, 4 h, 6 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days using an F-ion selective electrode. The media pH of eluded varnishes was estimated and primary inorganic F extraction was performed. The main effects pH, F release, and computed integrated mean/cumulative F release for experimental groups were significantly higher than the controls (p<0.01). The primary extracted F concentrations for the Arg-containing groups were significantly lower than the control groups (p<0.001) demonstrating a chemical interplay with Arg incorporation. To conclude, irrespective of the inorganic F content, incorporating Arg in F-containing varnishes increases their F release potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Ali Alblooshi
- Paediatric Dentistry, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University
| | | | - Cynthia Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong
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Yip K, Abdalla MM, Bijle MN, Yiu C. Effect of arginine-fluoride varnish on preventing enamel erosion by paediatric liquid medicaments. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:892. [PMID: 37985984 PMCID: PMC10662501 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study objective was to examine the effect of arginine-sodium fluoride (Arg-NaF) varnish on preventing enamel erosion by acidic paediatric liquid medicaments (PLM). METHODS The treatment groups were: 1) 2% Arg-NaF; 2) 4% Arg-NaF; 3) 8% Arg-NaF; 4) NaF; 5) MI (CPP-ACFP) varnishes; and 6) no varnish. The pH of PLM (paracetamol and chlorpheniramine) was measured at baseline and after immersing the Perspex® blocks coated with varnishes at 0 min, 30 min, 1 h, and 4 h. Seventy-two enamel specimens (n = 72) were randomly divided into 2 groups by PLM and further by treatment groups. Then, the specimens were pre-treated with varnishes and subjected to erosive cycles (5 min, 2×/day for 4 days) by PLM. After each erosive challenge, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva. At baseline and after 4 days, the specimens were assessed for surface roughness (Ra) using 2D-surface profilometric analysis (SPA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the Ca/P ratio was determined using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Paired samples dependent t-test, 1-way ANOVA and 2-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyse data with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The pH of PLM with 8% Arg-NaF was significantly higher than the other groups at 30 min and 4 h (p < 0.05). With paracetamol, no significant difference was observed between the baseline and post-erosive cycle measured enamel Ra (by SPA/AFM) and Ca/P ratio for all treatment groups (p > 0.05). The Ra determined by AFM, at the post-erosive cycle with chlorpheniramine, when treated with 4 and 8% Arg-NaF was significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05); except CPP-ACFP (p > 0.05). With the chlorpheniramine post-erosive cycle, the Ca/P ratio for 4, 8% Arg-NaF and CPP-ACFP treated specimens was significantly higher than the baseline Ca/P (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The 4%/8% Arg-NaF and MI varnish® application exhibit an enhanced preventive effect against low pH (pH < 3.0) PLM-mediated enamel erosive challenges compared to 5% NaF varnish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Yip
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
- Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Cynthia Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong.
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Abdalla MM, Bijle MN, Abdallah NMA, Yiu CKY. Enamel remineralization potential and antimicrobial effect of a fluoride varnish containing calcium strontium silicate. J Dent 2023; 138:104731. [PMID: 37777085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate enamel remineralization and antimicrobial effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish containing calcium strontium silicate (CSR). METHODS CSR was synthesized by sol-gel process and incorporated in 5 % NaF varnish at three different concentrations (1 %, 2 %, and 4 % w/v). The treatment/control groups were: 1 % CSR+NaF, 2 % CSR+NaF, 4 % CSR+NaF, NaF, and no treatment. Strontium and fluoride release from the varnishes was evaluated. Sound enamel specimens (n = 6) were demineralized, varnish-treated, and subjected to remineralization cycle. Mineral density of enamel specimens was evaluated using micro-CT. Antimicrobial effect of the varnishes on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus biofilms was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The HGF-1 cytotoxicity of the varnishes was examined using CCK-8 assay. RESULTS Both 2 % and 4 % CSR+NaF varnishes showed significantly higher F release and remineralization potential than NaF varnish (p < 0.05). Dead bacterial proportion of 4 % CSR+NaF varnish was significantly higher than NaF varnish (p < 0.05). The CFUs values of both S. mutans and L. acidophilus were significantly lower in 4 % CSR+NaF group than NaF group (p < 0.05). No significant difference in cell viability was observed among the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Incorporation of 4 % CSR in a NaF varnish significantly enhanced its enamel remineralization and antimicrobial potential with no cytotoxic effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dental caries is a major public health problem globally. The study highlights the great potential of CSR-doped NaF varnish as a novel anti-caries agent with synergistic remineralizing and antimicrobial properties to combat early enamel caries lesions in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China; Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nermeen M A Abdallah
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China.
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Goyal V, Damle S, Puranik MP, Nuvvula S, Kakanur M, Marwah N, Asokan S, Suprabha BS, Sreenivasan P, Wadgave U, Shyam S, Thakur D. Arginine: A New Paradigm in Preventive Oral Care. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:698-706. [PMID: 38162235 PMCID: PMC10753110 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is ubiquitous and one of the most prevalent oral diseases and the foremost cause of dental pain and poor quality of life (QoL). Fluoride is an effective caries preventive agent; however, despite its use, there remain some gaps in prevention of dental caries. Arginine, an amino acid, helps to maintain a noncariogenic plaque. It shows synergistic effects with fluoride in dental caries and can help nourish the tooth by enhancing the remineralization effect of fluoride. Supplementing fluoride dentifrices with arginine can bridge the gap in caries prevention. Several clinical studies with 1.5% arginine + fluoride provide evidence for its use in prevention of dental caries. This report throws light on the benefits of arginine in dental caries and guides on its use with fluoride. Recommendations given in the report will help in effective prevention of dental caries. How to cite this article Goyal V, Damle S, Puranik MP, et al. Arginine: A New Paradigm in Preventive Oral Care. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):698-706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Goyal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Dev Dental College and Research Institute, Sunam, Punjab, India
| | - Satyawan Damle
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, M.M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manjunath P Puranik
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Kakanur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikhil Marwah
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sharath Asokan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baranya S Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Mangaluru, India
| | - Prathima Sreenivasan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kannur Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - Umesh Wadgave
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Wadgave's Dental Home, Bidar, Karnataka, India
| | - S Shyam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dewakshi Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Guru Nanak Dev Dental College and Research Institute, Sunam, Punjab, India
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Bijle MN, Abdalla MM, Chu CH, Yiu CKY. Synbiotic-fluoride synergism on enamel remineralization, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. J Dent 2023; 128:104356. [PMID: 36370897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) The objectives of the present study were to examine the - a) enamel remineralization potential of synbiotic-fluoride (SF) therapy using a multi-species bacterial pH-cycling model; and b) cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of SF therapy extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SF therapy group comprised of 2% arginine (Arg), 0.2% NaF, and a probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LRG). The intervention groups studied were: 1) No treatment; 2) 2% Arg; 3) 0.2% NaF; 4) LRG; 5) 2% Arg+0.2% NaF; 6) 2% Arg+LRG; 7) 0.2% NaF+LRG; and 8) 2% Arg+0.2% NaF+LRG (SF therapy). The enamel remineralization potential of SF therapy was investigated under cariogenic biofilm challenge; while the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of SF therapy extracts were examined on HGF-1 and Chinese hamster fibroblast V79, respectively. To determine the remineralization effect, the specimens were subjected to mineral density (MD) assessment using micro-CT, Ca/P molar ratio with SEM-EDX, and enamel fluoride uptake (EFU) estimates. The HGF-1 proliferation assessment was quantified using MTT/CCK-8 assays with qualitative analysis by nuclei staining Hoechst-based fluorescence imaging. The genotoxicity was determined by micronuclei formation test. RESULTS Mineral gain and %remineralization derived from MD assessment for the SF therapy were significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). The %ΔCa/P for the SF and 2% Arg+0.2% NaF were significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). The SF and 2% Arg+0.2% NaF groups had the highest EFU compared to the other groups (p<0.05). No significant difference in the %viable HGF-1 cells were observed between the treatment interventions and no treatment group (p>0.05). Compared to the EMS-positive control, the micronuclei formation for all the intervention groups was significantly lower (p<0.05), with no significant difference among the treatment groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The SF therapy enhanced enamel remineralization with no biocompatibility concerns. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE With the enhanced enamel remineralization potential discerned in the present study, the SF therapy can be used as a promising caries-preventive agent targeted for high caries-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nadeem Bijle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Biofilm modulatory response of arginine-fluoride varnish on multi-species biofilm. J Dent 2022; 122:104096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Bijle MN, Abdalla MM, Ashraf U, Siu KW, Tsoi J, Yiu CKY. The acid-resistance potential of arginine-fluoride varnish treated enamel. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104763. [PMID: 34781227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The study objective was to examine the acid-resistance potential of enamel carious lesions treated with arginine (Arg)-sodium fluoride (NaF) varnishes using nano-mechanical testing and chemical mapping. L-arginine (at 1%, 2%, & 4%) was incorporated in 5% NaF varnish. The experimental/control groups were: 1% Arg-NaF, 2% Arg-NaF, 4% Arg-NaF, NaF, and no treatment. Enamel specimen blocks were subjected to incipient carious lesion formation. After treatment, the specimens underwent chemical pH-cycling for 8-days and acid challenge for 2 h. The specimens were characterised for surface nano-hardness (SNH) and calcium/phosphate content of the treated lesions to determine enamel solubility reduction (ESR). Post-acid challenge, X-ray diffraction crystallography (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrophotometry (EDX) were performed. The SNH for 2%/4% Arg-NaF demonstrated a higher resistance to acid challenge with significantly higher SNH recovery than NaF varnish (p<0.05). The ESR potential of 2%/4% Arg-NaF varnish was significantly higher than NaF varnish (p<0.05). The XRD crystalline phases demonstrated that 2%/4% Arg-NaF had intense hydroxyapatite peaks discerning its increased potential to resist demineralization than NaF varnish. The EDX results showed that 2%/4% Arg-NaF demonstrated Ca/P ratio closer to hydroxyapatite (~1.67) post-acid challenge. Incorporating 2%/4% L-arginine in a 5% NaF varnish enhances the acid-resistance potential of NaF varnish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Usman Ashraf
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Kai Wing Siu
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - James Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Cagna DR, Donovan TE, McKee JR, Eichmiller F, Metz JE, Albouy JP, Marzola R, Murphy KG, Troeltzsch M. Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:276-359. [PMID: 34489050 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry offers this review of the 2020 professional literature in restorative dentistry to inform busy dentists regarding noteworthy scientific and clinical progress over the past year. Each member of the committee brings discipline-specific expertise to this work to cover this broad topic. Specific subject areas addressed include prosthodontics; periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; implant dentistry; dental materials and therapeutics; occlusion and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs); sleep-related breathing disorders; oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and dental caries and cariology. The authors focused their efforts on reporting information likely to influence day-to-day dental treatment decisions with a keen eye on future trends in the profession. With the tremendous volume of dentistry and related literature being published today, this review cannot possibly be comprehensive. The purpose is to update interested readers and provide important resource material for those interested in pursuing greater detail. It remains our intent to assist colleagues in navigating the extensive volume of important information being published annually. It is our hope that readers find this work useful in successfully managing the dental patients they encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Cagna
- Professor, Associate Dean, Chair and Residency Director, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn.
| | - Terence E Donovan
- Professor, Department of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Frederick Eichmiller
- Vice President and Science Officer, Delta Dental of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, Wis
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Albouy
- Assistant Professor of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Kevin G Murphy
- Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Periodontics, University of Maryland College of Dentistry, Baltimore, Md; Private practice, Baltimore, Md
| | - Matthias Troeltzsch
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Private practice, Ansbach, Germany
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Khan AS. Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Structural and Physical Properties of Resin-Based Dental Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132054. [PMID: 34201660 PMCID: PMC8271844 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of ultrasonic heat before photo-polymerization on the structural and physical properties of dental composites. Commercially available bulk-fill, nano-hybrid, micro-hybrid, and flowable composites were used. The samples were divided into three groups i.e., (i) without ultrasonic activation, (ii) ultrasonic activation at 15 Hz for 30 s, and (iii) ultrasonic activation at 15 Hz for 60 s. The degree of conversion percentage (DC%) and structural changes were evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The presence of voids in restored tooth cavities were investigated with micro-computed tomography. The statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) post hoc Tukey’s test. The DC% was significantly increased with ultrasonic application in all groups except for flowable composites, whereby flowable composite showed a significant increase with 30 s ultrasonic activation only. The highest DC% was observed in 60 s ultrasonically activated nano-hybrid and micro-hybrid composites. The voids were reduced linearly with ultrasonic application in flowable and bulk-fill composites; however, non-linear behavior was observed with micro-hybrid and nano-hybrid composites, whereby the difference was significant within the groups. The frequency and time of the ultrasonic application is an important factor to consider and can be used to preheat composites before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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