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Sarvutiene J, Prentice U, Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Molecular imprinting technology for biomedical applications. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 71:108318. [PMID: 38266935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), a type of biomimetic material, have attracted considerable interest owing to their cost-effectiveness, good physiochemical stability, favourable specificity and selectivity for target analytes, and widely used for various biological applications. It was demonstrated that MIPs with significant selectivity towards protein-based targets could be applied in medicine, diagnostics, proteomics, environmental analysis, sensors, various in vivo and/or in vitro applications, drug delivery systems, etc. This review provides an overview of MIPs dedicated to biomedical applications and insights into perspectives on the application of MIPs in newly emerging areas of biotechnology. Many different protocols applied for the synthesis of MIPs are overviewed in this review. The templates used for molecular imprinting vary from the minor glycosylated glycan-based structures, amino acids, and proteins to whole bacteria, which are also overviewed in this review. Economic, environmental, rapid preparation, stability, and reproducibility have been highlighted as significant advantages of MIPs. Particularly, some specialized MIPs, in addition to molecular recognition properties, can have high catalytic activity, which in some cases could be compared with other bio-catalytic systems. Therefore, such MIPs belong to the class of so-called 'artificial enzymes'. The discussion provided in this manuscript furnishes a comparative analysis of different approaches developed, underlining their relative advantages and disadvantages highlighting trends and possible future directions of MIP technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julija Sarvutiene
- Department of Nanotechnology, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Urte Prentice
- Department of Nanotechnology, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Thongkhao P, Numnuam A, Khongkow P, Sangkhathat S, Phairatana T. Disposable Polyaniline/ m-Phenylenediamine-Based Electrochemical Lactate Biosensor for Early Sepsis Diagnosis. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:473. [PMID: 38399851 PMCID: PMC10892424 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate serves as a crucial biomarker that indicates sepsis assessment in critically ill patients. A rapid, accurate, and portable analytical device for lactate detection is required. This work developed a stepwise polyurethane-polyaniline-m-phenylenediamine via a layer-by-layer based electrochemical biosensor, using a screen-printed gold electrode for lactate determination in blood samples. The developed lactate biosensor was electrochemically fabricated with layers of m-phenylenediamine, polyaniline, a crosslinking of a small amount of lactate oxidase via glutaraldehyde, and polyurethane as an outer membrane. The lactate determination using amperometry revealed the biosensor's performance with a wide linear range of 0.20-5.0 mmol L-1, a sensitivity of 12.17 ± 0.02 µA·mmol-1·L·cm-2, and a detection limit of 7.9 µmol L-1. The developed biosensor exhibited a fast response time of 5 s, high selectivity, excellent long-term storage stability over 10 weeks, and good reproducibility with 3.74% RSD. Additionally, the determination of lactate in human blood plasma using the developed lactate biosensor was examined. The results were in agreement with the enzymatic colorimetric gold standard method (p > 0.05). Our developed biosensor provides efficiency, reliability, and is a great potential tool for advancing lactate point-of-care testing applications in the early diagnosis of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piromya Thongkhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Apon Numnuam
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Pasarat Khongkow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Tonghathai Phairatana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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German N, Popov A, Ramanaviciene A. The Development and Evaluation of Reagentless Glucose Biosensors Using Dendritic Gold Nanostructures as a Promising Sensing Platform. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:727. [PMID: 37504125 PMCID: PMC10377297 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Reagentless electrochemical glucose biosensors were developed and investigated. A graphite rod (GR) electrode modified with electrochemically synthesized dendritic gold nanostructures (DGNs) and redox mediators (Med) such as ferrocenecarboxylic acid (FCA), 1,10-phenathroline-5,6-dione (PD), N,N,N',N'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) or tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) in combination with glucose oxidase (GOx) (GR/DGNs/FCA/GOx, GR/DGNs/PD/GOx, GR/DGNs/TMB/GOx, or GR/DGNs/TTF/GOx) were developed and electrochemically investigated. A biosensor based on threefold-layer-by-layer-deposited PD and GOx (GR/DGNs/(PD/GOx)3) was found to be the most suitable for the determination of glucose. To improve the performance of the developed biosensor, the surface of the GR/DGNs/(PD/GOx)3 electrode was modified with polypyrrole (Ppy) for 5 h. A glucose biosensor based on a GR/DGNs/(PD/GOx)3/Ppy(5 h) electrode was characterized using a wide linear dynamic range of up to 39.0 mmol L-1 of glucose, sensitivity of 3.03 µA mM-1 cm-2, limit of detection of 0.683 mmol L-1, and repeatability of 9.03% for a 29.4 mmol L-1 glucose concentration. The Ppy-based glucose biosensor was characterized by a good storage stability (τ1/2 = 9.0 days). Additionally, the performance of the developed biosensor in blood serum was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija German
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anton Popov
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Kižys K, Zinovičius A, Jakštys B, Bružaitė I, Balčiūnas E, Petrulevičienė M, Ramanavičius A, Morkvėnaitė-Vilkončienė I. Microbial Biofuel Cells: Fundamental Principles, Development and Recent Obstacles. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:221. [PMID: 36831987 PMCID: PMC9954062 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the development of microbial biofuel cells to demonstrate how similar principles apply to the development of bioelectronic devices. The low specificity of microorganism-based amperometric biosensors can be exploited in designing microbial biofuel cells, enabling them to consume a broader range of chemical fuels. Charge transfer efficiency is among the most challenging and critical issues while developing biofuel cells. Nanomaterials and particular redox mediators are exploited to facilitate charge transfer between biomaterials and biofuel cell electrodes. The application of conductive polymers (CPs) can improve the efficiency of biofuel cells while CPs are well-suitable for the immobilization of enzymes, and in some specific circumstances, CPs can facilitate charge transfer. Moreover, biocompatibility is an important issue during the development of implantable biofuel cells. Therefore, biocompatibility-related aspects of conducting polymers with microorganisms are discussed in this review. Ways to modify cell-wall/membrane and to improve charge transfer efficiency and suitability for biofuel cell design are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasparas Kižys
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Antanas Zinovičius
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Mechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Baltramiejus Jakštys
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Bružaitė
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Evaldas Balčiūnas
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Petrulevičienė
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arūnas Ramanavičius
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Morkvėnaitė-Vilkončienė
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Conversion, State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Mechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Wilczewska P, Breczko J, Bobrowska DM, Wysocka-Żołopa M, Goclon J, Basa A, Winkler K. Enhancement of polypyrrole electrochemical performance with graphene quantum dots in polypyrrole nanoparticle/graphene quantum dot composites. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Du Y, Zhang X, Liu P, Yu DG, Ge R. Electrospun nanofiber-based glucose sensors for glucose detection. Front Chem 2022; 10:944428. [PMID: 36034672 PMCID: PMC9403008 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.944428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic, systemic metabolic disease that leads to multiple complications, even death. Meanwhile, the number of people with diabetes worldwide is increasing year by year. Sensors play an important role in the development of biomedical devices. The development of efficient, stable, and inexpensive glucose sensors for the continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels has received widespread attention because they can provide reliable data for diabetes prevention and diagnosis. Electrospun nanofibers are new kinds of functional nanocomposites that show incredible capabilities for high-level biosensing. This article reviews glucose sensors based on electrospun nanofibers. The principles of the glucose sensor, the types of glucose measurement, and the glucose detection methods are briefly discussed. The principle of electrospinning and its applications and advantages in glucose sensors are then introduced. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the applications and advantages of polymers and nanomaterials in electrospun nanofiber-based glucose sensors. The relevant applications and comparisons of enzymatic and non-enzymatic nanofiber-based glucose sensors are discussed in detail. The main advantages and disadvantages of glucose sensors based on electrospun nanofibers are evaluated, and some solutions are proposed. Finally, potential commercial development and improved methods for glucose sensors based on electrospinning nanofibers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Du
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- The Base of Achievement Transformation, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Orthopaedic Basic and Clinical Transformation, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiliang Ge
- Department of Outpatient, the Third Afiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Development of molecularly imprinted polymer based phase boundaries for sensors design (review). Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 305:102693. [PMID: 35609398 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Achievements in polymer chemistry enables to design artificial phase boundaries modified by imprints of selected molecules and some larger structures. These structures seem very useful for the design of new materials suitable for affinity chromatography and sensors. In this review, we are overviewing the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and the applicability of these MIPs in the design of affinity sensors. Such MIP-based layers or particles can be used as analyte-recognizing parts for sensors and in some cases they can replace very expensive compounds (e.g.: antibodies, receptors etc.), which are recognizing analyte. Many different polymers can be used for the formation of MIPs, but conducing polymers shows the most attractive capabilities for molecular-imprinting by various chemical compounds. Therefore, the application of conducting polymers (e.g.: polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and ortho-phenylenediamine) seems very promising. Polypyrrole is one of the most suitable for the development of MIP-based structures with molecular imprints by analytes of various molecular weights. Overoxiation of polypyrrole enables to increase the selectivity of polypyrrole-based MIPs. Methods used for the synthesis of conducting polymer based MIPs are overviewed. Some methods, which are applied for the transduction of analytical signal, are discussed, and challenges and new trends in MIP-technology are foreseen.
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Electroconductive green metal‐polyaniline nanocomposites: synthesis and application in sensors. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Qasim KF, Mousa MA. Effect of Oxidizer on PANI for Producing BaTiO3@PANI Perovskite Composites and Their Electrical and Electrochemical Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) has received significant attention in basic and applied studies because it has electrical and electrochemical properties comparable to conventional semiconductors and metals. PANI's electrical and electrochemical properties can be controlled through its preparation methods. Accordingly, in the present work, two different samples of PANI were prepared by the polymerization of aniline monomer via in situ polymerization method using two different oxidizers of dichromate (PANI (1)) and persulphate (PANI (2)). The products were blended with BaTiO3 (BTO) to form BTO@PANI composites. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM illustrated the covering of PANI layers on the BTO nanoparticles. The electrical and electrochemical properties of the prepared composites were studied. The BTO@PANI(2) composite sample showed a conductivity of 1.2 × 10–3 S/cm higher than that found for each BTO@PANI(1) 9.1 × 10–4 S/cm and its constituents. The supercapacity showed higher capacity values of 70 F/g, and 76 F/g for BTO@PANI(1), and BTO@PANI(2), respectively, which are higher than its constituents.
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Ramanavicius S, Samukaite-Bubniene U, Ratautaite V, Bechelany M, Ramanavicius A. Electrochemical Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based Sensors for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications (Review). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Electrochemically Deposited Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensors. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031282. [PMID: 35162027 PMCID: PMC8838766 DOI: 10.3390/s22031282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This review is dedicated to the development of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and the application of MIPs in sensor design. MIP-based biological recognition parts can replace receptors or antibodies, which are rather expensive. Conducting polymers show unique properties that are applicable in sensor design. Therefore, MIP-based conducting polymers, including polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline and ortho-phenylenediamine are frequently applied in sensor design. Some other materials that can be molecularly imprinted are also overviewed in this review. Among many imprintable materials conducting polymer, polypyrrole is one of the most suitable for molecular imprinting of various targets ranging from small organics up to rather large proteins. Some attention in this review is dedicated to overview methods applied to design MIP-based sensing structures. Some attention is dedicated to the physicochemical methods applied for the transduction of analytical signals. Expected new trends and horizons in the application of MIP-based structures are also discussed.
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Efficient electrochemical detection of hazardous para-nitrophenol based on a carbon paste electrode modified with green synthesized gold/iron oxide nanocomposite. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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El-Kholy AI, Abdel Fadeel D, Nasr M, El-Sherbiny I, Fadel M. (Rose Bengal)/(Eosin Yellow)-Gold-Polypyrrole Hybrids: A Design for Dual Photo-Active Nano-System with Ultra-High Loading Capacity. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:5011-5023. [PMID: 34938068 PMCID: PMC8685768 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s338922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Enhancement of the photodynamic/photothermal efficiency of two water-soluble dyes, rose bengal (RB) and eosin yellow (EY), via conjugation to a polymeric nano-system gold-polypyrrole nanoparticle (AuPpy NPs). Methodology A multi-step synthesis method and an in situ one-pot synthesis method were used. Loading percentage, particle size, zeta potential, morphology, UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry and in vitro photothermal activity were measured. Then, both hybrid nanocomposites were examined for their cytotoxicity and photocytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line as a model for cancer cells. Results Dyes loaded in the traditional multi-step method did not exceed 9% w/w, while in the one-pot synthesis method they reached ~67% w/w and ~75% w/w for EY-AuPpy NPs and RB-AuPpy NPs, respectively. UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry showed that both nano-systems exhibited intense absorption in the NIR region. The mean size of the nanoparticles was ~31.5 nm (RB-AuPpy NPs) and ~33.6 nm (EY-AuPpy NPs) with zeta potential values of −26.5 mV and −33 mV, respectively. TEM imaging revealed the morphology of both hybrids, showing ultra-nano spherical-shaped gold cores in the case of RB-AuPpy NPs, and different shapes of larger gold cores in the case of EY-AuPpy NPs, both embedded in the polymer film. Conjugation to AuPpy was found to significantly reduce the dark cytotoxicity of both RB and EY, preserving the photocytotoxicity of EY and enhancing the photocytotoxicity of RB. Conclusion Gold-polypyrrole nanoparticles represent an effective delivery system to improve the photodynamic and photothermal properties of RB and EY. The in situ one-pot synthesis method provided a means to greatly increase the loading capacity of AuPpy NPs. While both hybrid nanocomposites exhibited greatly diminished dark cytotoxicity, RB-AuPpy NPs showed significantly enhanced photocytotoxicity compared to the free dyes. This pattern enables the safe use of both dyes in high concentrations with sustained action, reducing dose frequency and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah I El-Kholy
- Department of Medical Applications of Laser, Pharmaceutical Nano-Technology Unit, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa Abdel Fadeel
- Department of Medical Applications of Laser, Pharmaceutical Nano-Technology Unit, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim El-Sherbiny
- Nanomaterials Lab, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Fadel
- Department of Medical Applications of Laser, Pharmaceutical Nano-Technology Unit, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Theerthagiri J, Lee SJ, Karuppasamy K, Park J, Yu Y, Kumari MLA, Chandrasekaran S, Kim HS, Choi MY. Fabrication strategies and surface tuning of hierarchical gold nanostructures for electrochemical detection and removal of toxic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126648. [PMID: 34329090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The intensive research on the synthesis and characterization of gold (Au) nanostructures has been extensively documented over the last decades. These investigations allow the researchers to understand the relationships between the intrinsic properties of Au nanostructures such as particle size, shape, morphology, and composition to synthesize the Au nano/hybrid nanostructures with novel physicochemical properties. By tuning the properties above, these nanostructures are extensively employed to detect and remove trace amounts of toxic pollutants from the environment. This review attempts to document the achievements and current progress in Au-based nanostructures, general synthetic and fabrication strategies and their utilization in electrochemical sensing and environmental remediation applications. Additionally, the applications of Au nanostructures (e.g., as adsorbents, sensing platforms, catalysts, and electrodes) and advancements in the field of electrochemical sensing of different target analytes (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, heavy metals, small molecules, and antigens) are summarized. The literature survey concludes the existing methods for the detection of toxic contaminants at various concentration levels. Finally, the existing challenges and future research directions on electrochemical sensing and degradation of toxic contaminants using Au nanostructures are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Theerthagiri
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - K Karuppasamy
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeon Park
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Yiseul Yu
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - M L Aruna Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, M.S. Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Sivaraman Chandrasekaran
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
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Kalambate PK, Noiphung J, Rodthongkum N, Larpant N, Thirabowonkitphithan P, Rojanarata T, Hasan M, Huang Y, Laiwattanapaisal W. Nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Liu D, Wang J, Gao X, Wang X, Wang H, Ren H. Preparation of polyethylene glycol-polyaniline multi-alternating block copolymer. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Spiky Durian-Shaped Au@Ag Nanoparticles in PEDOT:PSS for Improved Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195591. [PMID: 34639989 PMCID: PMC8509674 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects of nanoparticles (NPs) are effective for enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, spiky durian-shaped Au@Ag core-shell NPs were synthesized and embedded in the hole transport layer (HTL) (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)) of PTB7:PC71BM bulk-heterojunction OSCs. Different volume ratios of PEDOT:PSS-to-Au@Ag NPs (8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, and 16%) were prepared to optimize synthesis conditions for increased efficiency. The size properties and surface morphology of the NPs and HTL were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). UV–Vis spectroscopy and current density–voltage (J-V) analysis were used to investigate the electrical performance of the fabricated OSCs. From the results, we observed that the OSC with a volume ratio of 14% (PEDOT:PSS–to–Au@Ag NPs) performed better than others, where the PCE was improved from 2.50% to 4.15%, which is a 66% increase compared to the device without NPs.
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18
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In Situ Electrochemical Production of Metal‐organic Hybrid Composite Film from Nickel Containing Polyoxometalate and 3,4‐Ethylenedioxy‐thiophene for Sensor Application. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Yin P, Liu Y, Xiao L, Zhang C. Advanced Metallic and Polymeric Coatings for Neural Interfacing: Structures, Properties and Tissue Responses. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2834. [PMID: 34451372 PMCID: PMC8401399 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural electrodes are essential for nerve signal recording, neurostimulation, neuroprosthetics and neuroregeneration, which are critical for the advancement of brain science and the establishment of the next-generation brain-electronic interface, central nerve system therapeutics and artificial intelligence. However, the existing neural electrodes suffer from drawbacks such as foreign body responses, low sensitivity and limited functionalities. In order to overcome the drawbacks, efforts have been made to create new constructions and configurations of neural electrodes from soft materials, but it is also more practical and economic to improve the functionalities of the existing neural electrodes via surface coatings. In this article, recently reported surface coatings for neural electrodes are carefully categorized and analyzed. The coatings are classified into different categories based on their chemical compositions, i.e., metals, metal oxides, carbons, conducting polymers and hydrogels. The characteristic microstructures, electrochemical properties and fabrication methods of the coatings are comprehensively presented, and their structure-property correlations are discussed. Special focus is given to the biocompatibilities of the coatings, including their foreign-body response, cell affinity, and long-term stability during implantation. This review article can provide useful and sophisticated insights into the functional design, material selection and structural configuration for the next-generation multifunctional coatings of neural electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (P.Y.); (L.X.)
| | | | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (P.Y.); (L.X.)
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20
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Settu K, Chiu PT, Huang YM. Laser-Induced Graphene-Based Enzymatic Biosensor for Glucose Detection. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2795. [PMID: 34451332 PMCID: PMC8400493 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has recently been receiving increasing attention due to its simple fabrication and low cost. This study reports a flexible laser-induced graphene-based electrochemical biosensor fabricated on a polymer substrate by the laser direct engraving process. For this purpose, a 450 nm UV laser was employed to produce a laser-induced graphene electrode (LIGE) on a polyimide substrate. After the laser engraving of LIGE, the chitosan-glucose oxidase (GOx) composite was immobilized on the LIGE surface to develop the biosensor for glucose detection. It was observed that the developed LIGE biosensor exhibited good amperometric responses toward glucose detection over a wide linear range up to 8 mM. The GOx/chitosan-modified LIGE biosensor showed high sensitivity of 43.15 µA mM-1 cm-2 with a detection limit of 0.431 mM. The interference studies performed with some possible interfering compounds such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and urea exhibited no interference as there was no difference observed in the amperometric glucose detection. It was suggested that the LIGE-based biosensor proposed herein was easy to prepare and could be used for low-cost, rapid, and sensitive/selective glucose detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Settu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City 23741, Taiwan; (P.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.)
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21
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Wysocka‐Żołopa M, Breczko J, Grądzka E, Basa A, Goclon J, Dubis A, Winkler K. Oxidized MWCNTs as an Oxidizing Agent and Dopant in MWCNT@Polypyrrole Composite Formation**. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wysocka‐Żołopa
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Joanna Breczko
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Emilia Grądzka
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Anna Basa
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Jakub Goclon
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Alina Dubis
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
| | - Krzysztof Winkler
- Department of Chemistry University of Bialystok Ciolkowskiego 1 K 15-245 Bialystok Poland
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22
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Li W, Luo W, Li M, Chen L, Chen L, Guan H, Yu M. The Impact of Recent Developments in Electrochemical POC Sensor for Blood Sugar Care. Front Chem 2021; 9:723186. [PMID: 34395386 PMCID: PMC8360348 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.723186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid glucose testing is very important in the care of diabetes. Monitoring of blood glucose is the most critical indicator of disease control in diabetic patients. The invention and popularity of electrochemical sensors have made glucose detection fast and inexpensive. The first generation of glucose sensors had limitations in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. In order to overcome these problems, scientists have used a range of new materials to produce new glucose electrochemical sensors with higher sensitivity, selectivity and lower cost. A variety of different electrochemical sensors including enzymatic electrochemical sensors and enzyme-free electrochemical sensors have been extensively investigated. We discussed the development process of electrochemical glucose sensors in this review. We focused on describing the benefits of carbon materials in nanomaterials, specially graphene for sensors. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the sensors and challenges in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- ICU of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weixiang Luo
- Nursing Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Hepatological Surgery Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyu Chen
- Endocrinology Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Nursing Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Guan
- Respiratory Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengjiao Yu
- Gastroenterology Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang HT, Feng QX, Liu CL, Ren XY, Yang HJ, Lin SD. Low-cost synthesis of high-performance polycarboxylic ether by Co2+-, Ni2+- and Zn2+-catalyzed H2O2-NaHSO3 initiation system. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ultraflexible and Mechanically Strong Polymer/Polyaniline Conductive Interpenetrating Nanocomposite via In Situ Polymerization of Vinyl Monomer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132159. [PMID: 34208915 PMCID: PMC8271515 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous enhancement of conductivity and mechanical properties for polyaniline/polymer nanocomposite still remains a big challenge. Here, a reverse approach via in situ polymerization (RIP) of vinyl monomers in waterborne polyaniline dispersion was raised to prepare conductive polyaniline (GPANI)/polyacrylate (PMB) interpenetrating polymer (GPANI-PMB) nanocomposite. GPANI/PMB physical blend was simultaneously prepared as reference. The conductive GPANI-PMB nanocomposite film with compact pomegranate-shape morphology is homogeneous, ultraflexible and mechanically strong. With incorporating a considerable amount of PMB into GPANI via the RIP method, only a slight decrease from 3.21 to 2.80 S/cm was detected for the conductivity of GPANI-PMB, while the tensile strength significantly increased from 25 to 43.5 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 40% to 234%. The water absorption of GPANI-PMB3 after 72 h immersion decreased from 24.68% to 10.35% in comparison with GPANI, which is also higher than that of GPANI/PMB. The conductivity and tensile strength of GPANI-PMB were also much higher than that of GPANI/PMB (0.006 S/cm vs. 5.59 MPa). Moreover, the conductivity of GPANI-PMB remained almost invariable after folding 200 times, while that of GPANI/PMB decreased by almost half. This RIP approach should be applicable for preparing conventional conductive polymer nanocomposite with high conductivity, high strength and high flexibility.
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25
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German N, Ramanaviciene A, Ramanavicius A. Dispersed Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites with Glucose Oxidase and Gold Nanoparticles for the Design of Enzymatic Glucose Biosensors. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132173. [PMID: 34209068 PMCID: PMC8271668 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors for the determination of glucose concentration have a great significance in clinical diagnosis, and in the food and pharmaceutics industries. In this research, short-chain polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (Ppy)-based nanocomposites with glucose oxidase (GOx) and 6 nm diameter AuNPs (AuNPs(6 nm)) were deposited on the graphite rod (GR) electrode followed by the immobilization of GOx. Optimal conditions for the modification of GR electrodes by conducting polymer-based nanocomposites and GOx were elaborated. The electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and constant potential amperometry in the presence of the redox mediator phenazine methosulfate (PMS). The improved enzymatic biosensors based on GR/PANI-AuNPs(6 nm)-GOx/GOx and GR/Ppy-AuNPs(6 nm)-GOx/GOx electrodes were characterized by high sensitivity (65.4 and 55.4 μA mM−1 cm−2), low limit of detection (0.070 and 0.071 mmol L−1), wide linear range (up to 16.5 mmol L−1), good repeatability (RSD 4.67 and 5.89%), and appropriate stability (half-life period (τ1/2) was 22 and 17 days, respectively). The excellent anti-interference ability to ascorbic and uric acids and successful practical application for glucose determination in serum samples was presented for GR/PANI-AuNPs(6 nm)-GOx/GOx electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija German
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (N.G.); (A.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (N.G.); (A.R.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Division of Materials Science and Electronics, State Scientific Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanorių ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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26
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Yan L, Miao K, Ma P, Ma X, Bi R, Chen F. A feasible electrochemical biosensor for determination of glucose based on Prussian blue - Enzyme aggregates cascade catalytic system. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 141:107838. [PMID: 34038858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The coral-like gold micro/nanostructures were formed onto carbon cloth followed by a Prussian blue (PB) electrochemical deposition to construct a highly sensitive H2O2 biosensor. The SEM image of PB/Au/CC showed the coral-like gold morphology, and EDS and XPS tests also further confirmed the successful loading of Au and PB. The electrochemical tests of PB/Au/CC displayed the electrode possessed excellent performance in sensing H2O2, which was quantified in the linear range from 0.002 to 13.97 mM at an applied potential of -0.05 V, with a sensitivity of 454.97 μA mM-1 cm-2 and a detection limit of 0.5 μM (S/N = 3). And then a convenient sensing platform was established via the cross-linking enzyme aggregates method, using PB as the mediator to realize the construction of glucose BIOSENSOR GOxEA@PB/Au/CC. The biosensor responded to glucose in the sensitivity of 70.76 μA mM-1 cm-2 within the linear range from 0.05 to 3.15 mM with a detection limit of 10 μM. The sensitivity was much higher than the electrode constructed by the cross-linking enzyme method (GOx@PB/Au/CC), and it was also highly selective, reproducible, and stable. Besides, the proposed biosensor was successfully applied to the glucose determination in real human serum samples, which proved its practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China.
| | - Ran Bi
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China
| | - Fang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, PR China
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Butyrskaya EV, Korkmaz N, Zolotukhina EV, Krasiukova V, Silina YE. Mechanistic aspects of functional layer formation in hybrid one-step designed GOx/Nafion/Pd-NPs nanobiosensors. Analyst 2021; 146:2172-2185. [PMID: 33566051 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amperometric nanobiosensors are crucial time and cost effective analytical tools for the detection of a wide range of bioanalytes, viz. glucose present in complex environments at very low concentrations. Although the excellent analytical performance of nanobiosensors is undoubted, their exact molecular structure often remains unclear. Here, by combining advanced nanoanalytical approaches with theoretical modeling, we conducted a comprehensive study towards the investigation of the molecular structure of a hybrid GOx/Nafion/Pd-NPs layer deposited by electroplating from the multicomponent electrolyte solution on the surface of screen printed electrodes modified with graphene oxide. Specifically, we revealed that Pd2+ cations were adsorbed on GOx amino acid residues, forming the GOx·nPd2+ enzymatic complex. The highest adsorption energy of Pd2+ cations on GOx was found during their interaction with the side chains of basic amino acids and methionine. In addition, we showed and fully validated the end-structure of the one-step designed GOx/Nafion/Pd-NPs nanobiosensor as a structural model mainly composed of GOx and water molecules incorporated into the metal-polymer scaffold. Our approach will thus serve as a guideline for the study of molecular interactions occurring in complex systems and will contribute to the design of the next generation of hybrid nanobiosensors. The proposed mechanism, driving the self-assembly of the hybrid layer, will allow us to construct modular enzymatic nanoanalytical devices with tailored sequences in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Butyrskaya
- Department of Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, 394006, Voronezh, Russia.
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Andriukonis E, Celiesiute-Germaniene R, Ramanavicius S, Viter R, Ramanavicius A. From Microorganism-Based Amperometric Biosensors towards Microbial Fuel Cells. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2442. [PMID: 33916302 PMCID: PMC8038125 DOI: 10.3390/s21072442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the overview of microbial amperometric biosensors and microbial biofuel cells (MFC) and shows how very similar principles are applied for the design of both types of these bioelectronics-based devices. Most microorganism-based amperometric biosensors show poor specificity, but this drawback can be exploited in the design of microbial biofuel cells because this enables them to consume wider range of chemical fuels. The efficiency of the charge transfer is among the most challenging and critical issues during the development of any kind of biofuel cell. In most cases, particular redox mediators and nanomaterials are applied for the facilitation of charge transfer from applied biomaterials towards biofuel cell electrodes. Some improvements in charge transfer efficiency can be achieved by the application of conducting polymers (CPs), which can be used for the immobilization of enzymes and in some particular cases even for the facilitation of charge transfer. In this review, charge transfer pathways and mechanisms, which are suitable for the design of biosensors and in biofuel cells, are discussed. Modification methods of the cell-wall/membrane by conducting polymers in order to enhance charge transfer efficiency of microorganisms, which can be potentially applied in the design of microbial biofuel cells, are outlined. The biocompatibility-related aspects of conducting polymers with microorganisms are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eivydas Andriukonis
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.A.); (R.C.-G.); (S.R.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Celiesiute-Germaniene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.A.); (R.C.-G.); (S.R.)
- Laboratory of Bioelectrics, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.A.); (R.C.-G.); (S.R.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Roman Viter
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.A.); (R.C.-G.); (S.R.)
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.A.); (R.C.-G.); (S.R.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Ramanavicius S, Jagminas A, Ramanavicius A. Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:974. [PMID: 33810074 PMCID: PMC8004762 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent challenges in biomedical diagnostics show that the development of rapid affinity sensors is very important issue. Therefore, in this review we are aiming to outline the most important directions of affinity sensors where polymer-based semiconducting materials are applied. Progress in formation and development of such materials is overviewed and discussed. Some applicability aspects of conducting polymers in the design of affinity sensors are presented. The main attention is focused on bioanalytical application of conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ortho-phenylenediamine. In addition, some other polymers and inorganic materials that are suitable for molecular imprinting technology are also overviewed. Polymerization techniques, which are the most suitable for the development of composite structures suitable for affinity sensors are presented. Analytical signal transduction methods applied in affinity sensors based on polymer-based semiconducting materials are discussed. In this review the most attention is focused on the development and application of molecularly imprinted polymer-based structures, which can replace antibodies, receptors, and many others expensive affinity reagents. The applicability of electrochromic polymers in affinity sensor design is envisaged. Sufficient biocompatibility of some conducting polymers enables to apply them as "stealth coatings" in the future implantable affinity-sensors. Some new perspectives and trends in analytical application of polymer-based semiconducting materials are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (S.R.); (A.J.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Jagminas
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (S.R.); (A.J.)
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Polymers in Sensor and Biosensor Design. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060917. [PMID: 33809727 PMCID: PMC8002212 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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31
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Wang W, Qu Z, Wang X, Zhang J. A Molecular Model of PEMFC Catalyst Layer: Simulation on Reactant Transport and Thermal Conduction. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11020148. [PMID: 33672648 PMCID: PMC7924188 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Minimizing platinum (Pt) loading while reserving high reaction efficiency in the catalyst layer (CL) has been confirmed as one of the key issues in improving the performance and application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To enhance the reaction efficiency of Pt catalyst in CL, the interfacial interactions in the three-phase interface, i.e., carbon, Pt, and ionomer should be first clarified. In this study, a molecular model containing carbon, Pt, and ionomer compositions is built and the radial distribution functions (RDFs), diffusion coefficient, water cluster morphology, and thermal conductivity are investigated after the equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) and nonequilibrium MD simulations. The results indicate that increasing water content improves water aggregation and cluster interconnection, both of which benefit the transport of oxygen and proton in the CL. The growing amount of ionomer promotes proton transport but generates additional resistance to oxygen. Both the increase of water and ionomer improve the thermal conductivity of the C. The above-mentioned findings are expected to help design catalyst layers with optimized Pt content and enhanced reaction efficiency, and further improve the performance of PEMFCs.
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32
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Apetrei RM, Camurlu P. Facile copper-based nanofibrous matrix for glucose sensing: Eenzymatic vs. non-enzymatic. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107751. [PMID: 33667903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to provide a valid comparison between glucose detection efficiency with an enzymatic and a non-enzymatic sensing platform. A low-cost nano-matrix for glucose sensing was developed by drop-coating copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) onto a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibrous assembly. The PAN NFs/Cu NPs matrix was optimized regarding electrospinning time and Cu NPs content and employed as a non-enzymatic sensor or further modified by cross-linking of glucose oxidase (GOD) for the development of an enzymatic sensor. The non-enzymatic glucose sensor was three times more sensitive (300 mAM-1cm-2) than the enzymatic one (81 mAM-1cm-2) with similar limit of detection values (5.9 and 5.6 µM, respectively). Incorporation of MWCNTs improved both the LOD (3.3 µM) and the operational stability of the non-enzymatic configuration (RSD 7.3%). The interference effect proved insignificant for the enzymatic sensor due to the innate catalytic selectivity whilst the non-enzymatic sensor acquired selectivity due to the nanofibrous PAN matrix and Nafion coating. The non-enzymatic PAN NFs/Cu NPs sensor was chosen for the detection of glucose in real blood serum samples whilst the PAN NFs/Cu NPs/GOD sensor was applied for glucose detection in fruit juices, both proving recovery results close to 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Mihaela Apetrei
- Akdeniz University, Department of Chemistry, 07058 Antalya, Turkey; 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, Domneasca Street, 47, Galati RO-800008, Romania
| | - Pinar Camurlu
- Akdeniz University, Department of Chemistry, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
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Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Charge Transfer and Biocompatibility Aspects in Conducting Polymer-Based Enzymatic Biosensors and Biofuel Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:371. [PMID: 33540587 PMCID: PMC7912793 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Charge transfer (CT) is a very important issue in the design of biosensors and biofuel cells. Some nanomaterials can be applied to facilitate the CT in these bioelectronics-based devices. In this review, we overview some CT mechanisms and/or pathways that are the most frequently established between redox enzymes and electrodes. Facilitation of indirect CT by the application of some nanomaterials is frequently applied in electrochemical enzymatic biosensors and biofuel cells. More sophisticated and still rather rarely observed is direct charge transfer (DCT), which is often addressed as direct electron transfer (DET), therefore, DCT/DET is also targeted and discussed in this review. The application of conducting polymers (CPs) for the immobilization of enzymes and facilitation of charge transfer during the design of biosensors and biofuel cells are overviewed. Significant attention is paid to various ways of synthesis and application of conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Some DCT/DET mechanisms in CP-based sensors and biosensors are discussed, taking into account that not only charge transfer via electrons, but also charge transfer via holes can play a crucial role in the design of bioelectronics-based devices. Biocompatibility aspects of CPs, which provides important advantages essential for implantable bioelectronics, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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In-Situ Iodine Doping Characteristics of Conductive Polyaniline Film Polymerized by Low-Voltage-Driven Atmospheric Pressure Plasma. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030418. [PMID: 33525506 PMCID: PMC7866091 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In-situ iodine (I2)-doped atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma polymerization is proposed, based on a newly designed AP plasma reactor with a single wire electrode that enables low-voltage-driven plasma polymerization. The proposed AP plasma reactor can proceed plasma polymerization at low voltage levels, thereby enabling an effective in-situ I2 doping process by maintaining a stable glow discharge state even if the applied voltage increases due to the use of a discharge gas containing a large amount of monomer vapors and doping materials. The results of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) show that the polyaniline (PANI) films are successfully deposited on the silicon (Si) substrates, and that the crosslinking pattern of the synthesized nanoparticles is predominantly vertically aligned. In addition, the in-situ I2-doped PANI film fabricated by the proposed AP plasma reactor exhibits excellent electrical resistance without electrical aging behavior. The developed AP plasma reactor proposed in this study is more advantageous for the polymerization and in-situ I2 doping of conductive polymer films than the existing AP plasma reactor with a dielectric barrier.
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CVD Conditions for MWCNTs Production and Their Effects on the Optical and Electrical Properties of PPy/MWCNTs, PANI/MWCNTs Nanocomposites by In Situ Electropolymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030351. [PMID: 33499125 PMCID: PMC7865428 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the optimal conditions of synthesizing and purifying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from ferrocene were selected at the first stage, where decomposition time, argon fluxes, precursor amounts, decomposition temperature (at 1023 K and 1123 K), and purification process (HNO3 + H2SO4 or HCl + H2O2), were modulated through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and compared to commercial CNTs. The processing temperature at 1123 K and the treatment with HCl + H2O2 were key parameters influencing the purity, crystallinity, stability, and optical/electrical properties of bamboo-like morphology CNTs. Selected multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs), from 1 to 20 wt%, were electropolymerized through in-situ polarization with conductive polymers (CPs), poly(aniline) (PANI) and poly(pyrrole) (PPy), for obtaining composites. In terms of structural stability and electrical properties, MWCNTs obtained by CVD were found to be better than commercial ones for producing CPs composites. The CNTs addition in both polymeric matrixes was of 6.5 wt%. In both systems, crystallinity degree, related to the alignment of PC chains on MWCNTs surface, was improved. Electrical conductivity, in terms of the carrier density and mobility, was adequately enhanced with CVD CNTs, which were even better than the evaluated commercial CNTs. The findings of this study demonstrate that synergistic effects among the hydrogen bonds, stability, and conductivity are better in PANI/MWCNTs than in PPy/MWCNTs composites, which open a promissory route to prepare materials for different technological applications.
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Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Conducting Polymers in the Design of Biosensors and Biofuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E49. [PMID: 33375584 PMCID: PMC7795957 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast and sensitive determination of biologically active compounds is very important in biomedical diagnostics, the food and beverage industry, and environmental analysis. In this review, the most promising directions in analytical application of conducting polymers (CPs) are outlined. Up to now polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) are the most frequently used CPs in the design of sensors and biosensors; therefore, in this review, main attention is paid to these conducting polymers. The most popular polymerization methods applied for the formation of conducting polymer layers are discussed. The applicability of polypyrrole-based functional layers in the design of electrochemical biosensors and biofuel cells is highlighted. Some signal transduction mechanisms in CP-based sensors and biosensors are discussed. Biocompatibility-related aspects of some conducting polymers are overviewed and some insights into the application of CP-based coatings for the design of implantable sensors and biofuel cells are addressed. New trends and perspectives in the development of sensors based on CPs and their composites with other materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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