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Li L, Zhang W, Sun Y, Zhang W, Lu M, Wang J, Jin Y, Xi Q. A clinical prognostic model of oxidative stress-related genes linked to tumor immune cell infiltration and the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28442. [PMID: 38560253 PMCID: PMC10981114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background According to statistics, ovarian cancer (OV) is the most prevalent type of gynecologic malignancy and has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic tumors. Although several studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) contributes significantly to the onset and progression of cancer, the role of OS in OV needs to be investigated further. Thus, it is critical to comprehend the function of OS-related genes in OV. Methods In this study, all data related to the transcriptome and clinical status of the patients were retrieved from "The Cancer Genome Atlas" (TCGA) and "Gene Expression Omnibus" (GEO) databases. Using the unsupervised cluster analysis technique, all patients with OV were classified into two different subtypes (categories) based on the OS gene. All hub genes were screened using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Since the hub genes and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both categories were found to intersect, the univariate Cox regression analysis was implemented. A multivariate Cox analysis was also performed to construct a novel clinical prognosis model, which was validated using data from the GEO cohort. In addition, the relationship between risk score and immune cell infiltration level was evaluated using CIBERSORT. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to confirm the expression of the genes used to construct the model. Results Two subtypes of OS were obtained. The findings indicated that OS-C1 had a better survival outcome than OS-C2. The results of WGCNA yielded 112 hub genes. For univariate COX regression analyses, 49 OS-related trait genes were obtained. Finally, a clinical prognostic model containing two genes was constructed. This model could differentiate between patients with OV having varying years of survival in the TCGA and GEO cohorts. The model risk score was verified as an independent prognostic indicator. According to the results of CIBERSORT, many tumor-infiltrating immune cells were found to be significantly related to the risk score. Furthermore, the results revealed that patients with low-risk OV in the CTLA4 treatment group had a high likelihood of benefiting from immunotherapy. qRT-PCR results also showed that the expression of MARVELD1 and VSIG4 was high in the OV samples. Conclusions Analysis of the results suggested that the newly developed model, which contained two characteristic OS-related genes, could successfully predict the survival outcomes of all patients with OV. The findings of this study could offer valuable information and insights into the refinement of personalized therapy and immunotherapy for OV in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yanjun Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Weiling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Gynecology, Nantong Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224599, China
| | - Jiaqian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qidong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226200, China
| | - Yunfeng Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Qinghua Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
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Rizk F, Gelin S, Biance AL, Joly L. Microscopic Origins of the Viscosity of a Lennard-Jones Liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:074503. [PMID: 36018701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.074503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unlike crystalline solids or ideal gases, transport properties remain difficult to describe from a microscopic point of view in liquids, whose dynamics result from complex energetic and entropic contributions at the atomic scale. Two scenarios are generally proposed: one represents the dynamics in a fluid as a series of energy-barrier crossings, leading to Arrhenius-like laws, while the other assumes that atoms rearrange themselves by collisions, as exemplified by the free volume model. To assess the validity of these two views, we computed, using molecular dynamics simulations, the transport properties of the Lennard-Jones fluid and tested to what extent the Arrhenius equation and the free volume model describe the temperature dependence of the viscosity and of the diffusion coefficient at fixed pressure. Although both models reproduce the simulation results over a wide range of pressure and temperature covering the liquid and supercritical states of the Lennard-Jones fluid, we found that the parameters of the free volume model can be estimated directly from local structural parameters, also obtained in the simulations. This consistency of the results gives more credibility to the free volume description of transport properties in liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Rizk
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, France
| | - Simon Gelin
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, France
| | - Anne-Laure Biance
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, France
| | - Laurent Joly
- Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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Jha S, Malviya R, Fuloria S, Sundram S, Subramaniyan V, Sekar M, Sharma PK, Chakravarthi S, Wu YS, Mishra N, Meenakshi DU, Bhalla V, Djearamane S, Fuloria NK. Characterization of Microwave-Controlled Polyacrylamide Graft Copolymer of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1037. [PMID: 35267860 PMCID: PMC8914783 DOI: 10.3390/polym14051037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of the study was to prepare tamarind seed polysaccharide grafted copolymers of polyacrylamide (TSP-g-Am) using a 32 factorial design. Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) was extracted, and grafted copolymer of TSP was prepared using polyacrylamide as copolymer and ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator. Various batches (F1-F9) of TSP-g-Am were prepared, among which F1 showed highest grafting efficiency; hence, the prepared TSP-g-Am (F1) was evaluated for grafting efficiency, conversion, effect of initiator and further characterized using SEM analysis, contact angle determination, DSC analysis, swelling index, swelling and deswelling, and chemical resistance. The contact angle of TSP was found to be 81 ± 2, and that of TSP-g-Am (F1) was found to be 74 ± 2, which indicates that the wetting ability of the grafted copolymer was less than that of the native polymer. The results of thermal analysis indicated that TSP-g-Am had a more stable molecular structure than TSP. The morphology of the grafted polymer was observed from SEM images, and it was observed that the particles was asymmetrical. Antimicrobial activity was also found in the grafted copolymer. The present study concludes that the TSP-g-Am showed an excellent performance in thermal stability and swelling capacity compared with TSP. The detailed structural characteristics, as well as the excellent thermal stability and swelling capacities, will make it beneficial to use the synthesised copolymer as a precursor for the production of large-scale eco-friendly advanced materials with a wide range of applications, acting as a stabiliser, thickener, binder, release retardant, modifier, suspending agent, viscosity enhancer, emulsifying agent, or carrier for novel drug delivery systems in oral, buccal, colon, and ocular systems, and in nanofabrication and wound dressing, and it is also becoming an important part of food, cosmetics, confectionery, and bakery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Jha
- Department of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (S.J.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (S.J.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
| | - Sonali Sundram
- Department of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (S.J.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia; (V.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia;
| | | | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia; (V.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Neelesh Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (S.J.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (N.M.)
| | | | - Vijay Bhalla
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram 122505, India;
| | - Sinouvassane Djearamane
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Malaysia;
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
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Malviya R, Sundram S, Fuloria S, Subramaniyan V, Sathasivam KV, Azad AK, Sekar M, Kumar DH, Chakravarthi S, Porwal O, Meenakshi DU, Fuloria NK. Evaluation and Characterization of Tamarind Gum Polysaccharide: The Biopolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183023. [PMID: 34577925 PMCID: PMC8467713 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers from natural sources are widely used as excipients in the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The objective of this study was to extract and further characterize the tamarind gum polysaccharide (TGP) obtained from Tamarindus indica as an excipient for biomedical applications. Double distilled water was used as a solvent for the extraction of gum while Ethyl alcohol was used as an antisolvent for the precipitation. The results of the Hausner ratio, Carr’s index and angle of repose were found to be 0.94, 6.25, and 0.14, respectively, which revealed that the powder is free-flowing with good flowability. The gum was investigated for purity by carrying out chemical tests for different phytochemical constituents and only carbohydrates were found to be present. The swelling index was found to be 87 ± 1%, which shows that TGP has good water intake capacity. The pH of the 1% gum solution was found to be neutral, approximately 6.70 ± 0.01. The ash values such as total ash, sulphated ash, acid insoluble ash, and water-soluble ash were found to be 14.00 ± 1.00%, 13.00 ± 0.05%, 14.04 ± 0.57% and 7.29 ± 0.06%, respectively. The IR spectra confirmed the presence of alcohol, amines, ketones, anhydrides groups. The contact angle was <90°, indicating favorable wetting and good spreading of liquid over the surface The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) revealed that the particle is spherical in shape and irregular. DSC analysis shows a sharp exothermic peak at 350 °C that shows its crystalline nature. The results of the evaluated properties showed that TGP has acceptable properties and can be used as a excipient to formulate dosage forms for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonali Sundram
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (N.K.F.); Tel.: +60-143034057 (S.F.); +60-164037685 (N.K.F.)
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (V.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Kathiresan V. Sathasivam
- Faculty of Applied Science, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia;
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Darnal Hari Kumar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University, No.3 Jalan Masjid Abu Bakar, 80100 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (V.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Omji Porwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (N.K.F.); Tel.: +60-143034057 (S.F.); +60-164037685 (N.K.F.)
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