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Opris H, Baciut M, Moldovan M, Cuc S, Petean I, Opris D, Bran S, Onisor FG, Armenea G, Baciut G. Comparison of the Eggshell and the Porcine Pericardium Membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration Applications. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2529. [PMID: 37760970 PMCID: PMC10526217 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration is frequently used to reconstruct the alveolar bone to rehabilitate the mastication using dental implants. The purpose of this article is to research the properties of eggshell membrane (ESM) and its potential application in tissue engineering. The study focuses on the structural, mechanical, and histological characteristics of ESM extracted from Gallus domesticus eggs and to compare them to a commercially available porcine pericardium membrane (Jason® membrane, botiss biomaterials GmbH, Zossen, Germany). Thus, histology was performed on the ESM, and a comparison of the microstructure through scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was conducted. Also, mechanical tensile strength was evaluated. Samples of ESM were prepared and treated with alcohol for fixation and disinfection. Histological analysis revealed that the ESM architecture is constituted out of loose collagen fibers. However, due to the random arrangement of collagen fibers within the membrane, it might not be an effective barrier and occlusive barrier. Comparative analyses were performed between the ESM and the AFM examinations and demonstrated differences in the surface topography and mechanical properties between the two membranes. The ESM exhibited rougher surfaces and weaker mechanical cohesion attributed to its glycoprotein content. The study concludes that while the ESM displays favorable biocompatibility and resorb ability, its non-uniform collagen arrangement limits its suitability as a guided bone regeneration membrane in the current non-crosslinked native form. Crosslinking techniques may enhance its properties for such applications. Further research is needed to explore modifications and processing methods that could leverage the ESM's unique properties for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horia Opris
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Stanca Cuc
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Daiana Opris
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Florin Gligor Onisor
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Gabriel Armenea
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Grigore Baciut
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.O.); (M.B.); (S.B.); (G.A.); (G.B.)
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Opris H, Baciut M, Bran S, Dinu C, Opris D, Armencea G, Onisor F, Bumbu B, Baciut G. Biocompatibility and histological responses of eggshell membrane for dental implant-guided bone regeneration. J Med Life 2023; 16:1007-1012. [PMID: 37900060 PMCID: PMC10600669 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizing eggshell membrane (ESM) as a potential biomaterial for dental implant therapy augmentation was explored in this study. ESM, an environmentally friendly waste product, possesses collagen-rich characteristics. The biocompatibility and histological responses of ESM were investigated in a rat model. Twelve young adult Wistar rats were used in this study. ESM samples were implanted in subcutaneous and intramuscular pockets, and samples were collected at 48 hours, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks post-implantation. Histological analysis revealed the changes in ESM over time. Results showed that ESM maintained its structural integrity, induced a moderate cellular response, and exhibited slow degradation, indicating potential biocompatibility. However, the lack of organized collagen arrangement in ESM led to the formation of irregular and polymorphic spaces, allowing cell migration. Encapsulation of ESM by newly proliferating collagen fibers and multinucleated giant cells was observed at later time points, indicating a foreign body reaction. Crosslinking might improve its performance as a separation membrane, as it has the potential to resist enzymatic degradation and enhance biomechanical properties. In conclusion, ESM demonstrated biocompatibility, slow degradation, and lack of foreign body reaction. While not suitable as a complete separation membrane due to irregular collagen arrangement, further research involving crosslinking could enhance its properties, making it a viable option for guided bone regeneration applications in dental implant therapy. This study highlights the potential of repurposing waste materials for medical purposes and underscores the importance of controlled collagen structure in biomaterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horia Opris
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Dinu
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daiana Opris
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriel Armencea
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Onisor
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Bumbu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Grigore Baciut
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ruiz-Ramírez LR, Álvarez-Ortega O, Donohue-Cornejo A, Espinosa-Cristóbal LF, Farias-Mancilla JR, Martínez-Pérez CA, Reyes-López SY. Poly-ε-Caprolactone-Hydroxyapatite-Alumina (PCL-HA-α-Al 2O 3) Electrospun Nanofibers in Wistar Rats. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2130. [PMID: 35683803 PMCID: PMC9182750 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers of natural origin are ideal for the development of processes in tissue engineering due to their immunogenic potential and ability to interact with living tissues. However, some synthetic polymers have been developed in recent years for use in tissue engineering, such as Poly-ε-caprolactone. The nanotechnology and the electrospinning process are perceived to produce biomaterials in the form of nanofibers with diverse unique properties. Biocompatibility tests of poly-ε-caprolactone nanofibers embedded with hydroxyapatite and alumina nanoparticles manufactured by means of the electrospinning technique were carried out in Wistar rats to be used as oral dressings. Hydroxyapatite as a material is used because of its great compatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductive properties. The PCL, PCL-HA, PCL-α-Al2O3, and PCL-HA-α-Al2O3 nanofibers obtained in the process were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The nanofibers had an average diameter of (840 ± 230) nm. The nanofiber implants were placed and tested at 2, 4, and 6 weeks in the subcutaneous tissue of the rats to give a chronic inflammatory infiltrate, characteristic foreign body reaction, which decreased slightly at 6 weeks with the addition of hydroxyapatite and alumina ceramic particles. The biocompatibility test showed a foreign body reaction that produces a layer of collagen and fibroblasts. Tissue loss and necrosis were not observed due to the coating of the material, but a slight decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate occurred in the last evaluation period, which is indicative of the beginning of the acceptance of the tested materials by the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Roberto Ruiz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32315, Mexico; (L.R.R.-R.); (O.Á.-O.)
| | - Oskar Álvarez-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32315, Mexico; (L.R.R.-R.); (O.Á.-O.)
| | - Alejandro Donohue-Cornejo
- Departamento de Estomatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32315, Mexico; (A.D.-C.); (L.F.E.-C.)
| | - León Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal
- Departamento de Estomatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32315, Mexico; (A.D.-C.); (L.F.E.-C.)
| | - José Rurik Farias-Mancilla
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Autonomous University of the City of Juárez, UACJ, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (J.R.F.-M.); (C.A.M.-P.)
| | - Carlos A. Martínez-Pérez
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Autonomous University of the City of Juárez, UACJ, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (J.R.F.-M.); (C.A.M.-P.)
| | - Simón Yobanny Reyes-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32315, Mexico; (L.R.R.-R.); (O.Á.-O.)
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