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Valdes O, Bustos D, Guzmán L, Muñoz-Vera M, Urra G, Castro RI, Morales-Quintana L. The Controlled Release of Abscisic Acid (ABA) Utilizing Alginate-Chitosan Gel Blends: A Synergistic Approach for an Enhanced Small-Molecule Delivery Controller. Gels 2024; 10:185. [PMID: 38534603 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of abscisic acid (ABA) into a chitosan-alginate gel blend unveils crucial insights into the formation and stability of these two substances. ABA, a key phytohormone in plant growth and stress responses, is strategically targeted for controlled release within these complexes. This study investigates the design and characterization of this novel controlled-release system, showcasing the potential of alginate-chitosan gel blends in ABA delivery. Computational methods, including molecular dynamics simulations, are employed to analyze the structural effects of microencapsulation, offering valuable insights into complex behavior under varying conditions. This paper focuses on the controlled release of ABA from these complexes, highlighting its strategic importance in drug delivery systems and beyond. This controlled release enables targeted and regulated ABA delivery, with far-reaching implications for pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and plant stress response studies. While acknowledging context dependency, the paper suggests that the liberation or controlled release of ABA holds promise in applications, urging further research and experimentation to validate its utility across diverse fields. Overall, this work significantly contributes to understanding the characteristics and potential applications of chitosan-alginate complexes, marking a noteworthy advancement in the field of controlled-release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Valdes
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Daniel Bustos
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Luis Guzmán
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunohematología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay, s/n, Casilla 747-721, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Marcelo Muñoz-Vera
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N° 1670, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Gabriela Urra
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Ricardo I Castro
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Arquitectura, Construcción y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N° 1670, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Luis Morales-Quintana
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N° 1670, Talca 3467987, Chile
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Bustos D, Guzmán L, Valdés O, Muñoz-Vera M, Morales-Quintana L, Castro RI. Development and Evaluation of Cross-Linked Alginate-Chitosan-Abscisic Acid Blend Gel. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3217. [PMID: 37571107 PMCID: PMC10420979 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) has been proposed to play a significant role in the ripening of nonclimacteric fruit, stomatal opening, and response to abiotic stresses in plants, which can adversely affect crop growth and productivity. The biological effects of ABA are dependent on its concentration and signal transduction pathways. However, due to its susceptibility to the environment, it is essential to find a suitable biotechnological approach to coat ABA for its application. One promising approach is to utilize alginate and chitosan, two natural polysaccharides known for their strong affinity for water and their ability to act as coating agents. In this study, an alginate-chitosan blend was employed to develop an ABA cover. To achieve this, an alginate-chitosan-abscisic acid (ALG-CS-ABA) blend was prepared by forming ionic bonds or complexes with calcium ions, or through dual cross-linking. This was done by dripping a homogeneous solution of alginate-chitosan and ABA into a calcium chloride solution, resulting in the formation of the blend. By combining the unique properties of alginate, chitosan, and ABA, the resulting ALG-CS-ABA blend can potentially offer enhanced stability, controlled release, and improved protection of ABA. These characteristics make it a promising biotechnological approach for various applications, including the targeted delivery of ABA in agricultural practices or in the development of innovative plant-based products. Further evaluation and characterization of the ALG-CS-ABA blend will provide valuable insights into its potential applications in the fields of biomedicine, agriculture, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bustos
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.B.); (O.V.)
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional (LBQC), Escuela de Bioingeniería Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Luis Guzmán
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunohematología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay, s/n, Casilla 747–721, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Oscar Valdés
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.B.); (O.V.)
| | - Marcelo Muñoz-Vera
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N°1670, Talca 3467987, Chile;
| | - Luis Morales-Quintana
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N°1670, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Ricardo I. Castro
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Arquitectura, Construcción y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N°1670, Talca 3467987, Chile
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Yáñez O, Alegría-Arcos M, Suardiaz R, Morales-Quintana L, Castro RI, Palma-Olate J, Galarza C, Catagua-González Á, Rojas-Pérez V, Urra G, Hernández-Rodríguez EW, Bustos D. Calcium-Alginate-Chitosan Nanoparticle as a Potential Solution for Pesticide Removal, a Computational Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3020. [PMID: 37514411 PMCID: PMC10383139 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have a significant negative impact on the environment, non-target organisms, and human health. To address these issues, sustainable pest management practices and government regulations are necessary. However, biotechnology can provide additional solutions, such as the use of polyelectrolyte complexes to encapsulate and remove pesticides from water sources. We introduce a computational methodology to evaluate the capture capabilities of Calcium-Alginate-Chitosan (CAC) nanoparticles for a broad range of pesticides. By employing ensemble-docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the intermolecular interactions and absorption/adsorption characteristics between the CAC nanoparticles and selected pesticides. Our findings reveal that charged pesticide molecules exhibit more than double capture rates compared to neutral counterparts, owing to their stronger affinity for the CAC nanoparticles. Non-covalent interactions, such as van der Waals forces, π-π stacking, and hydrogen bonds, are identified as key factors which stabilized the capture and physisorption of pesticides. Density profile analysis confirms the localization of pesticides adsorbed onto the surface or absorbed into the polymer matrix, depending on their chemical nature. The mobility and diffusion behavior of captured compounds within the nanoparticle matrix is assessed using mean square displacement and diffusion coefficients. Compounds with high capture levels exhibit limited mobility, indicative of effective absorption and adsorption. Intermolecular interaction analysis highlights the significance of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions in the pesticide-polymer association. Notably, two promising candidates, an antibiotic derived from tetracycline and a rodenticide, demonstrate a strong affinity for CAC nanoparticles. This computational methodology offers a reliable and efficient screening approach for identifying effective pesticide capture agents, contributing to the development of eco-friendly strategies for pesticide removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Yáñez
- Núcleo de Investigación en Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Melissa Alegría-Arcos
- Núcleo de Investigación en Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Reynier Suardiaz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Morales-Quintana
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3400000, Chile
| | - Ricardo I Castro
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Carrera de Ingeniería en Construcción, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3400000, Chile
| | | | - Christian Galarza
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil EC090903, Ecuador
| | | | - Víctor Rojas-Pérez
- Doctorado en Biotecnología Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Gabriela Urra
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Erix W Hernández-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
- Unidad de Bioinformática Clínica, Centro Oncológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Daniel Bustos
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
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Andler R, Rojas V, Pino V, Castro RI, Valdés C, Kumar V, Peña C, Díaz-Barrera A. Efficient production of a polyhydroxyalkanoate by Azotobacter vinelandii OP using apple residues as promising feedstock. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124626. [PMID: 37119884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Fruit residues are attractive substrates for the production of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates due to the high contents of fermentable sugars and the fast, simple, and efficient pretreatment methods required. In this study, apple residues, mainly apple peel, were used as the sole carbon source in cultures of the bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii OP to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB). Conversion from the residue to total sugars was highly effective, achieving conversions of up to 65.4 % w w-1 when using 1 % v v-1 sulfuric acid and 58.3 % w w-1 in the absence of acid (only water). The cultures were evaluated at the shake-flask scale and in 3-L bioreactors using a defined medium under nitrogen starvation conditions. The results showed the production of up to 3.94 g L-1 P3HB in a bioreactor, reaching an accumulation of 67.3 % w w-1 when using apple residues. For the PHB obtained from the cultures with apple residues, a melting point of 179.99 °C and a maximum degradation temperature of 274.64 °C were calculated. A P3HB production strategy is shown using easily hydrolysable fruit residues to achieve production yields comparable to those obtained with pure sugars under similar cultivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Andler
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
| | - V Rojas
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - V Pino
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (Cenbio), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - R I Castro
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Carrera de Ingeniería en Construcción, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - C Valdés
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile
| | - V Kumar
- Ecotoxicity and Bioconversion Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam 602105, India
| | - C Peña
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos, Mexico
| | - A Díaz-Barrera
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Kabalan Y, Montané X, Tylkowski B, De la Flor S, Giamberini M. Design and assembly of biodegradable capsules based on alginate hydrogel composite for the encapsulation of blue dye. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123530. [PMID: 36736972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of bluing agents in biodegradable polymeric capsules is an emerging option in laundry detergents sector to substitute formaldehyde-based polymers, because they are non-biodegradable, carcinogenic and toxic. In this work, we present for the first time the successful encapsulation of a blue dye in biodegradable capsules which shell was formed by an alginate hydrogel and a polyethylene glycol network. Different types of capsules were synthesized (addition or not of the diacrylate monomer) and irradiation of the crosslinking solution at different times. Furthermore, a deep characterization of each type of capsules was performed (chemical and morphological characterization, assessment of their mechanical and thermal properties, evaluation of their biodegradability), noting that the incorporation of the diacrylate monomer (PEGDMA) and the two different irradiation times selected substantially affected the final properties of the capsules. The obtained results will serve to comprehend how the dye can be released from the capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Kabalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montané
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de la Química de Catalunya, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia De la Flor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Giamberini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Fan C, Liu Y, Dang M, Liang Y, Feng P, Wei F, Fu L, Xu C, Lin B. Polysaccharides synergistic boosting drug loading for reduction pesticide dosage and improve its efficiency. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 297:120041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Cao J, Li X, Chen L, He M, Lan H. The Developmental Delay of Seedlings With Cotyledons Only Confers Stress Tolerance to Suaeda aralocaspica (Chenopodiaceae) by Unique Performance on Morphology, Physiology, and Gene Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:844430. [PMID: 35734249 PMCID: PMC9208309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.844430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cotyledons play an important role in seedling establishment, although they may just exist for a short time and become senescent upon the emergence of euphylla. So far, the detailed function of cotyledons has not been well understood. Suaeda aralocaspica is an annual halophyte distributed in cold deserts; its cotyledons could exist for a longer time, even last until maturity, and they must exert a unique function in seedling development. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the morphological and physiological performances of cotyledons under salt stress at different developmental stages. The results showed that the cotyledons kept growing slowly to maintain the normal physiological activities of seedlings by balancing phytohormone levels, accumulating osmoprotectants and antioxidants, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Salt stress activated the expression of osmoprotectant-related genes and enhanced the accumulation of related primary metabolites. Furthermore, differentially expressed transcriptional profiles of the cotyledons were also analyzed by cDNA-AFLP to gain an understanding of cotyledons in response to development and salt stress, and the results revealed a progressive increase in the expression level of development-related genes, which accounted for a majority of the total tested TDFs. Meanwhile, key photosynthetic and important salt stress-related genes also actively responded. All these performances suggest that "big cotyledons" are experiencing a delayed but active developmental process, by which S. aralocaspica may survive the harsh condition of the seedling stage.
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Structural Effects of pH Variation and Calcium Amount on the Microencapsulation of Glutathione in Alginate Polymers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5576090. [PMID: 35463991 PMCID: PMC9020975 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5576090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) has a high antioxidant capacity and is present in nearly every cell in the body, playing important roles in nutrient metabolism, antioxidant defense, and regulation of cellular events. Conversely, alginate is a macromolecule that has been widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, biomedical, and textile industries due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, and nonimmunogenicity as well as for its capabilities of retaining water and stabilizing emulsions. The primary goal of this study was to characterize and optimize the formation of a molecular complex of calcium alginate with GSH using a computational approach. As methods, we evaluated the influence of varying the amount of calcium cations at two different pHs on the structural stability of Ca2+-alginate complexes and thus on GSH liberation from these types of nanostructures. The results showed that complex stabilization depends on pH, with the system having a lower Ca2+ amount that produces the major GSH release. The systems at pH 2.5 retain more molecules within the calcium-alginate complex, which release GSH more slowly when embedded in more acidic media. In conclusions, this study demonstrates the dependence of the amount of calcium and the stabilizing effect of pH on the formation and subsequent maintenance of an alginate nanostructure. The results presented in this study can help to develop better methodological frameworks in industries where the release or capture of compounds, such as GSH in this case, depends on the conditions of the alginate nanoparticle.
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Removal of Ochratoxin A from Red Wine Using Alginate-PVA-L. plantarum (APLP) Complexes: A Preliminary Study. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040230. [PMID: 35448839 PMCID: PMC9025537 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in wines is a problem mainly due to the health damage it can cause to frequent drinkers. A method for removing these toxic substances from wine is the use of lactic acid bacteria with mycotoxin-adsorption capacities; however, their use is limited since a matrix in which they can be immobilized, to remove them after use, is needed. In this study, L. plantarum (LP) was encapsulated in a polymeric matrix composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and alginate, forming alginate–PVA–LP (APLP) complexes. Then, these complexes were characterized, and assays of OTA and phenol removal from wines were performed. As a result, it was observed that the APLP complexes at a concentration of 0.5 g mL−1 removed over 50% of the OTA without substantially affecting the concentration of total phenols. In addition, it was determined that the presence of L. plantarum directly affected the ability to adsorb OTA from wines and did not decrease the total phenols. In conclusion, an alginate–PVA matrix allows immobilizing LP, and the complexes formed are an alternative for removing ochratoxin from contaminated wines.
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