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Jiang W, Xu H, Gao Z, Wu Z, Zhao Z, Wang J, Wu Y, Ke H, Mao C, Wan M, Zhou M. Artificial Neutrophils Against Vascular Graft Infection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402768. [PMID: 38874399 PMCID: PMC11321623 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Efficient neutrophil migration to infection sites plays a vital role in the body's defense against bacterial infections and natural immune responses. Neutrophils have a short lifespan and cannot be mass-cultured in vitro. Therefore, developing more stable artificial neutrophils (AN) in a controllable manner has become a research focus. However, existing AN lack chemotaxis, which is the ability to migrate toward high-signal-concentration positions in a dynamic blood- flow environment. Supplying AN with chemotaxis is key to designing AN that are more similar to natural neutrophils in terms of morphology and function. In this study, micrometer-sized, spherical, biocompatible AN are developed. These AN consist of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles encapsulating two enzymes, coacervate droplet frameworks, and outer phospholipid bilayers carrying enzymes. The AN exhibit responsiveness to elevated hydrogen peroxide levels at inflammation sites, actively chemotaxing toward these sites along concentration gradients. They also demonstrate effective combat against Staphylococcus aureus infections. The capabilities of the AN are further validated through in vitro experiments and in vivo evaluations using vascular graft infection models. This study replicates natural neutrophils in terms of chemical composition, functionality, and physiological impact. It introduces new ideas for advancing the development of advanced artificial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCardiovascular centerNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China
| | - Huizi Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Zheng Gao
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCardiovascular centerNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China
| | - Ziyu Wu
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCardiovascular centerNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China
- Institute for Life and HealthNanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Zichun Zhao
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCardiovascular centerNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210008China
| | - Yawen Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Haifeng Ke
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
- Institute for Life and HealthNanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
- Institute for Life and HealthNanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Vascular SurgeryCardiovascular centerNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China
- Institute for Life and HealthNanjing Drum Tower HospitalNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
- Department of Vascular SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210008China
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Banerjee A, Ghosh A, Saha B, Bhadury P, De P. Surface Charge-Switchable Antifouling Block Copolymer with Bacteriostatic Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5314-5325. [PMID: 38408899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers are an emerging family of effective, low-fouling materials that can withstand unintended interactions with biological systems while exhibiting enhanced activity in bacterial matrix deterioration and biofilm eradication. Herein, we modularly synthesized an amphiphilic block copolymer, ZABCP, featuring potential bacteriostatic properties composed of a charge-switchable polyzwitterionic segment and a redox-sensitive pendant disulfide-labeled polymethacrylate block. The leucine-appended polyzwitterionic segment with alternatively positioned cationic amine and anionic carboxylate functionalities undergoes charge alterations (+ve → 0 → -ve) on pH variation. By introducing appropriate amphiphilicity, ZABCP forms distinct vesicles with redox-sensitive bilayer membranes and zwitterionic shielding coronas, enabling switching of surface charge. ZABCP vesicles exhibit 180 ± 20 nm hydrodynamic diameter, and its charge switching behavior in response to pH was confirmed by the change of zeta potential value from -23 to +36 mV. The binding interaction between ZABCP vesicles with lysozyme and pepsin proteins strengthens when the surface charge shifts from neutral (pH 7.4) to either anionic or cationic. This surface-charge-switchable phenomenon paves the way for implementing cationic ZABCP vesicles for bacterial cell growth inhibition, which is shown by the pronounced transition of cellular morphology, including clustering, aggregation, or elongation as well as membrane disruption for both Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). Such enhanced bacteriostatic activity could be ascribed to a strong electrostatic interaction between cationic vesicles and negatively charged bacterial membranes, leading to cell membrane disruption. Overall, this study provides a tailor-made approach to adopt low-fouling properties and potential bacteriostatic activity using zwitterionic polymers through precise control of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Banerjee
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Ghosh
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
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Antropenko A, Caruso F, Fernandez-Trillo P. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides Using Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300123. [PMID: 37449448 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are antibiotics with the potential to address antimicrobial resistance. However, their translation to the clinic is hampered by issues such as off-target toxicity and low stability in biological media. Stimuli-responsive delivery from polyelectrolyte complexes offers a simple avenue to address these limitations, wherein delivery is triggered by changes occurring during microbial infection. The review first provides an overview of pH-responsive delivery, which exploits the intrinsic pH-responsive nature of polyelectrolytes as a mechanism to deliver these antimicrobials. The examples included illustrate the challenges faced when developing these systems, in particular balancing antimicrobial efficacy and stability, and the potential of this approach to prepare switchable surfaces or nanoparticles for intracellular delivery. The review subsequently highlights the use of other stimuli associated with microbial infection, such as the expression of degrading enzymes or changes in temperature. Polyelectrolyte complexes with dual stimuli-response based on pH and temperature are also discussed. Finally, the review presents a summary and an outlook of the challenges and opportunities faced by this field. This review is expected to encourage researchers to develop stimuli-responsive polyelectrolyte complexes that increase the stability of AMPs while providing targeted delivery, and thereby facilitate the translation of these antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Antropenko
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Paco Fernandez-Trillo
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias and Centro de Investigacións Cientı́ficas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
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Blackman LD, Sutherland TD, De Barro PJ, Thissen H, Locock KES. Addressing a future pandemic: how can non-biological complex drugs prepare us for antimicrobial resistance threats? MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2076-2096. [PMID: 35703580 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Loss of effective antibiotics through antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to human health. By 2050, the annual death rate resulting from AMR infections is predicted to have climbed from 1.27 million per annum in 2019, up to 10 million per annum. It is therefore imperative to preserve the effectiveness of both existing and future antibiotics, such that they continue to save lives. One way to conserve the use of existing antibiotics and build further contingency against resistant strains is to develop alternatives. Non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs) are an emerging class of therapeutics that show multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity and hold great promise as next generation antimicrobial agents. We critically outline the focal advancements for each key material class, including antimicrobial polymer materials, carbon nanomaterials, and inorganic nanomaterials, and highlight the potential for the development of antimicrobial resistance against each class. Finally, we outline remaining challenges for their clinical translation, including the need for specific regulatory pathways to be established in order to allow for more efficient clinical approval and adoption of these new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis D Blackman
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Tara D Sutherland
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Clunies Ross Street, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Paul J De Barro
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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A Review of Polymeric Micelles and Their Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122510. [PMID: 35746086 PMCID: PMC9230755 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic units results in micelles (polymeric nanoparticles), where polymer concentrations are above critical micelle concentrations (CMCs). Recently, micelles with metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been utilized in many bio-applications because of their excellent biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, adhesion to biosurfaces, targetability, and longevity. The size of the micelles is in the range of 10 to 100 nm, and different shapes of micelles have been developed for applications. Micelles have been focused recently on bio-applications because of their unique properties, size, shape, and biocompatibility, which enhance drug loading and target release in a controlled manner. This review focused on how CMC has been calculated using various techniques. Further, micelle importance is explained briefly, different types and shapes of micelles are discussed, and further extensions for the application of micelles are addressed. In the summary and outlook, points that need focus in future research on micelles are discussed. This will help researchers in the development of micelles for different applications.
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Sun H, Zhou X, Leng Y, Li X, Du J. Transformation of Amorphous Nanobowls to Crystalline Ellipsoids Induced by Trans-Cis Isomerization of Azobenzene. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200131. [PMID: 35322512 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The stimuli-responsive transition of nanostructures from amorphous to crystalline state is of high interest in polymer science, but is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the transformation of amorphous nanobowls to crystalline ellipsoids triggered by UV induced trans-cis isomerization, using an azobenzene-containing amphiphilic homopolymer (PAzoAA) as building block. The amide bond and azobenzene pendants are introduced to the side chain of PAzoAA to afford hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction, which promotes the formation of nanobowls rather than spherical nanostructures. Upon exposed to UV irradiation, trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene pendants occurs, leading to the increase of hydrophilicity and destruction of π-π interaction, further resulting in the disassembly of the nanobowls. Then the PAzoAA re-assembles to form crystalline ellipsoids instead of amorphous nanostructures when recovered at 70°C without UV light. We further confirm that the high incubation temperature after UV irradiation is critical for the cis-trans transformation and the high mobility of the polymer chains to facilitate the regular rearrangement of azobenzene pendants. Overall, we propose a facile method to achieve the transformation of amorphous nanobowls to crystalline ellipsoids, which may bring new insight into preparation of crystalline nanoparticles using amorphous precursors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Ying Leng
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
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Bellotto O, Semeraro S, Bandiera A, Tramer F, Pavan N, Marchesan S. Polymer Conjugates of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) with d-Amino Acids (d-aa): State of the Art and Future Opportunities. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020446. [PMID: 35214178 PMCID: PMC8879212 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have enjoyed a renaissance, as the world is currently facing an emergency in terms of severe infections that evade antibiotics’ treatment. This is due to the increasing emergence and spread of resistance mechanisms. Covalent conjugation with polymers is an interesting strategy to modulate the pharmacokinetic profile of AMPs and enhance their biocompatibility profile. It can also be an effective approach to develop active coatings for medical implants and devices, and to avoid biofilm formation on their surface. In this concise review, we focus on the last 5 years’ progress in this area, pertaining in particular to AMPs that contain d-amino acids, as well as their role, and the advantages that may arise from their introduction into AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Bellotto
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Sabrina Semeraro
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonella Bandiera
- Life Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (F.T.)
| | - Federica Tramer
- Life Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.B.); (F.T.)
| | - Nicola Pavan
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Parkin H, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Street STG, Hof R, Manners I. Uniform, Length-Tunable Antibacterial 1D Diblock Copolymer Nanofibers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00262k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid increase in antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria has led to an urgent need to develop new methods of treating bacterial infections. Antibacterial polymeric nanoparticles are of interest for...
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Wang Y, Sun H. Polymeric Nanomaterials for Efficient Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2108. [PMID: 34959388 PMCID: PMC8709338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections have threatened the lives of human beings for thousands of years either as major diseases or complications. The elimination of bacterial infections has always occupied a pivotal position in our history. For a long period of time, people were devoted to finding natural antimicrobial agents such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), antibiotics and silver ions or synthetic active antimicrobial substances including antimicrobial peptoids, metal oxides and polymers to combat bacterial infections. However, with the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR), bacterial infection has become one of the most urgent problems worldwide. The efficient delivery of antimicrobial agents to the site of infection precisely is a promising strategy for reducing bacterial resistance. Polymeric nanomaterials have been widely studied as carriers for constructing antimicrobial agent delivery systems and have shown advantages including high biocompatibility, sustained release, targeting and improved bioavailability. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in highly efficient delivery of antimicrobial agents by polymeric nanomaterials such as micelles, vesicles, dendrimers, nanogels, nanofibers and so forth. The biomedical applications of polymeric nanomaterial-based delivery systems in combating MDR bacteria, anti-biofilms, wound healing, tissue engineering and anticancer are demonstrated. Moreover, conclusions and future perspectives are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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