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Mastalygina EE, Aleksanyan KV. Recent Approaches to the Plasticization of Poly(lactic Acid) (PLA) (A Review). Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:87. [PMID: 38201752 PMCID: PMC10781029 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a polyester attracting growing interest every year in different application fields, such as packaging, cosmetics, food, medicine, etc. Despite its significant advantages, it has low elasticity that may hinder further development and a corresponding rise in volume of consumption. This review opens a discussion of basic approaches to PLA plasticization. These considerations include copolymerization and blending with flexible polymers, introducing oligomers and low-molecular additives, as well as structural modification. It was demonstrated that each approach has its advantages, such as simplicity and low cost, but with disadvantages, including complex processing and the need for additional reagents. According to the analysis of different approaches, it was concluded that the optimal option is the application of copolymers as the additives obtained via reactive mixing to PLA and its blends with other polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E. Mastalygina
- Scientific Laboratory “Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies”, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln., Moscow 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kristine V. Aleksanyan
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln., Moscow 117997, Russia
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Fan Z, Gao J, Wu Y, Yin D, Chen S, Tu H, Wei T, Zhang C, Zhu H, Jin H. Highly Enhanced Mechanical, Thermal, and Crystallization Performance of PLA/PBS Composite by Glass Fiber Coupling Agent Modification. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3164. [PMID: 37571058 PMCID: PMC10421074 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the toughness and heat resistance of polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS) was sufficiently blended with PLA as the base matrix, and the glass fiber (GF) that was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KF-GF) was added as the reinforcement. The results demonstrated a noteworthy boost in both mechanical and heat resistance properties when employing KH-GF, in comparison to pristine GF. When the content of KH-GF reached 20%, the tensile, flexural, and IZOD impact strength of the composites were 65.53 MPa, 83.43 MPa, and 7.45 kJ/m2, respectively, which were improved by 123%, 107%, and 189% compared to the base matrix, respectively. This enhancement was primarily attributed to the stronger interfacial adhesion between KH-GF and the PLA/PBS matrix. Furthermore, the Vicat softening temperature of the composites reached 128.7 °C, which was a result of increased crystallinity. In summary, the incorporation of KH-GF into PLA/PBS composites resulted in notable enhancements in their mechanical properties, crystallinity, and thermal characteristics. The high performance KH-GF-reinforced PLA/PBS composite showed a broad application potential in the field of biodegradable packaging, biodegradable textiles, and biodegradable plastic bags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Junchang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Yadong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Dewu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
- Cangnan Research Institute, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shunxing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Hua Tu
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Tiantian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Chaoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Haoxiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
| | - Huile Jin
- Key Laboratory of Leather of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.F.); (H.J.)
- Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Krieg D, Sergeieva O, Jungkind S, Rennert M, Nase M. Influence of E‐beam irradiation on compounds from linear low density polyethylene and thermoplastic vulcanized rubber consisting of a polypropylene and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber phase. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Krieg
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Olena Sergeieva
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Sabine Jungkind
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Mirko Rennert
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Michael Nase
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
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Special Issue "Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Bio-Based Compounds". Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224832. [PMID: 36432959 PMCID: PMC9699230 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global production of plastic is increasing, and plastic represents one of the most popular materials, widespread in countless applications in commercial and industrial fields and everyday life [...].
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Toughening and Heat-Resistant Modification of Degradable PLA/PBS-Based Composites by Using Glass Fiber/Silicon Dioxide Hybrid Fillers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163237. [PMID: 36015493 PMCID: PMC9412549 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, to enhance the toughness and heat resistance properties of polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene succinate (PBS) composites, the PLA/PBS matrix was modified by different glass fiber (GF), GF/SiO2, and GF/(Polyaluminium chloride) PAC fillers. Additionally, the effect of filler type, filler content, components interaction and composite structure on the mechanical and thermal properties of the PLA/PBS composites was researched. The results showed that the addition of GF, GF/SiO2 and GF/PAC make the PLA/PBS composites appear significantly higher mechanical properties compared with the pristine PLA/PBS composite. Among the different inorganic fillers, the 10%GF/1%SiO2 fillers showed excellent strengthening, toughening and heat resistant effects. Compared with the pristine PLA/PBS matrix, the tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and Izod impact strength improved by 36.28%, 70.74%, 67.95%, 66.61% and 135.68%, respectively. Considering the above, when the weight loss rate was 50%, the thermal decomposition temperature of the 10%GF/1%SiO2 modified PLA/PBS composites was the highest 412.83 °C and its Vicat softening point was up to 116.8 °C. In a word, the 10%GF/1%SiO2 reinforced PLA/PBS composites exhibit excellent mechanical and thermal properties, which broadens the application of biodegradable materials in specific scenarios.
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