1
|
Alanazi SF, Alotaibi NM, Alsuhybani M, Alnassar N, Almasoud FI, Almurayshid M. Fabrication, Structural Characterization, and Photon Attenuation Efficiency Investigation of Polymer-Based Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1212. [PMID: 38732681 PMCID: PMC11085732 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Experiments have assessed various polymer composites for radiation shielding in diverse applications. These composites are lighter and non-toxic when compared to lead (Pb), making them particularly effective in diagnostic imaging for shielding against low-energy photons. This study demonstrates the fabrication of four composites by combining a base material, specifically a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer, with 10% and 20% silicon (Si) and silicon carbide (SiC), respectively. Additionally, 5% molybdenum (Mo) was incorporated into the composites as a heavy metal element. The composites obtained were fabricated into 20 disks with a uniform thickness of 2 mm each. Discs were exposed to radiation from a low-energy X-ray source (32.5-64.5 keV). The chemical and physical properties of composites were assessed. The shielding ability of samples was evaluated by determining the linear and mass attenuation coefficients (μ and μm), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), half-value layer (HVL), and mean free path (MFP). According to our findings, supplementing HDPE with additives improved the attenuation of beams. The μm values showed that composite X-ray shielding characteristics were enhanced with filler concentration for both Si and SiC. Polymer composites with micro-molecule fillers shelter X-rays better than polymers, especially at low energy. The HVL and MFB values of the filler are lower than those of the pure HDPE sample, indicating that less thickness is needed to shield at the appropriate energy. HC-20 blocked 92% of the incident beam at 32.5 keV. This study found that increasing the composite sample thickness or polymer filler percentage could shield against low-energy radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitah F. Alanazi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia; (S.F.A.); (N.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Norah M. Alotaibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia; (S.F.A.); (N.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alsuhybani
- Nuclear Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.I.A.)
| | - Nassar Alnassar
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia; (S.F.A.); (N.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Fahad I. Almasoud
- Nuclear Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.I.A.)
- Department of Soil Sciences, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Almurayshid
- Nuclear Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.I.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kilicoglu O, More CV, Kara U, Davraz M. Investigation of the effect of cement type on nuclear shield performance of heavy concrete. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
3
|
Gouda MM, Obeid A, Awad R, Badawi MS. Gamma-ray attenuation parameters of HDPE filled with different nano-size and Bulk WO3. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 197:110790. [PMID: 37037134 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was obtained through a compression molding technique, and incorporated with different filler weight fractions (0, 10, 15, 25, and 35%) of bulk WO3, and two different WO3 nanoparticle sizes (45 nm and 24 nm). The radiation attenuation ability of the new category of polymer composite HDPE/WO3 was evaluated using gamma-ray energies ranging from 59.53 up to 1332.5keV of four radioactive sources 241Am, 133Ba, 137Cs, and 60Co. The mass attenuation coefficients μm, the total molecular cross-section σmol, the effective atomic cross-section σatom, the total electronic cross-section σel, the effective atomic number Zeff, electron density Neff, the half value layer (HVL), the tenth value layer (TVL), and the relaxation length were investigated. The obtained results of the gamma-ray attenuation parameters exhibited an outstanding influence of the size and weight fraction of WO3 filler on the gamma-ray shielding ability of the HDPE composite. A significant improvement was detected at low gamma-ray energies. The HVL of the synthesized HDPE composites is compared with that of pure lead as a conventional shielding material. HDPE composite filled with the smaller size of WO3 nanoparticle shows good improvement in the attenuation parameters, which suggests promising applications in radiation protection and gamma-ray shielding.
Collapse
|
4
|
A study for gamma-ray attenuation performances of barite filled polymer composites. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 191:110568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
5
|
ALMisned G, Zakaly HM, Ali FT, Issa SA, Ene A, Kilic G, Ivanov V, Tekin H. A closer look at the efficiency calibration of LaBr3(Ce) and NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors using MCNPX for various types of nuclear investigations. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10839. [PMID: 36247126 PMCID: PMC9557834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear spectroscopy method has long been used for advanced studies on nuclear physics. In order to decrease costs and increase the efficiency of nuclear radiation investigations, quick and efficient solutions are required. The purpose of this research was to calculate the whole energy peak efficiency values for a range of gamma-ray energies, from 30.973 keV to 1408 keV, at various source-detector distances using the MCNPX Monte Carlo code, which is extensively used in nuclear medicine, industry, and scientific research. As a result, the modeled detectors' full-energy peak efficiencies were calculated and compared to both experimental data and Monte Carlo simulations. Experiment results and prior studies using Monte Carlo simulations were found to be very consistent with these results. The counting efficiency against source-detector distance is then calculated using the modeled detectors. The data we have show that LaBr3(Ce) has outstanding detection properties. This study’s findings might be used to improve the design of detectors for use in wide range of high-tech gamma spectroscopy and nuclear research applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada ALMisned
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M.H. Zakaly
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fatema T. Ali
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of 19 Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shams A.M. Issa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Antoaneta Ene
- INPOLDE Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Corresponding author.
| | - Gokhan Kilic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| | - V. Ivanov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - H.O. Tekin
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Istinye University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Computer Engineering Department, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Particle Loading as a Design Parameter for Composite Radiation Shielding. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Prabhu S, S. G Bubbly, Gudennavar SB. X-Ray and γ-Ray Shielding Efficiency of Polymer Composites: Choice of Fillers, Effect of Loading and Filler Size, Photon Energy and Multifunctionality. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2067867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srilakshmi Prabhu
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Bangalore Central Campus, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S. G Bubbly
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Bangalore Central Campus, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivappa B. Gudennavar
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Bangalore Central Campus, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
ALMisned G, Elshami W, Issa SAM, Susoy G, Zakaly HMH, Algethami M, Rammah YS, Ene A, Al-Ghamdi SA, Ibraheem AA, Tekin HO. Enhancement of Gamma-ray Shielding Properties in Cobalt-Doped Heavy Metal Borate Glasses: The Role of Lanthanum Oxide Reinforcement. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247703. [PMID: 34947296 PMCID: PMC8709049 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The direct influence of La3+ ions on the gamma-ray shielding properties of cobalt-doped heavy metal borate glasses with the chemical formula 0.3CoO-(80-x)B2O3-19.7PbO-xLa2O3: x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mol% was examined herein. Several significant radiation shielding parameters were evaluated. The glass density was increased from 3.11 to 3.36 g/cm3 with increasing La3+ ion content from 0 to 2 mol%. The S5 glass sample, which contained the highest concentration of La3+ ions (2 mol%), had the maximum linear (μ) and mass (μm) attenuation coefficients for all photon energies entering, while the S1 glass sample free of La3+ ions possessed the minimum values of μ and μm. Both the half value layer (T1/2) and tenth value layer (TVL) of all investigated glasses showed a similar trend of (T1/2, TVL)S1 > (T1/2, TVL)S2 > (T1/2, TVL)S3 > (T1/2, TVL)S4 > (T1/2, TVL)S5. Our results revealed that the S5 sample had the highest effective atomic number (Zeff) values over the whole range of gamma-ray energy. S5 had the lowest exposure (EBF) and energy absorption (EABF) build-up factor values across the whole photon energy and penetration depth range. Our findings give a strong indication of the S5 sample’s superior gamma-ray shielding characteristics due to the highest contribution of lanthanum oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada ALMisned
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wiam Elshami
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shams A. M. Issa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.I.); (S.A.A.-G.)
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Gulfem Susoy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey;
| | - Hesham M. H. Zakaly
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence: or (H.M.H.Z.); or (A.E.); (H.O.T.)
| | - Merfat Algethami
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Y. S. Rammah
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32511, Egypt;
| | - Antoaneta Ene
- INPOLDE Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence: or (H.M.H.Z.); or (A.E.); (H.O.T.)
| | - S. A. Al-Ghamdi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.M.I.); (S.A.A.-G.)
| | - Awad A. Ibraheem
- Physics Department, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - H. O. Tekin
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Medical Radiation Research Center (USMERA), Uskudar University, Istanbul 34672, Turkey
- Correspondence: or (H.M.H.Z.); or (A.E.); (H.O.T.)
| |
Collapse
|