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Olkhov AA, Mastalygina EE, Ovchinnikov VA, Kurnosov AS, Popov AA, Iordanskii AL. Biological and Oxidative Degradation of Ultrathin-Fibrous Nonwovens Based on Poly(lactic Acid)/Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) Blends. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097979. [PMID: 37175689 PMCID: PMC10178885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing biodegradable materials based on polymer blends with a programmable self-destruction period in the environmental conditions of living systems is a promising direction in polymer chemistry. In this work, novel non-woven fibrous materials obtained by electrospinning based on the blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were developed. The kinetics of biodegradation was studied in the aquatic environment of the inoculum of soil microorganisms. Oxidative degradation was studied under the ozone gaseous medium. The changes in chemical composition and structure of the materials were studied by optical microscopy, DSC, TGA, and FTIR-spectroscopy. The disappearance of the structural bands of PHB in the IR-spectra of the blends and a significant decrease in the enthalpy of melting after 90 days of exposure in the inoculum indicated the biodegradation of PHB while PLA remained stable. It was shown that the rate of ozonation was higher for PLA and the blends with a high content of PLA. The lower density of the amorphous regions of the blends determined an increased rate of their oxidation by ozone compared to homopolymers. The optimal composition in terms of degradation kinetics is a fibrous material based on the blend of 30PLA/70PHB that can be used as an effective ecosorbent, for biopackaging, and as a highly porous covering material for agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Aleksandrovich Olkhov
- Scientific Laboratory "Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies", Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M. Emanuel, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Evgenyevna Mastalygina
- Scientific Laboratory "Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies", Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M. Emanuel, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Andreevich Ovchinnikov
- Scientific Laboratory "Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies", Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Sergeevich Kurnosov
- Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M. Emanuel, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly Anatolyevich Popov
- Scientific Laboratory "Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies", Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M. Emanuel, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Leonidovich Iordanskii
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
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Myalenko D, Fedotova O. Physical, Mechanical, and Structural Properties of the Polylactide and Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT)-Based Biodegradable Polymer during Compost Storage. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071619. [PMID: 37050232 PMCID: PMC10097148 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, packaging is an integral part of any food product, preserving its quality and safety. The use of biodegradable packaging as an alternative to conventional polymers reduces the consumption of synthetic polymers and their negative impacts on the environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the properties of a biodegradable compound based on polylactide (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT). Test samples were made by blown extrusion. The structural, physical, and mechanical properties of the PLA/PBAT material were studied. The property variations during compost storage in the lab were monitored for 365 days. The physical and mechanical properties were measured in accordance with the GOST 14236-2017 (ISO 527-2:2012) standard. We measured the tensile strength and elongation at rupture. We used attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared microscopy (ATR-FTIR) to analyze the changes in the material structure. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the strengths of a biodegradable material and grade H polyethylene film (manufactured to GOST 10354-82). PLA/PBAT's longitudinal and transverse tensile strengths are 14.08% and 32.59% lower than those of LDPE, respectively. Nevertheless, the results indicate that, given its physical and mechanical properties, the PLA/PBAT material can be an alternative to conventional PE film food packaging. The structural study results are in good agreement with the physical and mechanical tests. Micrographs clearly show the surface deformations of the biodegradable material. They increase with the compost storage duration. The scanning microscopy (SEM) surface analysis of the original PLA/PBAT films indicated that the PLA structure is similar to that of a multilayer shell or sponge, which is visible at medium and especially high magnification. We conclude that PLA/PBAT-based biodegradable materials are potential substitutes for conventional PE polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Myalenko
- All-Russian Dairy Research Institute, Lyusinovskaya Street, 35, 7, 115093 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Fedotova
- All-Russian Dairy Research Institute, Lyusinovskaya Street, 35, 7, 115093 Moscow, Russia
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Natural Degradation: Polymer Degradation under Different Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173595. [PMID: 36080670 PMCID: PMC9459705 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Obermeier F, Karlinger P, Schemme M, Altstädt V. Thermoplastic Hybrid Composites with Wood Fibers: Bond Strength of Back-Injected Structures. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072473. [PMID: 35407806 PMCID: PMC8999410 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their lightweight potential and good eco-balance, thermoplastic hybrid composites with natural fiber reinforcement have long been used in the automotive industry. A good alternative to natural fibers is wood fibers, which have similar properties but are also a single-material solution using domestic raw materials. However, there has been hardly any research into wood fibers in thermoplastic back-injected hybrid composites. This article compares the bond strength of an injection molded rib from polypropylene (PP) and wood fibers to different non-wovens. The non-wovens consisted of wood fibers (spruce) or alternatively natural fibers (kenaf, hemp), both with a polypropylene matrix. Pull-off and instrumented puncture impact tests show that, given similar parameters, the natural and wood-fiber-hybrid composites exhibit very similar trends in bond strength. Further tests using viscosity measurements, microscopy, and computed tomography confirm the results. Wood-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic hybrid composites can thus compete with the natural fiber composites in terms of their mechanical behavior and therefore present a good alternative in technical semi-structural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Obermeier
- Department of Plastics Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany; (P.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-8031-805-2266
| | - Peter Karlinger
- Department of Plastics Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany; (P.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Schemme
- Department of Plastics Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany; (P.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Volker Altstädt
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
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