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Haridevamuthu B, Raj D, Chandran A, Murugan R, Seetharaman S, Dhanaraj M, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, Arockiaraj J. Sustainable food packaging: Harnessing biowaste of Terminalia catappa L. for chitosan-based biodegradable active films for shrimp storage. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121798. [PMID: 38286562 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Shrimp, a globally consumed perishable food, faces rapid deterioration during storage and marketing, causing nutritional and economic losses. With a rising environmental consciousness regarding conventional plastic packaging, consumers seek sustainable options. Utilizing natural waste resources for packaging films strengthens the food industry. In this context, we aim to create chitosan-based active films by incorporating Terminalia catappa L. leaves extract (TCE) to enhance barrier properties and extend shrimp shelf life under refrigeration. Incorporation of TCE improves mechanical, microstructural, UV, and moisture barrier properties of the chitosan film due to cross-linking interactions, resulting in robust, foldable packaging film. Active TCE film exhibits high antioxidant property due to polyphenols. These films also exhibited low wettability and showed hydrophobicity than neat CH films which is essential for meat packaging. These biodegradable films offer an eco-friendly end-of-life option when buried in soil. TCE-loaded films effectively control spoilage organisms, prevent biochemical spoilage, and maintain shrimp freshness compared to neat CH films during refrigerated condition. The active TCE film retains sensory attributes better than neat chitosan, aligning with consumer preference. The developed edible and active film from waste sources might offer sustainable, alternative packaging material with a lower carbon footprint than petroleum-based sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Haridevamuthu
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - David Raj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhirami Chandran
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghul Murugan
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Seetharaman
- Foundation for Aquaculture Innovations and Technology Transfer (FAITT), Kumaran Kudil, Thoraipakkam, Chennai 600097, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Dhanaraj
- Foundation for Aquaculture Innovations and Technology Transfer (FAITT), Kumaran Kudil, Thoraipakkam, Chennai 600097, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Šárka E, Sinica A, Smrčková P, Sluková M. Non-Traditional Starches, Their Properties, and Applications. Foods 2023; 12:3794. [PMID: 37893687 PMCID: PMC10606120 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review paper focuses on the recent advancements in the large-scale and laboratory-scale isolation, modification, and characterization of novel starches from accessible botanical sources and food wastes. When creating a new starch product, one should consider the different physicochemical changes that may occur. These changes include the course of gelatinization, the formation of starch-lipids and starch-protein complexes, and the origin of resistant starch (RS). This paper informs about the properties of individual starches, including their chemical structure, the size and crystallinity of starch granules, their thermal and pasting properties, their swelling power, and their digestibility; in particular, small starch granules showed unique properties. They can be utilized as fat substitutes in frozen desserts or mayonnaises, in custard due to their smooth texture, in non-food applications in biodegradable plastics, or as adsorbents. The low onset temperature of gelatinization (detected by DSC in acorn starch) is associated with the costs of the industrial processes in terms of energy and time. Starch plays a crucial role in the food industry as a thickening agent. Starches obtained from ulluco, winter squash, bean, pumpkin, quinoa, and sweet potato demonstrate a high peak viscosity (PV), while waxy rice and ginger starches have a low PV. The other analytical methods in the paper include laser diffraction, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopies. Native, "clean-label" starches from new sources could replace chemically modified starches due to their properties being similar to common commercially modified ones. Human populations, especially in developed countries, suffer from obesity and civilization diseases, a reduction in which would be possible with the help of low-digestible starches. Starch with a high RS content was discovered in gelatinized lily (>50%) and unripe plantains (>25%), while cooked lily starch retained low levels of rapidly digestible starch (20%). Starch from gorgon nut processed at high temperatures has a high proportion of slowly digestible starch. Therefore, one can include these types of starches in a nutritious diet. Interesting industrial materials based on non-traditional starches include biodegradable composites, edible films, and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evžen Šárka
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (P.S.); (M.S.)
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Daza LD, Montealegre MÁ, Sandoval Aldana A, Obando M, Váquiro HA, Eim VS, Simal S. Effect of Essential Oils from Lemongrass and Tahiti Lime Residues on the Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan-Based Biodegradable Films. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091824. [PMID: 37174362 PMCID: PMC10178476 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the impact of adding two essential oils (EO) from lemongrass (LEO) and Tahiti lime (TLEO) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of chitosan-based biodegradable films. Six film formulations were prepared: two controls with chitosan concentrations of 1% and 1.5% v/w, two formulations combining the two chitosan concentrations with 1% LEO v/v, and two formulations combining the two chitosan concentrations with 1% TLEO v/v. The films' morphological, water affinity, barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties were evaluated. The films' surface showed a heterogeneous morphology without cracks, whereas the cross-section showed a porous-like structure. Adding EO to the films promoted a 35-50% decrease in crystallinity, which was associated with an increase in the elasticity (16-35%) and a decrease in the tensile strength (9.3-29.2 MPa) and Young's modulus (190-1555 MPa) on the films. Regarding the optical properties, the opacity of the films with TLEO increased up to 500% and 439% for chitosan concentrations of 1% and 1.5%, respectively. While the increase in opacity for the films prepared with LEO was 357% and 187%, the reduction in crystallinity also reduced the resistance of the films to thermal processes, which could be explained by the reduction in the enthalpy of fusion. The thermal degradation of the films using TLEO was higher than those where LEO was used. These results were indicative of the great potential of using TLEO and LEO in biodegradable films. Likewise, this work showed an alternative for adding value to the cultivation of Tahiti lime due to the use of its residues, which is in accordance with the circular economy model. However, it was necessary to deepen the study and the use of these essential oils in the preparation of biodegradable films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Daza
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Miguel Ángel Montealegre
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Angélica Sandoval Aldana
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Mónica Obando
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Henry Alexander Váquiro
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Valeria Soledad Eim
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Susana Simal
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Daza LD, Parra DO, Rosselló C, Arango WM, Eim VS, Váquiro HA. Influence of Ulluco Starch Modified by Annealing on the Physicochemical Properties of Biodegradable Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204251. [PMID: 36297829 PMCID: PMC9610937 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the use of annealing (ANN) ulluco starch in the preparation of biodegradable films and its impact on the physicochemical properties of the materials. Three film samples (FS1, FS2, and FS3) were prepared at a fixed starch concentration (2.6% w/v) using glycerol as a plasticizer and then compared to a control sample (FSC) prepared with native ulluco starch. The physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the films were evaluated. The use of ANN starch decreased the solubility (from 21.8% to 19.5%) and the swelling power (from 299% to 153%) of the film samples. In addition, an increase in opacity and relative crystallinity (from 7.54% to 10.5%) were observed. Regarding the thermal properties, all the samples presented high stability to degradation, with degradation temperatures above 200 °C. However, the samples showed deficiencies in their morphology, which affected the barrier properties. The use of ANN starch has some advantages over native starch in preparing films. However, more analysis is needed to improve the barrier properties of the materials. This work reveals the potential of the ANN ulluco starch for biodegradable film preparation. In addition, the use of modified ulluco starch is an alternative to add value to the crop, as well as to replace non-biodegradable materials used in the preparation of packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Daza
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
- Correspondence: (L.D.D.); (H.A.V.)
| | - Daniela O. Parra
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Carmen Rosselló
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Walter Murillo Arango
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
| | - Valeria Soledad Eim
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Henry Alexander Váquiro
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006, Colombia
- Correspondence: (L.D.D.); (H.A.V.)
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Pico C, De la Vega J, Tubón I, Arancibia M, Casado S. Nanoscopic Characterization of Starch Biofilms Extracted from the Andean Tubers Ullucus tuberosus, Tropaeolum tuberosum, Oxalis tuberosa, and Solanum tuberosum. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194116. [PMID: 36236064 PMCID: PMC9573434 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The replacement of synthetic polymers by starch biofilms entails a significant potentiality. They are non-toxic materials, biodegradable, and relatively easy to gather from several sources. However, various applications may require physicochemical properties that might prevent the use of some types of starch biofilms. Causes should be explored at the nanoscale. Here we present an atomic force microscopy surface analysis of starch biofilms extracted from the Andean tubers melloco (Ullucus tuberosus), mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) and relate the results to the macroscopic effects of moisture content, water activity, total soluble matter, water vapor permeability, elastic properties, opacity and IR absorption. Characterization reveals important differences at the nanoscale between the starch-based biofilms examined. Comparison permitted correlating macroscopic properties observed to the topography and tapping phase contrast segregation at the nanoscale. For instance, those samples presenting granular topography and disconnected phases at the nanoscale are associated with less elastic strength and more water molecule affinity. As an application example, we propose using the starch biofilms developed as a matrix to dispose of mouthwash and discover that melloco films are quite appropriate for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Pico
- Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador
| | | | - Irvin Tubón
- Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador
| | - Mirari Arancibia
- Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador
- Isabrubotanik S.A., Ambato 180150, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Casado
- Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato 180207, Ecuador
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-2400987 (ext. 5509)
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