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Quigley RM, Kearney M, Kennedy OD, Duncan HF. Tissue engineering approaches for dental pulp regeneration: The development of novel bioactive materials using pharmacological epigenetic inhibitors. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:182-211. [PMID: 38966600 PMCID: PMC11223092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The drive for minimally invasive endodontic treatment strategies has shifted focus from technically complex and destructive root canal treatments towards more conservative vital pulp treatment. However, novel approaches to maintaining dental pulp vitality after disease or trauma will require the development of innovative, biologically-driven regenerative medicine strategies. For example, cell-homing and cell-based therapies have recently been developed in vitro and trialled in preclinical models to study dental pulp regeneration. These approaches utilise natural and synthetic scaffolds that can deliver a range of bioactive pharmacological epigenetic modulators (HDACis, DNMTis, and ncRNAs), which are cost-effective and easily applied to stimulate pulp tissue regrowth. Unfortunately, many biological factors hinder the clinical development of regenerative therapies, including a lack of blood supply and poor infection control in the necrotic root canal system. Additional challenges include a need for clinically relevant models and manufacturing challenges such as scalability, cost concerns, and regulatory issues. This review will describe the current state of bioactive-biomaterial/scaffold-based engineering strategies to stimulate dentine-pulp regeneration, explicitly focusing on epigenetic modulators and therapeutic pharmacological inhibition. It will highlight the components of dental pulp regenerative approaches, describe their current limitations, and offer suggestions for the effective translation of novel epigenetic-laden bioactive materials for innovative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross M. Quigley
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michaela Kearney
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oran D. Kennedy
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE) and the Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), University of Dublin, Lincoln Place, Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE) and the Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Li XL, Fan W, Fan B. Dental pulp regeneration strategies: A review of status quo and recent advances. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:258-275. [PMID: 38745589 PMCID: PMC11090883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms, physical factors such as temperature or mechanical injury, and chemical factors such as free monomers from composite resin are the main causes of dental pulp diseases. Current clinical treatment methods for pulp diseases include the root canal therapy, vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic therapy. Regenerative endodontic therapy serves the purpose of inducing the regeneration of new functional pulp tissues through autologous revascularization or pulp tissue engineering. This article first discusses the current clinical methods and reviews strategies as well as the research outcomes regarding the pulp regeneration. Then the in vivo models, the prospects and challenges for regenerative endodontic therapy were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lu Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
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3
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Esmaeili J, Jalise SZ, Pisani S, Rochefort GY, Ghobadinezhad F, Mirzaei Z, Mohammed RUR, Fathi M, Tebyani A, Nejad ZM. Development and characterization of Polycaprolactone/chitosan-based scaffolds for tissue engineering of various organs: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132941. [PMID: 38848842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Research in creating 3D structures mirroring the extracellular matrix (ECM) with accurate environmental cues holds paramount significance in biological applications.Biomaterials that replicate ECM properties-mechanical, physicochemical, and biological-emerge as pivotal tools in mimicking ECM behavior.Incorporating synthetic and natural biomaterials is widely used to produce scaffolds suitable for the intended organs.Polycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic biomaterial, boasts commendable mechanical properties, albeit with relatively modest biological attributes due to its hydrophobic nature.Chitosan (CTS) exhibits strong biological traits but lacks mechanical resilience for complex tissue regeneration.Notably, both PCL and CTS have demonstrated their application in tissue engineering for diverse types of tissues.Their combination across varying PCL:CTS ratios has increased the likelihood of fabricating scaffolds to address defects in sturdy and pliable tissues.This comprehensive analysis aspires to accentuate their distinct attributes within tissue engineering across different organs.The central focus resides in the role of PCL:CTS-based scaffolds, elucidating their contribution to the evolution of advanced functional 3D frameworks tailored for tissue engineering across diverse organs.Moreover, this discourse delves into the considerations pertinent to each organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran, Iran; Tissue Engineering Hub (TEHUB), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeedeh Zare Jalise
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Silvia Pisani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaël Y Rochefort
- Bioengineering Biomodulation and Imaging of the Orofacial Sphere, 2BIOS, faculty of dentistry, tours university, France; UMR 1253, iBrain, Tours University, France
| | | | - Zeynab Mirzaei
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative Microscopy e.V.INAM, Forchheim, Germany
| | | | - Mehdi Fathi
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amir Tebyani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mousavi Nejad
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland; Centre for medical engineering research, school of mechanical and manufacturing engineering, Dublin city university, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland
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Kim YR, Yun EB, Ryu DI, Kim BH, Kim JS, Kim YS, Kang JH, Cho EH, Koh JT, Lim HP, Park C, Lee BN. The potential bone regeneration effects of leptin- and osteolectin-coated 3D-printed PCL scaffolds: an in vivostudy. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045008. [PMID: 38688311 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad45d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of bone regeneration upon the application of leptin and osteolectin to a three-dimensional (3D) printed poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold. A fused deposition modeling 3D bioprinter was used to fabricate scaffolds with a diameter of 4.5 mm, a height of 0.5 mm, and a pore size of 420-520 nm using PCL (molecular weight: 43 000). After amination of the scaffold surface for leptin and osteolectin adhesion, the experimental groups were divided into the PCL scaffold (control), the aminated PCL (PCL/Amine) scaffold, the leptin-coated PCL (PCL/Leptin) scaffold, and the osteolectin-coated PCL (PCL/Osteo) scaffold. Next, the water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 (WST-1) assay was used to assess cell viability. All groups exhibited cell viability rates of >100%. Female 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used forin vivoexperiments. Calvarial defects were introduced on the rats' skulls using a 5.5 mm trephine bur. The rats were divided into the PCL (control), PCL/Leptin, and PCL/Osteo scaffold groups. The scaffolds were then inserted into the calvarial defect areas, and the rats were sacrificed after 8-weeks to analyze the defect area. Micro-CT analysis indicated that the leptin- and osteolectin-coated scaffolds exhibited significantly higher bone regeneration. Histological analysis revealed new bone and blood vessels in the calvarial defect area. These findings indicate that the 3D-printed PCL scaffold allows for patient-customized fabrication as well as the easy application of proteins like leptin and osteolectin. Moreover, leptin and osteolectin did not show cytotoxicity and exhibited higher bone regeneration potential than the existing scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ran Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Byeol Yun
- College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dam-In Ryu
- College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Seon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Seul Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Kang
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hyo Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Khorsandi D, Rezayat D, Sezen S, Ferrao R, Khosravi A, Zarepour A, Khorsandi M, Hashemian M, Iravani S, Zarrabi A. Application of 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D bioprinting in cancer research: what does the future look like? J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4584-4612. [PMID: 38686396 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00310a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The application of three- and four-dimensional (3D/4D) printing in cancer research represents a significant advancement in understanding and addressing the complexities of cancer biology. 3D/4D materials provide more physiologically relevant environments compared to traditional two-dimensional models, allowing for a more accurate representation of the tumor microenvironment that enables researchers to study tumor progression, drug responses, and interactions with surrounding tissues under conditions similar to in vivo conditions. The dynamic nature of 4D materials introduces the element of time, allowing for the observation of temporal changes in cancer behavior and response to therapeutic interventions. The use of 3D/4D printing in cancer research holds great promise for advancing our understanding of the disease and improving the translation of preclinical findings to clinical applications. Accordingly, this review aims to briefly discuss 3D and 4D printing and their advantages and limitations in the field of cancer. Moreover, new techniques such as 5D/6D printing and artificial intelligence (AI) are also introduced as methods that could be used to overcome the limitations of 3D/4D printing and opened promising ways for the fast and precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Dorsa Rezayat
- Center for Global Design and Manufacturing, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Serap Sezen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956 Istanbul, Türkiye
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Rafaela Ferrao
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- University of Coimbra, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Portugal
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Türkiye
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
| | - Melika Khorsandi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye.
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
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6
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Guo X, Li J, Wu Y, Xu L. Recent advancements in hydrogels as novel tissue engineering scaffolds for dental pulp regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130708. [PMID: 38460622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Although conventional root canal treatment offers an effective therapeutic solution, it negatively affects the viability of the affected tooth. In recent years, pulp regeneration technology has emerged as a novel method for treating irreversible pulpitis due to its ability to maintain tooth vitality. The successful implementation of this technique depends on scaffolds and transplantation of exogenous stem cells or recruitment of endogenous stem cells. Accordingly, the three-dimensional structure and viscoelastic characteristics of hydrogel scaffolds, which parallel those of the extracellular matrix, have generated considerable interest. Furthermore, hydrogels support the controlled release of regenerative drugs and to load a wide variety of bioactive molecules. By integrating antibacterial agents into the hydrogel matrix and stimulating an immune response, root canal disinfection can be significantly improved and the rate of pulp regeneration can be accelerated. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical applications of hydrogels that have been reported in the last 5 years, and offer a comprehensive summary of the different approaches that have been utilized for the optimization of hydrogel scaffolds for pulp regeneration. Advancements and challenges in pulp regeneration using hydrogels treating aged teeth are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Guo
- Xiangya Shool of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Laijun Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China.
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7
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Zhao F, Zhang Z, Guo W. The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1356580. [PMID: 38456006 PMCID: PMC10917914 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1356580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss or damage poses great threaten to oral and general health. While contemporary clinical treatments have enabled tooth restoration to a certain extent, achieving functional tooth regeneration remains a challenging task due to the intricate and hierarchically organized architecture of teeth. The past few decades have seen a rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, which has provided new breakthroughs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry. This review outlined the bioactive materials and stem/progenitor cells used in dental regeneration, summarized recent advancements in the application of 3D printing technology for tooth and tooth-supporting tissue regeneration, including dental pulp, dentin, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and so on. It also discussed current obstacles and potential future directions, aiming to inspire innovative ideas and encourage further development in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Chen H, Xue H, Zeng H, Dai M, Tang C, Liu L. 3D printed scaffolds based on hyaluronic acid bioinks for tissue engineering: a review. Biomater Res 2023; 27:137. [PMID: 38142273 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely distributed in human connective tissue, and its unique biological and physicochemical properties and ability to facilitate biological structure repair make it a promising candidate for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting in the field of tissue regeneration and biomedical engineering. Moreover, HA is an ideal raw material for bioinks in tissue engineering because of its histocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, biodegradability, anti-inflammatory properties, anti-angiogenic properties, and modifiability. Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field focusing on in vitro reconstructions of mammalian tissues, such as cartilage tissue engineering, neural tissue engineering, skin tissue engineering, and other areas that require further clinical applications. In this review, we first describe the modification methods, cross-linking methods, and bioprinting strategies for HA and its derivatives as bioinks and then critically discuss the strengths, shortcomings, and feasibility of each method. Subsequently, we reviewed the practical clinical applications and outcomes of HA bioink in 3D bioprinting. Finally, we describe the challenges and opportunities in the development of HA bioink to provide further research references and insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, 750004, China
- Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huaqian Xue
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Huanxuan Zeng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
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Kim S, Hwangbo H, Chae S, Lee H. Biopolymers and Their Application in Bioprinting Processes for Dental Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2118. [PMID: 37631331 PMCID: PMC10457894 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental tissues are composed of multiple tissues with complex organization, such as dentin, gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. These tissues have different mechanical and biological properties that are essential for their functions. Therefore, dental diseases and injuries pose significant challenges for restorative dentistry, as they require innovative strategies to regenerate damaged or missing dental tissues. Biomimetic bioconstructs that can effectively integrate with native tissues and restore their functionalities are desirable for dental tissue regeneration. However, fabricating such bioconstructs is challenging due to the diversity and complexity of dental tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in polymer-based tissue engineering and three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies for dental tissue regeneration. It also discusses the current state-of-the-art, focusing on key techniques, such as polymeric biomaterials and 3D printing with or without cells, used in tissue engineering for dental tissues. Moreover, the final section of this paper identifies the challenges and future directions of this promising research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhon Kim
- Barun Plant Orthodontics and Dental Clinic, Seongnam 13312, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hanjun Hwangbo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
| | - SooJung Chae
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Hyeongjin Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.H.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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10
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Bryła J, Martowicz A, Petko M, Gac K, Kobus K, Kowalski A. Wear Analysis of 3D-Printed Spur and Herringbone Gears Used in Automated Retail Kiosks Based on Computer Vision and Statistical Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5554. [PMID: 37629844 PMCID: PMC10456592 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on a wear evaluation conducted for prototype spur and herringbone gears made from PET-G filament using additive manufacturing. The main objective of this study is to verify if 3D-printed gears can be considered a reliable choice for long-term exploitation in selected mechanical systems, specifically automated retail kiosks. For this reason, two methods were applied, utilizing: (1) vision-based inspection of the gears' cross-sectional geometry and (2) the statistical characterization of the selected kinematic parameters and torques generated by drives. The former method involves destructive testing and allows for identification of the gears' operation-induced geometric shape evolution, whereas the latter method focuses on searching for nondestructive kinematic and torque-based indicators, which allow tracking of the wear. The novel contribution presented in this paper is the conceptual and experimental application of the identification of the changes of 3D-printed parts' geometric properties resulting from wear. The inspected exploited and non-exploited 3D-printed parts underwent encasing in resin and a curing process, followed by cutting in a specific plane to reveal the desired shapes, before finally being subjected to a vision-based geometric characterization. The authors have experimentally demonstrated, in real industrial conditions, on batch production parts, the usefulness of the presented destructive testing technique providing valid indices for wear identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Bryła
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Adam Martowicz
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Maciej Petko
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | - Konrad Gac
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.G.)
| | | | - Artur Kowalski
- Delfin Sp. z o. o. Sp. k., Ul. Oświęcimska 52, 32-651 Nowa Wieś, Poland;
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11
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He L, Yin J, Gao X. Additive Manufacturing of Bioactive Glass and Its Polymer Composites as Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: A Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:672. [PMID: 37370603 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) and its polymer composites have demonstrated great potential as scaffolds for bone defect healing. Nonetheless, processing these materials into complex geometry to achieve either anatomy-fitting designs or the desired degradation behavior remains challenging. Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the fabrication of BG and BG/polymer objects with well-defined shapes and intricate porous structures. This work reviewed the recent advancements made in the AM of BG and BG/polymer composite scaffolds intended for bone tissue engineering. A literature search was performed using the Scopus database to include publications relevant to this topic. The properties of BG based on different inorganic glass formers, as well as BG/polymer composites, are first introduced. Melt extrusion, direct ink writing, powder bed fusion, and vat photopolymerization are AM technologies that are compatible with BG or BG/polymer processing and were reviewed in terms of their recent advances. The value of AM in the fabrication of BG or BG/polymer composites lies in its ability to produce scaffolds with patient-specific designs and the on-demand spatial distribution of biomaterials, both contributing to effective bone defect healing, as demonstrated by in vivo studies. Based on the relationships among structure, physiochemical properties, and biological function, AM-fabricated BG or BG/polymer composite scaffolds are valuable for achieving safer and more efficient bone defect healing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe He
- Center for Medical and Engineering Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Jun Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
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12
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Johnston A, Callanan A. Recent Methods for Modifying Mechanical Properties of Tissue-Engineered Scaffolds for Clinical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020205. [PMID: 37218791 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited regenerative capacity of the human body, in conjunction with a shortage of healthy autologous tissue, has created an urgent need for alternative grafting materials. A potential solution is a tissue-engineered graft, a construct which supports and integrates with host tissue. One of the key challenges in fabricating a tissue-engineered graft is achieving mechanical compatibility with the graft site; a disparity in these properties can shape the behaviour of the surrounding native tissue, contributing to the likelihood of graft failure. The purpose of this review is to examine the means by which researchers have altered the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered constructs via hybrid material usage, multi-layer scaffold designs, and surface modifications. A subset of these studies which has investigated the function of their constructs in vivo is also presented, followed by an examination of various tissue-engineered designs which have been clinically translated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Johnston
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK
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13
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Li G, Xu Z, Yang M, Ning Y, Ye L, Jiang H, Du Y. Topographic Cues of a PLGA Scaffold Promote Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through the YAP/β-Catenin Signaling Axis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1598-1607. [PMID: 36861954 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The underlying mechanism of how topographic cues of artificial scaffolds regulate cell function remains poorly understood. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and β-catenin signaling have both been reported to play important roles in mechano-transduction and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) differentiation. We investigated the effects of YAP and β-catenin in spontaneous odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs induced by topographic cues of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) membrane. METHODS The topographic cues and function of a fabricated PLGA scaffold were explored via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), alizarin red staining (ARS), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and pulp capping. Immunohistochemistry (IF), RT-PCR, and western blotting (WB) were used to observe the activation of YAP and β-catenin when DPSCs were cultured on the scaffolds. Further, YAP was inhibited or overexpressed on either side of the PLGA membrane, and YAP, β-catenin, and odontogenic marker expression were analyzed using IF, ARS, and WB. RESULTS The closed side of the PLGA scaffold promoted spontaneous odontogenic differentiation and nuclear translocation of YAP and β-catenin in vitro and in vivo compared to the open side. The YAP antagonist verteporfin inhibited β-catenin expression, nuclear translocation, and odontogenic differentiation on the closed side, but the effects were rescued by LiCl. YAP overexpressing DPSCs on the open side activated β-catenin signaling and promoted odontogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION The topographic cue of our PLGA scaffold promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and pulp tissue through the YAP/β-catenin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqing Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Maobin Yang
- Regenerative Health Research Laboratory, Department of Endodontology, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Yang Ning
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Ye
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Du
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510055, Guangdong, China
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14
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Klabukov I, Tenchurin T, Shepelev A, Baranovskii D, Mamagulashvili V, Dyuzheva T, Krasilnikova O, Balyasin M, Lyundup A, Krasheninnikov M, Sulina Y, Gomzyak V, Krasheninnikov S, Buzin A, Zayratyants G, Yakimova A, Demchenko A, Ivanov S, Shegay P, Kaprin A, Chvalun S. Biomechanical Behaviors and Degradation Properties of Multilayered Polymer Scaffolds: The Phase Space Method for Bile Duct Design and Bioengineering. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030745. [PMID: 36979723 PMCID: PMC10044742 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reports the electrospinning technique for the manufacturing of multilayered scaffolds for bile duct tissue engineering based on an inner layer of polycaprolactone (PCL) and an outer layer either of a copolymer of D,L-lactide and glycolide (PLGA) or a copolymer of L-lactide and ε-caprolactone (PLCL). A study of the degradation properties of separate polymers showed that flat PCL samples exhibited the highest resistance to hydrolysis in comparison with PLGA and PLCL. Irrespective of the liquid-phase nature, no significant mass loss of PCL samples was found in 140 days of incubation. The PLCL- and PLGA-based flat samples were more prone to hydrolysis within the same period of time, which was confirmed by the increased loss of mass and a significant reduction of weight-average molecular mass. The study of the mechanical properties of developed multi-layered tubular scaffolds revealed that their strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions was comparable with the values measured for a decellularized bile duct. The strength of three-layered scaffolds declined significantly because of the active degradation of the outer layer made of PLGA. The strength of scaffolds with the PLCL outer layer deteriorated much less with time, both in the axial (p-value = 0.0016) and radial (p-value = 0.0022) directions. A novel method for assessment of the physiological relevance of synthetic scaffolds was developed and named the phase space approach for assessment of physiological relevance. Two-dimensional phase space (elongation modulus and tensile strength) was used for the assessment and visualization of the physiological relevance of scaffolds for bile duct bioengineering. In conclusion, the design of scaffolds for the creation of physiologically relevant tissue-engineered bile ducts should be based not only on biodegradation properties but also on the biomechanical time-related behavior of various compositions of polymers and copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Klabukov
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Obninsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Timur Tenchurin
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Shepelev
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Baranovskii
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vissarion Mamagulashvili
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Dyuzheva
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Krasilnikova
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Maksim Balyasin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technologies, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lyundup
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technologies, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- N.P. Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Krasheninnikov
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Cellular Technologies, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Russian Technological University MIREA, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana Sulina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Gomzyak
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Krasheninnikov
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Buzin
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of the Structure of Polymer Materials, Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials RAS, 117393 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgiy Zayratyants
- Department of Pathology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya st., 20, p. 1, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Yakimova
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Anna Demchenko
- N.P. Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Peter Shegay
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kaprin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Chvalun
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of the Structure of Polymer Materials, Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials RAS, 117393 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Adhikari J, Roy A, Chanda A, D A G, Thomas S, Ghosh M, Kim J, Saha P. Effects of surface patterning and topography on the cellular functions of tissue engineered scaffolds with special reference to 3D bioprinting. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1236-1269. [PMID: 36644788 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tissue organ exhibits a topography from the nano to micrometer range, and the design of scaffolds has been inspired by the host environment. Modern bioprinting aims to replicate the host tissue environment to mimic the native physiological functions. A detailed discussion on the topographical features controlling cell attachment, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and the effect of geometrical design on the wettability and mechanical properties of the scaffold are presented in this review. Moreover, geometrical pattern-mediated stiffness and pore arrangement variations for guiding cell functions have also been discussed. This review also covers the application of designed patterns, gradients, or topographic modulation on 3D bioprinted structures in fabricating the anisotropic features. Finally, this review accounts for the tissue-specific requirements that can be adopted for topography-motivated enhancement of cellular functions during the fabrication process with a special thrust on bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Adhikari
- School of Advanced Materials, Green Energy and Sensor Systems, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Avinava Roy
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Amit Chanda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Gouripriya D A
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, West Bengal 700091, India.
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Chemical Sciences, MG University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Manojit Ghosh
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Jinku Kim
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 30016, South Korea.
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, West Bengal 700091, India.
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16
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Ostrovidov S, Ramalingam M, Bae H, Orive G, Fujie T, Shi X, Kaji H. Bioprinting and biomaterials for dental alveolar tissue regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:991821. [PMID: 37122863 PMCID: PMC10140526 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.991821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a powerful tool, that was recently applied to tissue engineering. This technique allows the precise deposition of cells encapsulated in supportive bioinks to fabricate complex scaffolds, which are used to repair targeted tissues. Here, we review the recent developments in the application of 3D bioprinting to dental tissue engineering. These tissues, including teeth, periodontal ligament, alveolar bones, and dental pulp, present cell types and mechanical properties with great heterogeneity, which is challenging to reproduce in vitro. After highlighting the different bioprinting methods used in regenerative dentistry, we reviewed the great variety of bioink formulations and their effects on cells, which have been established to support the development of these tissues. We discussed the different advances achieved in the fabrication of each dental tissue to provide an overview of the current state of the methods. We conclude with the remaining challenges and future needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ostrovidov
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Hojae Bae
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Living System Materialogy (LiSM) Reseach Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xuetao Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hirokazu Kaji,
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17
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Fan D, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Guo H, Cai Y, Song R, Wang X, Wang W. 3D printing of bone and cartilage with polymer materials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1044726. [PMID: 36561347 PMCID: PMC9763290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1044726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage and degeneration to bone and articular cartilage are the leading causes of musculoskeletal disability. Commonly used clinical and surgical methods include autologous/allogeneic bone and cartilage transplantation, vascularized bone transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation, mosaicplasty, and joint replacement. 3D bio printing technology to construct implants by layer-by-layer printing of biological materials, living cells, and other biologically active substances in vitro, which is expected to replace the repair mentioned above methods. Researchers use cells and biomedical materials as discrete materials. 3D bio printing has largely solved the problem of insufficient organ donors with the ability to prepare different organs and tissue structures. This paper mainly discusses the application of polymer materials, bio printing cell selection, and its application in bone and cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyang Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Additive Manufacturing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiming Cai
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruipeng Song
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weidong Wang, ; Xing Wang,
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weidong Wang, ; Xing Wang,
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18
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Novel 3D-Printed Dressings of Chitosan-Vanillin-Modified Chitosan Blends Loaded with Fluticasone Propionate for Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091966. [PMID: 36145714 PMCID: PMC9503579 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the blends of CS and Vanillin-CS derivative (VACS) were utilized for the preparation of printable inks for their application in three-dimensional (3D) printing procedures. Despite the synergic interaction between the blends, the addition of ι-carrageenan (iCR) as a thickening agent was mandatory. Their viscosity analysis was conducted for the evaluation of the optimum CS/VACS ratio. The shear thinning behavior along with the effect of the temperature on viscosity values were evident. Further characterization of the 3D-printed structures was conducted. The effect of the CS/VACS ratio was established through swelling and contact angle measurements. An increasing amount of VACS resulted in lower swelling ability along with higher hydrophobicity. Fluticasone propionate (FLU), a crystalline synthetic corticosteroid, was loaded into the CS/VACS samples. The drug was loaded in its amorphous state, and consequently, its in vitro release was significantly enhanced. An initial burst release, followed by a sustained release profile, was observed.
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19
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Tyramine-Functionalized Alginate-Collagen Hybrid Hydrogel Inks for 3D-Bioprinting. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153173. [PMID: 35956690 PMCID: PMC9371113 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrusion-based 3D-bioprinting using hydrogels has exhibited potential in precision medicine; however, researchers are beset with several challenges. A major challenge of this technique is the production of constructs with sufficient height and fidelity to support cellular behavior in vivo. In this study, we present the 3D-bioprinting of cylindrical constructs with tunable gelation kinetics by controlling the covalent crosslinking density and gelation time of a tyramine-functionalized alginate hydrogel (ALG-TYR) via enzymatic reaction by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The extruded filament was crosslinked for a second time on a support bath containing H2O2 to increase fidelity after printing. The resulting tubular construct, with a height of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm, retained its mechanical properties and had a maximum 2-fold swelling after 2 d. Furthermore, collagen (COL) was introduced into the ALG-TYR hydrogel network to increase the mechanical modulus and cell cytocompatibility, as the encapsulated fibroblast cells exhibited a higher cell viability in the ALG-TYR/COL construct (92.13 ± 0.70%) than in ALG-TYR alone (68.18 ± 3.73%). In summary, a vascular ECM-mimicking scaffold was 3D-bioprinted with the ALG-TYR/COL hybrid hydrogel, and this scaffold can support tissue growth for clinical translation in regenerative and personalized medicine.
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Buj-Corral I, Sanz-Fraile H, Ulldemolins A, Tejo-Otero A, Domínguez-Fernández A, Almendros I, Otero J. Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132754. [PMID: 35808799 PMCID: PMC9268876 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing is revolutionizing the development of scaffolds due to their rapid-prototyping characteristics. One of the most used techniques is fused filament fabrication (FFF), which is fast and compatible with a wide range of polymers, such as PolyLactic Acid (PLA). Mechanical properties of the 3D printed polymeric scaffolds are often weak for certain applications. A potential solution is the development of composite materials. In the present work, metal-PLA composites have been tested as a material for 3D printing scaffolds. Three different materials were tested: copper-filled PLA, bronze-filled PLA, and steel-filled PLA. Disk-shaped samples were printed with linear infill patterns and line spacing of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 mm, respectively. The porosity of the samples was measured from cross-sectional images. Biocompatibility was assessed by culturing Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal on the surface of the printed scaffolds. The results showed that, for identical line spacing value, the highest porosity corresponded to bronze-filled material and the lowest one to steel-filled material. Steel-filled PLA polymers showed good cytocompatibility without the need to coat the material with biomolecules. Moreover, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells differentiated towards osteoblasts when cultured on top of the developed scaffolds. Therefore, it can be concluded that steel-filled PLA bioprinted parts are valid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Buj-Corral
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering of Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.T.-O.); (A.D.-F.)
- Correspondence: (I.B.-C.); (J.O.)
| | - Héctor Sanz-Fraile
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (H.S.-F.); (A.U.); (I.A.)
| | - Anna Ulldemolins
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (H.S.-F.); (A.U.); (I.A.)
| | - Aitor Tejo-Otero
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering of Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.T.-O.); (A.D.-F.)
| | - Alejandro Domínguez-Fernández
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering of Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.T.-O.); (A.D.-F.)
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (H.S.-F.); (A.U.); (I.A.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (H.S.-F.); (A.U.); (I.A.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.B.-C.); (J.O.)
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21
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Effect of Shear Angle and Printing Orientation on Shear Constitutive Response of Additively Manufactured Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122484. [PMID: 35746062 PMCID: PMC9229862 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An experimental investigation was performed to understand the quasi-static shear response of additively manufactured (AM) acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) via fusion deposition modeling (FDM). A modified flat hat-shaped (FHS) specimen configuration was used for shear testing. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of four different shear angles (0°, 5.44°, 13.39°, and 20.83°) and three printing orientations (vertical build, 0°/90°, and 45°/-45°) on the shear constitutive response and shear performance of FDM-printed ABS. Scanning electron microscopy images of the failure surface were used to explain the shear response of the material. The flow shear stress of the shear stress-strain response for vertically printed specimens demonstrated a monotonic increase up to a peak shear stress and then decrease at the end of the shear zone, while for 0°/90° specimens, an increasing trend until the peak value at the end of the shear zone was observed. With increasing shear angles, all specimens printed with three printing orientations exhibited increasing shear zone size and shear strength, and the 0°/90° specimens exhibited the highest shear strength for all four shear angles. However, the specimens of the 45°/-45° orientation demonstrated the highest increase in shear strength by about 60% and in the shear strain at the end of shear zone by about 175% as the shear angle was increased from 0° to 20.83°.
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22
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Li X, Yu Z, Jiang S, Dai X, Wang G, Wang Y, Yang Z, Gao J, Zou H. An amelogenin-based peptide hydrogel promoted the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac039. [PMID: 35936553 PMCID: PMC9348551 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenin can induce odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs), which has great potential and advantages in dentine-pulp complex regeneration. However, the unstability of amelogenin limits its further application. This study constructed amelogenin self-assembling peptide hydrogels (L-gel or D-gel) by heating-cooling technique, investigated the effects of these hydrogels on the odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs and explored the underneath mechanism. The critical aggregation concentration, conformation, morphology, mechanical property and biological stability of the hydrogels were characterized, respectively. The effects of the hydrogels on the odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs were evaluated via alkaline phosphatase activity measurement, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot, Alizarin red staining and scanning electron microscope. The mechanism was explored via signaling pathway experiments. Results showed that both the L-gel and D-gel stimulated the odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs on both Day 7 and Day 14, while the D-gel showed the highest enhancement effects. Meanwhile, the D-gel promoted calcium accumulation and mineralized matrix deposition on Day 21. The D-gel activated MAPK-ERK1/2 pathways in HDPCs and induced the odontogenic differentiation via ERK1/2 and transforming growth factor/smad pathways. Overall, our study demonstrated that the amelogenin peptide hydrogel stimulated the odontogenic differentiation and enhanced mineralization, which held big potential in the dentine-pulp complex regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shihui Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huiru Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University , Tianjin 300041, China
- Nankai University School of Medicine, , Tianjin 300071, China
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Schätzlein E, Kicker C, Söhling N, Ritz U, Neijhoft J, Henrich D, Frank J, Marzi I, Blaeser A. 3D-Printed PLA-Bioglass Scaffolds with Controllable Calcium Release and MSC Adhesion for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122389. [PMID: 35745964 PMCID: PMC9229101 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Large bone defects are commonly treated by replacement with auto- and allografts, which have substantial drawbacks including limited supply, donor site morbidity, and possible tissue rejection. This study aimed to improve bone defect treatment using a custom-made filament for tissue engineering scaffolds. The filament consists of biodegradable polylactide acid (PLA) and a varying amount (up to 20%) of osteoconductive S53P4 bioglass. By employing an innovative, additive manufacturing technique, scaffolds with optimized physico-mechanical and biological properties were produced. The scaffolds feature adjustable macro- and microporosity (200–2000 µm) with adaptable mechanical properties (83–135 MPa). Additionally, controllable calcium release kinetics (0–0.25 nMol/µL after 24 h), tunable mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion potential (after 24 h by a factor of 14), and proliferation (after 168 h by a factor of 18) were attained. Microgrooves resulting from the 3D-printing process on the surface act as a nucleus for cell aggregation, thus being a potential cell niche for spheroid formation or possible cell guidance. The scaffold design with its adjustable biomechanics and the bioglass with its antimicrobial properties are of particular importance for the preclinical translation of the results. This study comprehensibly demonstrates the potential of a 3D-printed bioglass composite scaffold for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schätzlein
- Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | | | - Nicolas Söhling
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (J.N.); (D.H.); (J.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- BiomaTiCS Group, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Jonas Neijhoft
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (J.N.); (D.H.); (J.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (J.N.); (D.H.); (J.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Johannes Frank
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (J.N.); (D.H.); (J.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.S.); (J.N.); (D.H.); (J.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany;
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Manufacturing Polymer Model of Anatomical Structures with Increased Accuracy Using CAx and AM Systems for Planning Orthopedic Procedures. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112236. [PMID: 35683908 PMCID: PMC9182597 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, medicine uses typical industrial structure techniques, including reverse engineering, data processing, 3D-CAD modeling, 3D printing, and coordinate measurement techniques. Taking this into account, one can notice the applications of procedures used in the aviation or automotive industries based on the structure of Industry 4.0 in the planning of operations and the production of medical models with high geometric accuracy. The procedure presented in the publication shortens the processing time of tomographic data and increases the reconstruction accuracy within the hip and knee joints. The procedure allows for the partial removal of metallic artifacts from the diagnostic image. Additionally, numerical models of anatomical structures, implants, and bone cement were developed in more detail by averaging the values of local segmentation thresholds. Before the model manufacturing process, additional tests of the PLA material were conducted in terms of its strength and thermal properties. Their goal was to select the appropriate type of PLA material for manufacturing models of anatomical structures. The numerical models were divided into parts before being manufactured using the Fused Filament Fabrication technique. The use of the modifier made it possible to change the density, type of filling, number of counters, and the type of supporting structure. These treatments allowed us to reduce costs and production time and increase the accuracy of the printout. The accuracy of the manufactured model geometry was verified using the MCA-II measuring arm with the MMDx100 laser head and surface roughness using a 3D Talyscan 150 profilometer. Using the procedure, a decrease in geometric deviations and amplitude parameters of the surface roughness were noticed. The models based on the presented approach allowed for detailed and meticulous treatment planning.
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25
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Arifin N, Sudin I, Ngadiman NHA, Ishak MSA. A Comprehensive Review of Biopolymer Fabrication in Additive Manufacturing Processing for 3D-Tissue-Engineering Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102119. [PMID: 35632000 PMCID: PMC9147259 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of a scaffold-fabrication method becomes challenging due to the variety in manufacturing methods, biomaterials and technical requirements. The design and development of tissue engineering scaffolds depend upon the porosity, which provides interconnected pores, suitable mechanical strength, and the internal scaffold architecture. The technology of the additive manufacturing (AM) method via photo-polymerization 3D printing is reported to have the capability to fabricate high resolution and finely controlled dimensions of a scaffold. This technology is also easy to operate, low cost and enables fast printing, compared to traditional methods and other additive manufacturing techniques. This article aims to review the potential of the photo-polymerization 3D-printing technique in the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds. This review paper also highlights the comprehensive comparative study between photo-polymerization 3D printing with other scaffold fabrication techniques. Various parameter settings that influence mechanical properties, biocompatibility and porosity behavior are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulhuda Arifin
- Quality Engineering, Malaysian Institute of Industrial Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL), Persiaran Sinaran Ilmu, Bandar Seri Alam 81750, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Izman Sudin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus Pauh Putra, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia;
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26
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An Evaluation of 3D-Printed Materials' Structural Properties Using Active Infrared Thermography and Deep Neural Networks Trained on the Numerical Data. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103727. [PMID: 35629753 PMCID: PMC9146560 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article describes an approach to evaluating the structural properties of samples manufactured through 3D printing via active infrared thermography. The mentioned technique was used to test the PETG sample, using halogen lamps as an excitation source. First, a simplified, general numerical model of the phenomenon was prepared; then, the obtained data were used in a process of the deep neural network training. Finally, the network trained in this manner was used for the material evaluation on the basis of the original experimental data. The described methodology allows for the automated assessment of the structural state of 3D-printed materials. The usage of a generalized model is an innovative method that allows for greater product assessment flexibility.
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27
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Wear and Service Life of 3-D Printed Polymeric Gears. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102064. [PMID: 35631946 PMCID: PMC9147857 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic gears are mostly used in the textile, food, and automotive industries due to their silent operation, corrosion resistance, and light and cheap advantages. Plastic gears are generally manufactured by injection molding or hobbing methods. The excess costs of the molds used to produce parts in injection molding and the problems of wastes that occur during production in hobbing lead companies to additive manufacturing, which is an alternative application. In the additive manufacturing method, the desired amount of product is produced without the problem of waste. In this study, the wear resistance of plastic spur gears produced by the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method was determined theoretically. In order to determine the service life of gears, wear tests were carried out in the Forschungsstelle fur Zahnrader und Getriebebau (FZG) type test device at the same load and rotational speeds. polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) thermoplastic polymer materials were used in the production of gears. When the gears rotate at the same load and rotational speeds, the most wear was observed in ABS, PLA, and PETG at the theoretically calculated wear depths. PETG is the most resistant material in terms of wear.
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28
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Wang H, Wu J, Zheng H, Tang M, Shen X. Strengthening Effect of Short Carbon Fiber Content and Length on Mechanical Properties of Extrusion-Based Printed Alumina Ceramics. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093080. [PMID: 35591415 PMCID: PMC9103062 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based ceramic printing is fast and convenient, but the green body strength is too low, and the application prospect is not high. An extrusion-based printing method of alumina ceramics toughened by short carbon fiber is reported in this paper. The bending strength and fracture toughness of 3D-printed alumina ceramics were improved by adding short carbon fiber. The toughening effects of four carbon fiber lengths (100 μm, 300 μm, 700 μm, and 1000 μm) and six carbon fiber contents (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 wt%) on ceramics were compared. The experimental results show that when the length of carbon fiber is 700 μm, and carbon fiber is 5 wt%, the toughening effect of fiber is the best, and the uniform distribution of fiber is an effective toughening method. Its bending strength reaches 33.426 ± 1.027 MPa, and its fracture toughness reaches 4.53 ± 0.46 MPa·m1/2. Compared with extrusion-based printed alumina ceramics without fiber, the bending strength and fracture toughness increase by 55.38% and 47.56%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Hai Zheng
- Donghai Institute of Advanced Silicon Based Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 222300, China;
| | - Mingliang Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (J.W.)
- Donghai Institute of Advanced Silicon Based Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 222300, China;
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaodong Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (X.S.)
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29
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Pantea M, Ciocoiu RC, Greabu M, Ripszky Totan A, Imre M, Țâncu AMC, Sfeatcu R, Spînu TC, Ilinca R, Petre AE. Compressive and Flexural Strength of 3D-Printed and Conventional Resins Designated for Interim Fixed Dental Prostheses: An In Vitro Comparison. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093075. [PMID: 35591410 PMCID: PMC9104158 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A provisionalization sequence is essential for obtaining a predictable final prosthetic outcome. An assessment of the mechanical behavior of interim prosthetic materials could orient clinicians towards selecting an appropriate material for each clinical case. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the mechanical behavior—with compressive and three-point flexural tests—of certain 3D-printed and conventional resins used to obtain interim fixed dental prostheses. Four interim resin materials were investigated: two 3D-printed resins and two conventional resins (an auto-polymerized resin and a pressure/heat-cured acrylic resin). Cylindrically shaped samples (25 × 25 mm/diameter × height) were obtained for the compression tests and bar-shaped samples (80 × 20 × 5 mm/length × width × thickness) were produced for the flexural tests, observing the producers’ recommendations. The resulting 40 resin samples were subjected to mechanical tests using a universal testing machine. Additionally, a fractographic analysis of failed samples in bending was performed. The results showed that the additive manufactured samples exhibited higher elastic moduli (2.4 ± 0.02 GPa and 2.6 ± 0.18 GPa) than the conventional samples (1.3 ± 0.19 GPa and 1.3 ± 0.38 GPa), as well as a higher average bending strength (141 ± 17 MPa and 143 ± 15 MPa) when compared to the conventional samples (88 ± 10 MPa and 76 ± 7 MPa); the results also suggested that the materials were more homogenous when produced via additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Pantea
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 20221 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (T.C.S.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Robert Cătălin Ciocoiu
- Department of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, J Building, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Alexandra Ripszky Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Marina Imre
- Department of Complete Denture, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 020221 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ana Maria Cristina Țâncu
- Department of Complete Denture, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 020221 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (A.M.C.Ț.); (R.S.)
| | - Ruxandra Sfeatcu
- Department of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.C.Ț.); (R.S.)
| | - Tudor Claudiu Spînu
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 20221 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (T.C.S.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Eugen Petre
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Plevnei Street, 20221 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (T.C.S.); (A.E.P.)
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30
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Panaite CE, Mihalache AM, Dodun O, Slătineanu L, Popescu A, Hrițuc A, Nagîț G. Theoretical, Numerical and Experimental Assessment of Temperature Response in Polylactic Acid and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Used in Additive Manufacturing. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091714. [PMID: 35566888 PMCID: PMC9100762 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of heat transfer through materials used for 3D-printed parts could lead to an extension and an optimization of their use. A topic of interest could be analyzing temperature variation in these materials during cooling processes. Experimental research and equipment were designed to obtain additional information on the surface temperature decrease when the opposite wall surface is exposed to a freezing temperature. Experimental tests were performed on samples made of polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). An experimental Taguchi L8 program was used, with seven independent variables at two levels of variation. The experimental data analysis with specialized software based on the least-squares method identified a mathematical model of first-degree polynomial type. The coefficients for each input factor involved provide information on the magnitude and trend of the considered output parameter when the input factors’ values change. It was found that the thickness of the 3D printing layer, the thickness of the test sample, and the 3D printing speed are the main factors that affect the temperature decrease rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camen Ema Panaite
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Road Automotive Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 43, 700050 Iași, Romania; (C.E.P.); (A.P.); (G.N.)
| | - Andrei-Marius Mihalache
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 59A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.M.); (O.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Oana Dodun
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 59A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.M.); (O.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurențiu Slătineanu
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 59A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.M.); (O.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Aristotel Popescu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Road Automotive Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 43, 700050 Iași, Romania; (C.E.P.); (A.P.); (G.N.)
| | - Adelina Hrițuc
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 59A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (A.-M.M.); (O.D.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-751640117
| | - Gheorghe Nagîț
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Road Automotive Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. D. Mangeron, 43, 700050 Iași, Romania; (C.E.P.); (A.P.); (G.N.)
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Cryogenic Coaxial Printing for 3D Shell/Core Tissue Engineering Scaffold with Polymeric Shell and Drug-Loaded Core. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091722. [PMID: 35566891 PMCID: PMC9105133 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, coaxial printing has been widely applied in 3D tissue engineering scaffold fabrication. However, there are few reports regarding polymeric materials application in shell production due to fabrication constraints. In this study, a combination of cryogenic printing and coaxial printing aims to approach the challenge. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and sodium alginate (SA) were selected as the representative shell and core materials to test the feasibility of the coaxial cryogenic printing by optimizing key parameters, including working temperature, air pressure, PCL, and SA concentration. According to the optical and SEM images, the SA core contracts a string inside the PCL shell, illustrating the shell/core structure of the 3D coaxial PCL/SA scaffolds. Besides, the shell/core 3D scaffold possesses a 38.39 MPa Young’s modulus in mechanical tests; the PCL shell could retain at least 8 h in 5 mol/L HCl solution, leading to a fabricated drug-loaded PCL/SA shell/core “responsive” to acidic pH. In summary, coaxial cryogenic printing was developed to fabricate 3D scaffolds with a PCL/SA shell/core scaffold, broadening the material range of coaxial printing and providing promising applications in drug release.
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32
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Multi-Parameter Optimization of 3D Printing Condition for Enhanced Quality and Strength. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081586. [PMID: 35458336 PMCID: PMC9030841 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing is the most common type of additive manufacturing available in both research and the industry. Due to the rapid development of 3D printing, there is now a significant need to fabricate parts with higher quality with respect to cosmetics, precision, and strength of the final products. This work is focused on finding the optimal printing condition for a commercially available 3D printer and filament material (i.e., Polylactic acid (PLA)). In this work, we focus on finding the combined effect of retraction speed, deposition angle, and number of walls on both the visual quality and strength of 3D-printed parts. It is found that the number of walls does not play a major role in the strength of the parts. On the other hand, the retraction speed plays a significant role in defining the ultimate tensile strength of the parts. For parts printed at higher retraction speeds, there is a 10–15% improvement in the ultimate tensile strength.
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Elhattab K, Bhaduri SB, Sikder P. Influence of Fused Deposition Modelling Nozzle Temperature on the Rheology and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed β-Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP)/Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061222. [PMID: 35335552 PMCID: PMC8952643 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of this study is to develop and analyze 3D printed structures based on a well-known composite known as β-Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP)– polylactic acid (PLA). There are some interesting aspects of this study. First, we developed 3D printable TCP–PLA composite filaments in-house, with high reproducibility, by a one-step process method using a single screw extruder. Second, we explored the physicochemical properties of the developed TCP–PLA composite filaments. Third, we investigated the effect of an FDM-based nozzle temperature of 190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, and 220 °C on the composite’s crystallinity and rheological and mechanical properties. Results confirmed the successful development of constant-diameter TCP–PLA composite filaments with a homogeneous distribution of TCP particles in the PLA matrix. We observed that a higher nozzle temperature in the FDM process increased the crystallinity of the printed PLA and TCP–PLA structures. As a result, it also helped to enhance the mechanical properties of the printed structures. The rheological studies were performed in the same temperature range used in the actual FDM process, and results showed an improvement in rheological properties at higher nozzle temperatures. The bare polymer and the composite polymer-ceramic melts exhibited lower viscosity and less rigidity at higher nozzle temperatures, which resulted in enhancing the polymer melt flowability and interlayer bonding between the printed layers. Overall, our results confirmed that 3D printable TCP–PLA filaments could be made in-house, and optimization of the nozzle temperature is essential to developing 3D printed composite parts with favorable mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Elhattab
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarit B. Bhaduri
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA;
- EEC Division, Directorate of Engineering, The National Science Foundation, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | - Prabaha Sikder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA;
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Baba MN. Flatwise to Upright Build Orientations under Three-Point Bending Test of Nylon 12 (PA12) Additively Manufactured by SLS. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14051026. [PMID: 35267849 PMCID: PMC8914917 DOI: 10.3390/polym14051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes in detail a series of static tests conducted in a three-point bend configuration on three build orientations (i.e., 0°, 45°, and 90°) of additively manufactured Nylon 12 (PA12) specimens produced with a powder refresh ratio of 50%, using a benchtop industrial SLS platform, Formlabs Fuse 1. The bending strength and flexural elasticity moduli are determined following ISO 173 specifications and by employing a more complex equation that considers the influence of large deflections as per ISO 14125 indications. Statistical variability of experimental data is considered and compared to the results from the literature. Through a fractographic SEM study, the damage morphologies of tested specimens are analyzed and associated with the recorded load-deflection curves for an accurate perception of build orientation-dependent anisotropy in bending properties of AM PA12 SLS specimens. A surprising result of this investigation is that the specimens built with 45° orientation showed superior modulus elasticity in flexure but a low bending strength compared to flatwise oriented specimens. In addition, a Weibull reliability quantification of bending strength is adapted to pinpoint the effects of internal 3D printing flaws (contained within a characteristic highly-stressed volume of material) over the failure probability of the three build orientations in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Nicolae Baba
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
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Menezes O, Roberts T, Motta G, Patrenos MH, McCurdy W, Alotaibi A, Vanderpool M, Vaseghi M, Beheshti A, Davami K. Performance of Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid (PLA) in Prolonged Marine Environments. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Klüver E, Baltzer M, Langer A, Meyer M. Additive Manufacturing with Thermoplastic Collagen. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050974. [PMID: 35267794 PMCID: PMC8912786 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic collagen is a partially denatured collagen powder which can be processed by thermoplastic methods such as extrusion and injection molding, but was hitherto not adapted for the use in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. This paper describes the first successful application of collagen/water/glycerol mixtures in an AM process using a BioScaffolder 3.2 from GeSiM mbH. Strands of molten collagen were deposited onto a building platform forming differently shaped objects. The collagen melt was characterized rheologically and optimal processing conditions were established. The technique includes the use of supporting structures of PLA/wood composite for samples with complex geometry as well as post-processing steps such as the removal of the supporting structure and manual surface smoothing. The manufactured objects are characterized concerning water solubility, swelling behavior and compressibility. Possible applications are in the non-medical sector and include collagen-based pet food or customized organ models for medical training.
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Wu W, Li J, Jiang J, Liu Q, Zheng A, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Ren L, Li G. Influence Mechanism of Ultrasonic Vibration Substrate on Strengthening the Mechanical Properties of Fused Deposition Modeling. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050904. [PMID: 35267725 PMCID: PMC8912527 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fused deposition modeling is the most widely used 3D-printing technology, with the advantage of being an accessible forming process. However, the poor mechanical properties of the formed parts limit its application in engineering. Herein, a new ultrasonic-assisted fused deposition modeling 3D-printing method was proposed to improve the mechanical properties of the formed parts. The effects of ultrasonic vibration substrate process parameters and printing process parameters on the tensile and bending properties of formed samples were studied. The tensile strength and bending strength of the samples printed with a 12 μm ultrasonic amplitude can be increased by 13.2% and 12.6%, respectively, compared with those printed without ultrasonic vibration. The influence mechanism of ultrasonic vibration on mechanical properties was studied through microscopic characterization and in situ infrared monitoring experiments. During the printing process, increasing the ultrasonic vibration and temperature employed via the ultrasonic substrate can reduce the pore defects inside the sample. The mechanical properties of FDM-formed samples can be controlled by adjusting ultrasonic-assisted process parameters, which can broaden the application of 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Wu
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing 401123, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
| | - Jili Jiang
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
| | - Qingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Aodu Zheng
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
| | - Ji Zhao
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
| | - Luquan Ren
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China;
| | - Guiwei Li
- Advanced Materials Additive Manufacturing ((AM)2) Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (W.W.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (A.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (L.R.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing 401123, China
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China;
- Correspondence:
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