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Gao Y, Huang Y, Ren C, Chou P, Wu C, Pan X, Quan G, Huang Z. Looking back, moving forward: protein corona of lipid nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5573-5588. [PMID: 38757190 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are commonly employed for drug delivery owing to their considerable drug-loading capacity, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the formation of protein corona (PC) on their surfaces significantly influences the drug's in vivo fate (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) upon administration. PC denotes the phenomenon wherein one or multiple strata of proteins adhere to the external interface of nanoparticles (NPs) or microparticles within the biological milieu, encompassing ex vivo fluids (e.g., serum-containing culture media) and in vivo fluids (such as blood and tissue fluids). Hence, it is essential to claim the PC formation behaviors and mechanisms on the surface of LNPs. This overview provided a comprehensive examination of crucial aspects related to such issues, encompassing time evolution, controllability, and their subsequent impacts on LNPs. Classical studies of PC generation on the surface of LNPs were additionally integrated, and its decisive role in shaping the in vivo fate of LNPs was explored. The mechanisms underlying PC formation, including the adsorption theory and alteration theory, were introduced to delve into the formation process. Subsequently, the existing experimental outcomes were synthesized to offer insights into the research and application facets of PC, and it was concluded that the manipulation of PC held substantial promise in the realm of targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yeqi Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanyu Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Peiwen Chou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guilan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Gonzalez Solveyra E, Perez Sirkin YA, Tagliazucchi M, Szleifer I. Orientational Pathways during Protein Translocation through Polymer-Modified Nanopores. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10427-10438. [PMID: 38556978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Protein translocation through nanopores holds significant promise for applications in biotechnology, biomolecular analysis, and medicine. However, the interpretation of signals generated by the translocation of the protein remains challenging. In this way, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding on how macromolecules translocate through a nanopore and to identify what are the critical parameters that govern the process. In this study, we investigate the interplay between protein charge regulation, orientation, and nanopore surface modifications using a theoretical framework that allows us to explicitly take into account the acid-base reactions of the titrable amino acids in the proteins and in the polyelectrolytes grafted to the nanopore surface. Our goal is to thoroughly characterize the translocation process of different proteins (GFP, β-lactoglobulin, lysozyme, and RNase) through nanopores modified with weak polyacids. Our calculations show that the charge regulation mechanism exerts a profound effect on the translocation process. The pH-dependent interactions between proteins and charged polymers within the nanopore lead to diverse free energy landscapes with barriers, wells, and flat regions dictating translocation efficiency. Comparison of different proteins allows us to identify the significance of protein isoelectric point, size, and morphology in the translocation behavior. Taking advantage of these insights, we propose pH-responsive nanopores that can load proteins at one pH and release them at another, offering opportunities for controlled protein delivery, separation, and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Gonzalez Solveyra
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650, Argentina
| | - Yamila A Perez Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica Analítica y Química Física y CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Química de los Materiales, Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE). Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica Analítica y Química Física y CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Química de los Materiales, Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE). Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Igal Szleifer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Singh NK, Pushpavanam K, Radhakrishna M. Tuning Electrostatic Interactions To Control Orientation of GFP Protein Adsorption on Silica Surface. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:596-608. [PMID: 37347172 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of green fluorescent protein (GFP) on silica surfaces has been the subject of growing interest due to its potential applications in various fields, including biotechnology and biomedicine. In this study, we used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the charge-driven adsorption of wild type GFP and its supercharged variants on silica surfaces. The results showed that the positively charged variant of GFP adsorbed on the negatively charged silica surface with minimal loss in its secondary structure. Further studies were conducted to understand the role of surface charge distribution on two other positively charged variants of GFP, and the results showed that the orientation of GFP on silica can be easily tuned by careful mutations of the charged amino acid residues on the GFP. This study provides valuable molecular insights into the role of electrostatic-driven adsorption of GFP and highlights the importance of charge interactions in the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar Singh
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Karthik Pushpavanam
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Mithun Radhakrishna
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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Bezerra de Araujo CM, Rios AG, Ghislandi MG, Ferreira AFP, Alves da Motta Sobrinho M, Rodrigues AE. Separation of the heme protein cytochrome C using a 3D structured graphene oxide bionanocomposite as an adsorbent. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1475-1485. [PMID: 38263875 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01053h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Proteins are of great importance for medicine and the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, proteins need to be purified prior to their application. This work investigated the application of a hydrogel bionanocomposite based on agar and graphene oxide (GO) for capturing cytochrome C (Cyto C) heme protein by adsorption from aqueous solutions with other proteins. Although applications of GO-based materials in adsorption are widely studied, the focus on semi-continuous processes remains limited. Adsorption experiments were carried out in batch and fixed bed columns. The effect of pH and ionic strength on adsorption was investigated, and there is evidence that electrostatic interactions between Cyto C and the nanocomposite were favoured at pH = 7; the adsorption capacity decreased as NaCl and KCl concentrations increased, ascribed to the weak electrostatic interaction between the protein and GO active sites in the bionanocomposite. All adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips) used gave suitable adjustments to the equilibrium experimental data and the kinetic models applied. The maximum adsorption capacity predicted by the Langmuir isotherm was ∼400 mgCytoC gadsorbent,dry-1, and the adsorption thermodynamics indicated a physisorption process. Tests were performed to evaluate the co-adsorption in batch, and the composite was effective in adsorbing Cyto C in solution with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and L-phenylalanine. Fixed bed tests were performed, and although protein adsorption onto nanoparticles can be challenging, the Cyto C adsorbed could be successfully recovered after desorption. Overall, the GO-based hydrogel was an effective method for cytochrome C adsorption, exhibiting a notorious potential for applications in protein separation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albertina Gonçalves Rios
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, s/n, R. Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marcos Gomes Ghislandi
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, R. Cento e Sessenta e Três, 300, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alírio Egídio Rodrigues
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, s/n, R. Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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Harbuz I, Banciu DD, David R, Cercel C, Cotîrță O, Ciurea BM, Radu SM, Dinescu S, Jinga SI, Banciu A. Perspectives on Scaffold Designs with Roles in Liver Cell Asymmetry and Medical and Industrial Applications by Using a New Type of Specialized 3D Bioprinter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14722. [PMID: 37834167 PMCID: PMC10573170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular asymmetry is an important element of efficiency in the compartmentalization of intracellular chemical reactions that ensure efficient tissue function. Improving the current 3D printing methods by using cellular asymmetry is essential in producing complex tissues and organs such as the liver. The use of cell spots containing at least two cells and basement membrane-like bio support materials allows cells to be tethered at two points on the basement membrane and with another cell in order to maintain cell asymmetry. Our model is a new type of 3D bioprinter that uses oriented multicellular complexes with cellular asymmetry. This novel approach is necessary to replace the sequential and slow processes of organogenesis with rapid methods of growth and 3D organ printing. The use of the extracellular matrix in the process of bioprinting with cells allows one to preserve the cellular asymmetry in the 3D printing process and thus preserve the compartmentalization of biological processes and metabolic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Harbuz
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Daniel Dumitru Banciu
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Rodica David
- Institute for Research on the Quality of Society and the Sciences of Education, University Constantin Brancusi of Targu Jiu, Republicii 1, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania;
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Cristina Cercel
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Octavian Cotîrță
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Bogdan Marius Ciurea
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Sorin Mihai Radu
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Stela Dinescu
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Sorin Ion Jinga
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Adela Banciu
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
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Galata AA, Kröger M. Globular Proteins and Where to Find Them within a Polymer Brush-A Case Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102407. [PMID: 37242983 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein adsorption by polymerized surfaces is an interdisciplinary topic that has been approached in many ways, leading to a plethora of theoretical, numerical and experimental insight. There is a wide variety of models trying to accurately capture the essence of adsorption and its effect on the conformations of proteins and polymers. However, atomistic simulations are case-specific and computationally demanding. Here, we explore universal aspects of the dynamics of protein adsorption through a coarse-grained (CG) model, that allows us to explore the effects of various design parameters. To this end, we adopt the hydrophobic-polar (HP) model for proteins, place them uniformly at the upper bound of a CG polymer brush whose multibead-spring chains are tethered to a solid implicit wall. We find that the most crucial factor affecting the adsorption efficiency appears to be the polymer grafting density, while the size of the protein and its hydrophobicity ratio come also into play. We discuss the roles of ligands and attractive tethering surfaces to the primary adsorption as well as secondary and ternary adsorption in the presence of attractive (towards the hydrophilic part of the protein) beads along varying spots of the backbone of the polymer chains. The percentage and rate of adsorption, density profiles and the shapes of the proteins, alongside with the respective potential of mean force are recorded to compare the various scenarios during protein adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini A Galata
- Magnetism and Interface Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kröger
- Magnetism and Interface Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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