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Necolau MI, Bălănucă B, Frone AN, Radu IN, Grădişteanu-Pîrcălăbioru G, Damian CM. Combined Thermomechanical Effect of Graphene Oxide and Montmorillonite on Biobased Epoxy Network Formation for Coatings. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8297-8307. [PMID: 38405461 PMCID: PMC10882706 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Epoxy nanocomposites derived from linseed oil, reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanostructures, were synthesized. The nanohybrids were developed by enriching the structure of MMT and GO with primary amines through a common and simplified method, which implies physical interactions promoted by ultrasonic processing energy. The influence of the new nanoreinforcing agents along with neat ones on the overall properties of the biobased epoxy materials for coating applications was assessed. Interface formation through surface compatibility was contained by the lower values of activation energy calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, along with a consistent 70% increase in the cross-linking density when amine-modified MMT was used. Thermomechanical characteristics of the biobased epoxy nanocomposites were explained through the interaction of the functional groups over the curing process of epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), giving a 15 °C higher Tg value increase. Furthermore, the low surface energy values suggested an intrinsic antibacterial activity, as proved by a significant decrease of CFU against Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains on the 0.25% reinforced coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Ioana Necolau
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania
| | - Brînduşa Bălănucă
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania
- Department of Organic Chemistry "C. Nenitescu", National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania
| | - Adriana Nicoleta Frone
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Iulia Nicoleta Radu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania
| | - Graţiela Grădişteanu-Pîrcălăbioru
- eBio-hub Research-Center, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, Campus Building, Bucharest 061344, Romania
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 050095, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest 050094, Romania
| | - Celina Maria Damian
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania
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Tuisov AG, Kychkin A, Kychkin AK, Anan'eva ES. Reinforced Epoxy Binder Modified with Borpolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2632. [PMID: 37376278 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer binders based on epoxy resins have unique properties that contribute to their use in many composite industries. The potential of using epoxy binders is due to their high elasticity and strength characteristics, thermal and chemical resistance, and resistance to climatic aging. This is the reason for the existing practical interest in modifying the composition of epoxy binders and understanding the strengthening mechanisms in order to form reinforced composite materials with a required set of properties based on them. This article presents the results of a study of the process of dissolving the modifying additive of polymethylene-p-triphenyl ether of boric acid in the components of an epoxyanhydride binder applicable to the production of fibrous composite materials. The temperature and time conditions for the dissolution of polymethylene-p-triphenyl ether of boric acid in anhydride-type isomethyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride hardeners are presented. It has been established that the complete dissolution of the borpolymer-modifying additive in iso-MTHPA occurs at a temperature of 55 ± 2 °C for 20 h. The effect of the modifying additive of polymethylene-p-triphenyl ether of boric acid on the strength properties and structure of the epoxyanhydride binder has been studied. Increases in transverse bending strength up to 190 MPa, elastic modulus up to 3200 MPa, tensile strength up to 0.8 MPa, and impact strength (Charpy) up to 5.1 kJ/m2 are observed when the content of the borpolymer-modifying additive in the composition of the epoxy binder is 0.50 mass. %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei G Tuisov
- Federal Research Center, The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677000, Russia
| | - Aisen Kychkin
- Federal Research Center, The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677000, Russia
| | - Anatoly K Kychkin
- V.P. Larionov Institute of Physical and Technical Problems of the North Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677980, Russia
| | - Elena S Anan'eva
- Department of Modern Special Materials, Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul 656038, Russia
- Department of Nanocomposite Materials, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Experimental Study on the Characterization of Orientation of Polyester Short Fibers in Rubber Composites by an X-ray Three-Dimensional Microscope. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103726. [PMID: 35629752 PMCID: PMC9147132 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyester-short-fiber-reinforced rubber composites have been detected by an X-ray three-dimensional microscope, and then the three-dimensional reconstruction of the image has been carried out to characterize the orientation of polyester short fibers in the composites for the first time. Based on the summary of three traditional methods and mechanisms of characterizing the orientation of polyester short fibers by the numerical parameter method, the direct test method, and the indirect test method, the method and mechanism of the X-ray three-dimensional microscope applied to the orientation characterization of polyester short fibers have been studied. The combination of the center point and threshold segmentation methods has been used to distinguish which fiber section belongs to the same fiber, and the identification of the whole short fiber in different slice images has been realized for the first time. Moreover, Avizo software has been used to realize the three-dimensional reconstruction of a polyester short fiber scanning image. The obtained data have been integrated and the orientation angle and orientation degree have been quantitatively characterized for the first time. This has filled the key technical problem of quantitative characterization of the orientation angle and orientation degree of polyester fibers. The image has been verified by 3Dmed software, and furthermore, the accuracy of the three-dimensional reconstruction results has been verified.
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