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Kumar R, Tyagi N, Nagpal A, Kaushik JK, Mohanty AK, Kumar S. Peptidome Profiling of Bubalus bubalis Urine and Assessment of Its Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis-Causing Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:299. [PMID: 38666975 PMCID: PMC11047597 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary proteins have been studied quite exhaustively in the past, however, the small sized peptides have remained neglected for a long time in dairy cattle. These peptides are the products of systemic protein turnover, which are excreted out of the body and hence can serve as an important biomarker for various pathophysiologies. These peptides in other species of bovine have been reported to possess several bioactive properties. To investigate the urinary peptides in buffalo and simultaneously their bioactivities, we generated a peptidome profile from the urine of Murrah Buffaloes (n = 10). Urine samples were processed using <10 kDa MWCO filter and filtrate obtained was used for peptide extraction using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). The nLC-MS/MS of the aqueous phase from ten animals resulted in the identification of 8165 peptides originating from 6041 parent proteins. We further analyzed these peptide sequences to identify bioactive peptides and classify them into anti-cancerous, anti-hypertensive, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory groups with a special emphasis on antimicrobial properties. With this in mind, we simultaneously conducted experiments to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of urinary aqueous extract on three pathogenic bacterial strains: S. aureus, E. coli, and S. agalactiae. The urinary peptides observed in the study are the result of the activity of possibly 76 proteases. The GO of these proteases showed the significant enrichment of the antibacterial peptide production. The total urinary peptide showed antimicrobial activity against the aforementioned pathogenic bacterial strains with no significant inhibitory effects against a buffalo mammary epithelial cell line. Just like our previous study in cows, the present study suggests the prime role of the antimicrobial peptides in the maintenance of the sterility of the urinary tract in buffalo by virtue of their amino acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Nikunj Tyagi
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Anju Nagpal
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Jai Kumar Kaushik
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteshwar 263138, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
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Chung FY, Huang CR, Chen CS, Chen YF. Natural nanogels crosslinked with S-benzyl-L-cysteine exhibit potent antibacterial activity. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213551. [PMID: 37441957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-forming bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa have both exhibited resistance against multiple antibiotics in clinical settings. To find a solution, researchers have turned to antibacterial structurally modified from natural materials that are harmless to the human body. Among these is DNA, a natural polymer composed of deoxyribose that when treated with HCl exposes its aldehyde groups and produces DNA-HCl. Here, we crosslinked these aldehyde groups with the primary amines in S-benzyl-L-cysteine (SBLC) using a Schiff reaction to obtain DNA-HCl-SBLC. We additionally treated alginate acid (AA) with EDAC, obtaining AA-EDAC, and substituting it with SBLC to produce AA-SBLC. We incorporated the above reactions with an emulsification process to produce nanogels (NGs) that were verified to be spherical and possessing benzene rings successfully grafted onto DNA-HCl and AA-EDAC. These natural NGs were proven to be negatively charged through zeta potential analysis and presented low cytotoxicity toward normal cells in cell organoid viability assays. These SBLC-modified polymers provided better inhibition of bacterial growth than those without modification. Moreover, after incubation with SBLC-modified NGs, bacteria expressed intracellular recA or pvdA in a dose-dependent manner, which was consistent with SEM data from damaged bacteria. Out of four tested NGs, DNA-HCl-SBLC NGs suppressed P. aeruginosa-induced sepsis most effectively and extended the lifespan of C. elegans. This study provides an alternative clinical solution to antibiotics-resistant biofilm strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Chung
- Master Program in Biomedicine, National Taitung University, No. 684, Section 1, Zhonghua Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Rung Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., East Dist., Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Fon Chen
- Master Program in Biomedicine, National Taitung University, No. 684, Section 1, Zhonghua Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan.
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Cai Q, Yu Q, Liang W, Li H, Liu J, Li H, Chen Y, Fang S, Zhong R, Liu S, Lin S. Membrane-Active Nonivamide Derivatives as Effective Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials: Rational Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16754-16773. [PMID: 36510819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a "global public health concern". To address the growing epidemic of multidrug-resistant pathogens, the development of novel antimicrobials is urgently needed. In this study, by biomimicking cationic antibacterial peptides, we designed and synthesized a series of new membrane-active nonivamide and capsaicin derivatives as peptidomimetic antimicrobials. Through modulating charge/hydrophobicity balance and rationalizing structure-activity relationships of these peptidomimetics, compound 51 was identified as the lead compound. Compound 51 exhibited potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria (MICs = 0.39-0.78 μg/mL) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 1.56-6.25 μg/mL), with low hemolytic activity and low cytotoxicity. Compound 51 displayed a faster bactericidal action through a membrane-disruptive mechanism and avoided bacterial resistance development. Furthermore, compound 51 significantly reduced the microbial burden in a murine model of keratitis infected by Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence, this design strategy can provide a promising and effective solution to overcome antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongna Cai
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qian Yu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wanxin Liang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Haizhou Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shanfang Fang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Rongcui Zhong
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shouping Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shuimu Lin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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