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Zhang W, Hu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Liu J. Heterostructured n-ZnO@p-CuO nanosheets filled in a polymer matrix for enhanced electrostatic energy storage performance. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39253937 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr03300k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Metallized film capacitors use plastic films as the dielectric spacer, and these polymer films generally have low dielectric constants. To boost the electrostatic energy storage density of a film capacitor, advanced high-k films with high electrical breakdown strength and low dielectric loss are highly desired. Herein, polymer nanocomposite films were made by filling ZnO@CuO nanosheets into poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF-HFP)]. The n-type ZnO nanosheets are synthesized in an aqueous solution. Through a calcination process, thin layers of p-type CuO are coated over the ZnO nanosheets. Compared to pure P(VDF-HFP) and ZnO/P(VDF-HFP) films, the ZnO@CuO/P(VDF-HFP) films exhibit higher dielectric constant and higher breakdown strength. The optimal content of ZnO@CuO nanosheet in the polymer matrix is determined to be 3 wt%, which leads to a dielectric constant of 15.6 at 1 kHz and the highest energy density of 5.6 J cm-3. The efficacy of ZnO@CuO nanosheets in enhancing the dielectric performance of the polymer nanocomposite is elucidated in detail. This research provides a scalable and low-cost strategy to produce polymer nanocomposite films with high capacitive energy storage performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yuqing Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yingda Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jinzhang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Wang H, Luo H, Liu Y, Wang F, Peng B, Li X, Hu D, He G, Zhang D. Improved Energy Density at High Temperatures of FPE Dielectrics by Extreme Low Loading of CQDs. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3625. [PMID: 39063916 PMCID: PMC11279081 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Electrostatic capacitors, with the advantages of high-power density, fast charging-discharging, and outstanding cyclic stability, have become important energy storage devices for modern power electronics. However, the insulation performance of the dielectrics in capacitors will significantly deteriorate under the conditions of high temperatures and electric fields, resulting in limited capacitive performance. In this paper, we report a method to improve the high-temperature energy storage performance of a polymer dielectric for capacitors by incorporating an extremely low loading of 0.5 wt% carbon quantum dots (CQDs) into a fluorene polyester (FPE) polymer. CQDs possess a high electron affinity energy, enabling them to capture migrating carriers and exhibit a unique Coulomb-blocking effect to scatter electrons, thereby restricting electron migration. As a result, the breakdown strength and energy storage properties of the CQD/FPE nanocomposites are significantly enhanced. For instance, the energy density of 0.5 wt% CQD/FPE nanocomposites at room temperature, with an efficiency (η) exceeding 90%, reached 9.6 J/cm3. At the discharge energy density of 0.5 wt%, the CQD/FPE nanocomposites remained at 4.53 J/cm3 with an efficiency (η) exceeding 90% at 150 °C, which surpasses lots of reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (H.W.); (Y.L.); (F.W.); (B.P.); (X.L.); (D.H.); (G.H.); (D.Z.)
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Liu Z, Yang M, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Wang W, Dang ZM. Simultaneous Inhibition of Conduction Loss and Enhancement of Polarization Intensity of Polyetherimide Dielectrics for High-Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11550-11557. [PMID: 38096129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectrics with excellent high-temperature capacitive energy storage performance are in urgent demand for modern power electronic devices and high-voltage electrical systems. Nevertheless, the energy storage capability usually degrades dramatically at increased temperatures, owing to the exponentially increased conduction loss. Herein, a trace of commercially available aluminum nitride (AlN) nanoparticles is incorporated into the poly(ether imide) (PEI) matrix to inhibit the conduction loss. The nanostructured AlN component with a large specific surface area can provide abundant sites for the collision of carriers. More importantly, the generated new trap energy levels can immobilize the carriers, accordingly contributing to the reduction in leakage current. From this, the discharged energy density at 150 °C of PEI composites increases by 82.13% from 2.63 J/cm3 for pristine PEI to 4.79 J/cm3 for PEI composites. This work establishes a facile approach to enhancing the high-temperature capacitive performance of polymer dielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Liu
- Institute of Energy Power Innovation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Minhao Yang
- Institute of Energy Power Innovation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zepeng Wang
- Institute of Energy Power Innovation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanlong Zhao
- Institute of Energy Power Innovation, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhi-Min Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Song J, Qin H, Qin S, Liu M, Zhang S, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang S, Li Q, Dong L, Xiong C. Alicyclic polyimides with large band gaps exhibit superior high-temperature capacitive energy storage. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:2139-2148. [PMID: 36947003 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01511k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flexible polymer dielectrics for capacitive energy storage that can function well at elevated temperatures are increasingly in demand for continuously advancing and miniaturizing electrical devices. However, traditional high-resistance polymer dielectrics composed of aromatic backbones have a compromised band gap (Eg) and hence suffer from low breakdown strength and a huge loss at high temperatures. Here, based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, rigid and non-coplanar alicyclic segments are introduced into the polyimide backbone to overcome the incompatibility of a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and large Eg. Thanks to the large optical Eg (∼4.6 eV) and high Tg (∼277 °C), the all-alicyclic polyimide at 200 °C delivers a maximum discharge energy density (Ue) of 5.01 J cm-3 with a charge-discharge efficiency (η) of 78.1% at 600 MV m-1, and a record Ue of 2.55 J cm-3 at η = 90%, which is 10-fold larger than that of the state-of-art commercial polyetherimides (PEIs). In addition, compared with aromatic polyimides, the all-alicyclic polyimide possesses a better self-clearing characteristic due to a smaller ratio of carbon to hydrogen and oxygen, which facilitates its long-term reliability in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hongmei Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shiyu Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Man Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shixian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Junyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Lijie Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Chuanxi Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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