Improvement the Flame Retardancy and Thermal Conductivity of Epoxy Composites via Melamine Polyphosphate-Modified Carbon Nanotubes

Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Lignosulfonate-Based Phosphorus-Containing Intermediates and Its Composite Si-P-C Silicone-Acrylic Emulsion Coating for Flame-Retardant Plywood

Through the substitution reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and sodium lignosulfonate (LS), a novel phosphorus-containing sodium lignosulfonate (DAL) was successfully synthesized via the solvothermal method and used as a multifunctional flame retardant to prepare a novel silicone-acrylic emulsion (SAE) composite Si-P-C coating. The structure of DAL was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (solid-state 13C NMR and 31P NMR). The results demonstrated that incorporating an appropriate dosage of DAL (0.9 g, 1.5 wt %) into SAE-based composite coatings enhances flame retardancy and reduces heat release and smoke production during burning. The peak heat release rate (p-HRR) decreases from 236.7 to 120.3 kW·m-2, total smoke production (TSP) decreases by 71.1%, and the flame-retardant index increases from 1.00 to 4.58. Meanwhile, the coating is transformed into a dense and nonflammable vitreous polyphosphate barrier layer during the firing process to prevent heat or mass transfer. Furthermore, the pyrolysis kinetics identify that the 3D Z-L-T model governs the coatings' pyrolysis, and the appropriate DAL makes the pyrolysis Eα climb from 300.98 to 331.30 kJ·mol-1 at 358-439 °C. Hence, this study presents a new synthesis method of multifunctional flame retardant DAL, studies the excellent properties and cross-linking mechanism of DAL-doped SAE-composite Si-P-C coatings, and explores a halogen-free, low-carbon, and clean eco-technology strategy.

Development and Perspectives of Thermal Conductive Polymer Composites

With the development of electronic appliances and electronic equipment towards miniaturization, lightweight and high-power density, the heat generated and accumulated by devices during high-speed operation seriously reduces the working efficiency and service life of the equipment. The key to solving this problem is to develop high-performance thermal management materials and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the equipment. This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of polymer composites with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, including the thermal conductivity mechanism of composites, the factors affecting the thermal conductivity of composites, and the research status of thermally conductive and electrical insulation polymer composites in recent years. Finally, we look forward to the research focus and urgent problems that should be addressed of high-performance thermal conductive composites, which will provide strategies for further development and application of advanced thermal and electrical insulation composites.