1
|
Huët MAL, Phul IC, Goonoo N, Li Z, Li X, Bhaw-Luximon A. Lignin-cellulose complexes derived from agricultural wastes for combined antibacterial and tissue engineering scaffolds for cutaneous leishmaniasis wounds. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5496-5512. [PMID: 38742807 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00458b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections in wounds significantly impair the healing process. The use of natural antibacterial products over synthetic antibiotics has emerged as a new trend to address antimicrobial resistance. An ideal tissue engineering scaffold to treat infected wounds should possess antibacterial properties, while simultaneously promoting tissue regrowth. Synthesis of hydrogel scaffolds with antibacterial properties using hemp shive (HT1/HT2) lignin, sugarcane bagasse (SCB) lignin and cellulose was carried out. All lignin samples had low molecular weights and were constituted of G-type β-5 dimers, linked by β-O-4 bonds, as determined by MALDI-TOF-MS. Hemp lignin was more cytotoxic to mouse fibroblasts (L929) compared to SCB lignin. All lignin samples demonstrated antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, with greater efficiency against Gram-negative strains. 3D hydrogels were engineered by crosslinking SCB lignin with SCB cellulose in varying weight ratios in the presence of epichlorohydrin. The stiffness of the hydrogels could be tailored by varying the lignin concentration. All hydrogels were biocompatible; however, better fibroblast adhesion was observed on the blended hydrogels compared to the 100% cellulose hydrogel, with the cellulose : lignin 70 : 30 hydrogel showing the highest L929 proliferation and best antibacterial properties with a 24-hour bacterial growth reduction ranging from 30.8 to 57.3%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Andrea Laetitia Huët
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Itisha Chummun Phul
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Zhikai Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cai C, Wang G, Xu D, Yan C, Wang L. Oxidation of p-toluenesulfonic acid fractionated hybrid Pennisetum by different methods for carboxylated nanocellulose preparation: The evaluation of efficiency and sustainability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130401. [PMID: 38286170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
An innovative two-step process with p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) and oxidation treatment was proposed for the efficient preparation of carboxylated nanocellulose from hybrid Pennisetum. Approximately 90 % of lignin was dissolved by p-TsOH acid under the optimal condition (80 °C, 20 min). Near-complete delignification (down to 0.5 %) and introduction of carboxylate groups (up to 1.48 mmol/g) could be achieved simultaneously during cellulose oxidation treatments without the requirement for bleaching. However, different oxidation methods expressed different efficiency and sustainability. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation has higher selectivity for the carboxylation reaction but with detriment to the aquatic environment. Fenton oxidation is more energy-consuming due to the lower carboxylate contents of products (maximum 188 μmol/g), with the carboxylic groups present as carboxylic acids, but competitive in terms of environmental sustainability, especially when renewable energy sources are available. The nanocelluloses obtained by the two oxidation methods differ in morphology and have different application prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cai
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dongfei Xu
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cuiqiang Yan
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Promdontree P, Kheolamai P, Ounkaew A, Narain R, Ummartyotin S. Characterization of Cellulose Fiber Derived from Hemp and Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Composite Hydrogel as a Scaffold Material. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4098. [PMID: 37896343 PMCID: PMC10611065 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were successfully extracted and purified from hemp using an alkaline treatment and bleaching process and subsequently used in conjunction with polyvinyl alcohol to form a composite hydrogel. Cellulose nanocrystals (1-10% (w/v)) were integrated into polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium tetraborate (borax) was employed as a crosslinking agent. Due to the small number of cellulose nanocrystals, no significant peak change was observed in the FT-IR spectra compared to pristine polyvinyl alcohol. The porosity was created upon the removal of the water molecules, and the material was thermally stable up to 200 °C. With the presence of cellulose nanocrystals, the melting temperature was slightly shifted to a higher temperature, while the glass transition temperature remained practically unchanged. The swelling behavior was examined for 180 min in deionized water and PBS solution (pH 7.4) at 37 °C. The degree of swelling of the composite with cellulose nanocrystals was found to be higher than that of pristine PVA hydrogel. The cell viability (%) of the prepared hydrogel with different proportions of cellulose nanocrystals was higher than that of pristine PVA hydrogel. Based on the results, the prepared composite hydrogels from cellulose nanocrystals extracted from hemp and polyvinyl alcohol were revealed to be an excellent candidate for scaffold material for medical usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praewa Promdontree
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Artjima Ounkaew
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Sarute Ummartyotin
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aswathy SH, NarendraKumar U, Manjubala I. The influence of molecular weight of cellulose on the properties of carboxylic acid crosslinked cellulose hydrogels for biomedical and environmental applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124282. [PMID: 37023878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels a three-dimensional network structure of hydrophilic polymers have gained significant interest in the field of biomedicine due to its high-water absorption properties and its resemblance to native extracellular matrix. However, the hydrogel's physicochemical properties are important in its ability to serve as a matrix in biomedical applications. The variations on the molecular weight of polymers on the preparation of crosslinked hydrogels may alter the properties. Different molecular weight carboxymethyl cellulose polymers were employed in this work to determine the effect of molecular weight on the physicochemical parameters of the hydrogel's crosslinking reaction. For this study, two distinct molecular weight carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) polymers (Mw, 250,000 and 700,000) and various concentrations of crosslinker solution were used. The hydrogels were prepared through a chemical crosslinking reaction combining CMC and citric acid, which results in the formation of an ester bond between the two polymer chains. The crosslinking reaction is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and total carboxyl content analysis. According to the physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical analysis, we have identified that 7 %, 9 % and 10 % citric acid showed the most promising hydrogels and found 7CMC hydrogel had superior quality. In vitro results demonstrated that the citric acid crosslinked CMC had excellent hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Aswathy
- Department of Biosciences, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - U NarendraKumar
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - I Manjubala
- Department of Biosciences, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan M, Wang L, Wu Y, Wang L, Lu Y. Three-dimensional highly porous hydrogel scaffold for neural circuit dissection and modulation. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:252-262. [PMID: 36521677 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic brain structures and artificial neural networks have provided a simplified strategy for quantitatively investigating the complex structural and functional characteristics of highly interconnected neural networks. To achieve this, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture approaches have attracted much attention, which can mimic cell-cell interactions at the organism level and help better understand the function of specific neurons and neuronal networks than traditional two-dimensional cell culture methods. However, 3D scaffolds similar to the natural extracellular matrix to support the culturing, recording, and manipulation of neurons have long been an unresolved challenge. To resolve this, 3D hydrogel scaffolds can be fabricated via an innovative thermal treatment followed by an esterification process. A highly porous microstructure was formed within the bulk hydrogel scaffold, which showed a high porosity of 91% and a low Young's modulus of 6.11 kPa. Due to the merits of the fabricated hydrogel scaffolds, we constructed 3D neural networks and detected spontaneous action potentials in vitro. We successfully induced seizure-like waveforms in 3D cultured neurons and suppressed hyperactivated discharges by selectively activating γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) interneurons. These results prove the advantages of our hydrogel scaffolds and demonstrate their application potential in the accurate dissection of neural circuits, which may help develop effective treatments for various neurological disorders. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: While 3D cell culture approaches have attracted much attention and offer more advantages than two-dimensional cell culture methods, 3D scaffolds similar to the natural extracellular matrix to support the culturing, recording, and manipulation of neurons have long been an unresolved challenge. Herein, we developed a simplified and low-cost strategy for fabricating highly porous and cytocompatible hydrogel scaffolds for the construction of three-dimensional (3D) neural networks in vitro. The cultured 3D neural networks can mimic the in vivo connection among different neuron subgroups and help accurately dissect and manipulate the structure and function of specific neural circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yiyong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yi Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|