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Jenix Rino J, Suyambulingam I, Divakaran D, Sunesh NP, Singh MK, Vishnuvarthanan M, Sanjay MR, Siengchin S. Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of Thespesia populnea plant leaves based bioplasticizer macromolecules reinforced with polylactic acid biofilms for packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129771. [PMID: 38286386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Plasticizers are active ingredients added to the polymer to increase its workability. Since synthetic plasticizer is not ecofriendly and toxic in nature, it is a real cause for concern. On this basis, our study focuses on plasticizer extraction from plant-based resources. In this research work, Thespesia populnea leaves are utilized for the isolation of biological macromolecules with a plasticizing effect for biofilm applications. This extraction process is done through solvent extraction, amination, slow pyrolysis, and surface catalysis process. The physico-chemical and microstructural characterization of novel plasticizer particles were studied for the first time. The lower crystallinity index and crystalline size obtained from X-ray diffraction is 50.08 % and 20.45 nm respectively. Energy dispersive spectroscopy, particle sizer analysis, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy are used to assess surface morphology of this plasticizer. The thermogram and differential thermal analysis curves give the information about degradation behavior of plasticizers and their thermal stability. The glass transition temperature of the extracted plasticizer is 60.56 °C. The plasticizing effect of the plasticizer is studied through film fabrication of polylactic acid which was blended with the extracted plasticizer. The mechanical property of biofilm was improved with the addition of plasticizer. The elongation break percentage (for 5 % plasticizer 46.12 %) was increased compared to others with moderate tensile strength. However, the tensile and elongation modulus decreases with the increase of plasticizer content. The crystallinity of the PLA film was improved after the plasticization. The thermal stability also increased with 3 % addition of the plasticizer. The isolated plasticizer was soluble in water and its molecular weight ≈380.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jenix Rino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stella Mary's College of Engineering, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu 629202, India
| | - Indran Suyambulingam
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand.
| | - Divya Divakaran
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Narayana Perumal Sunesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Palkulam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu 629401, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - M Vishnuvarthanan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - M R Sanjay
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, Thailand.
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