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Zaharia MM, Bucatariu F, Karayianni M, Lotos ED, Mihai M, Pispas S. Synthesis of Thermoresponsive Chitosan- graft-Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Hybrid Copolymer and Its Complexation with DNA. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1315. [PMID: 38794509 PMCID: PMC11124826 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A hybrid synthetic-natural, thermoresponsive graft copolymer composed of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) side chains, prepared via RAFT polymerization, and a chitosan (Chit) polysaccharide backbone, was synthesized via radical addition-fragmentation reactions using the "grafting to" technique, in aqueous solution. ATR-FTIR, TGA, polyelectrolyte titrations and 1H NMR spectroscopy were employed in order to validate the Chit-g-PNIPAM copolymer chemical structure. Additionally, 1H NMR spectra and back conductometric titration were utilized to quantify the content of grafted PNIPAM side chains. The resulting graft copolymer contains dual functionality, namely both pH responsive free amino groups, with electrostatic complexation/coordination properties, and thermoresponsive PNIPAM side chains. Particle size measurements via dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to study the thermoresponsive behavior of the Chit-g-PNIPAM copolymer. Thermal properties examined by TGA showed that, by the grafting modification with PNIPAM, the Chit structure became more thermally stable. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the copolymer solution was determined by DLS measurements at 25-45 °C. Furthermore, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering measurements demonstrated that the Chit-g-PNIPAM thermoresponsive copolymer is suitable of binding DNA molecules and forms nanosized polyplexes at different amino to phosphate groups ratios, with potential application as gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius-Mihai Zaharia
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
| | - Florin Bucatariu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
| | - Maria Karayianni
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
| | - Elena-Daniela Lotos
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
| | - Marcela Mihai
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.-M.Z.); (F.B.); (M.K.); (E.-D.L.)
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece
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Harun-Or-Rashid M, Aktar MN, Hossain MS, Sarkar N, Islam MR, Arafat ME, Bhowmik S, Yusa SI. Recent Advances in Micro- and Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Based on Natural and Synthetic Biomaterials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4563. [PMID: 38231996 PMCID: PMC10708661 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymeric drug delivery technology, which allows for medicinal ingredients to enter a cell more easily, has advanced considerably in recent decades. Innovative medication delivery strategies use biodegradable and bio-reducible polymers, and progress in the field has been accelerated by future possible research applications. Natural polymers utilized in polymeric drug delivery systems include arginine, chitosan, dextrin, polysaccharides, poly(glycolic acid), poly(lactic acid), and hyaluronic acid. Additionally, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), poly(ethylenimine), dendritic polymers, biodegradable polymers, and bioabsorbable polymers as well as biomimetic and bio-related polymeric systems and drug-free macromolecular therapies have been employed in polymeric drug delivery. Different synthetic and natural biomaterials are in the clinical phase to mitigate different diseases. Drug delivery methods using natural and synthetic polymers are becoming increasingly common in the pharmaceutical industry, with biocompatible and bio-related copolymers and dendrimers having helped cure cancer as drug delivery systems. This review discusses all the above components and how, by combining synthetic and biological approaches, micro- and nano-drug delivery systems can result in revolutionary polymeric drug and gene delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Harun-Or-Rashid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280, Hyogo, Japan; (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.N.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Most. Nazmin Aktar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280, Hyogo, Japan; (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.N.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Md. Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (N.S.); (M.R.I.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Nadia Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (N.S.); (M.R.I.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (N.S.); (M.R.I.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Md. Easin Arafat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.S.H.); (N.S.); (M.R.I.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Shukanta Bhowmik
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280, Hyogo, Japan; (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.N.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Shin-ichi Yusa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280, Hyogo, Japan; (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.N.A.); (S.B.)
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Kurmaz SV, Perepelitsina EO, Vasiliev SG, Avilova IA, Khodos II, Kurmaz VA, Chernyaev DA, Soldatova YV, Filatova NV, Faingold II. Macromolecular Design and Engineering of New Amphiphilic N-Vinylpyrrolidone Terpolymers for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15170. [PMID: 37894851 PMCID: PMC10607074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New amphiphilic VP-(di)methacrylate terpolymers of different monomer compositions and topologies have been synthesized by radical polymerization in toluene without any growth regulator of polymer chains. Their structures and properties in solid state and water solution were studied by double-detector size-exclusion chromatography; IR-, 1H, and 13C NMR-spectroscopy; DLS, TEM, TG, and DSC methods. The composition of the VP-AlkMA-TEGDM monomer mixture has been established to regulate the topology of the resulting macromolecules. The studied terpolymers presented on TEM images as individual low-contrast particles and their conglomerates of various sizes with highly ordered regions; in general, they are amorphous structures. None of the terpolymers demonstrated cytotoxic effects for noncancerous Vero and tumor HeLa cells. Hydrophobic D-α-tocopherol (TP) was encapsulated in terpolymer nanoparticles (NPs), and its antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS (radical monocation 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) or DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods. The reaction efficiency depends on the TP-NP type. The IC50 values for the decolorization reaction of ABTS•+ and DPPH inhibition in the presence of initial and encapsulated TP were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Kurmaz
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Evgenia O. Perepelitsina
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Sergey G. Vasiliev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Irina A. Avilova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Igor I. Khodos
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Vladimir A. Kurmaz
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Dmitry A. Chernyaev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Yuliya V. Soldatova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Natalia V. Filatova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
| | - Irina I. Faingold
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (E.O.P.); (S.G.V.); (I.A.A.); (V.A.K.); (D.A.C.); (Y.V.S.); (N.V.F.); (I.I.F.)
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