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Hrițuc A, Ermolai V, Mihalache AM, Andrușcă L, Dodun O, Nagîț G, Boca MA, Slătineanu L. Compressive Behavior of Some Balls Manufactured by 3D Printing from Ceramic-Polymer Composite Materials. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:150. [PMID: 38276849 PMCID: PMC10821401 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
It is known that ceramic-polymer composite materials can be used to manufacture spherical bodies in the category of balls. Since balls are frequently subjected to compression loads, the paper presents some research results on the compression behavior of balls made of ceramic composite materials with a polymer matrix. The mathematical model of the pressure variation inside the balls highlights the existence of maximum values in the areas of contact with other parts. Experimental research was carried out on balls with a diameter of 20 mm, manufactured by 3D printing from four ceramic-polymer composite materials with a polymer matrix: pottery clay, terracotta, concrete, and granite. The same ceramic-polymer composite material was used, but different dyes were added to it. A gravimetric analysis revealed similar behavior of the four materials upon controlled heating. Through the mathematical processing of the experimental results obtained by compression tests, empirical mathematical models of the power-type function type were determined. These models highlight the influence exerted by different factors on the force at which the initiation of cracks in the ball materials occurs. The decisive influence of the infill factor on the size of the force at which the cracking of the balls begins was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Hrițuc
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Vasile Ermolai
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Andrei Marius Mihalache
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Liviu Andrușcă
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania;
| | - Oana Dodun
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Gheorghe Nagîț
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Marius Andrei Boca
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurențiu Slătineanu
- Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iași, Romania; (V.E.); (A.M.M.); (O.D.); (G.N.); (M.A.B.); (L.S.)
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Wang E, Xiang L, Tang B, Dai X, Cao Z, Jiang T, Wang Y, Chen X, Li W, Zhao Y, Yang K, Wu X. Preparation and Compression Resistance of Lightweight Concrete Filled with Lightweight Calcium Carbonate Reinforced Expanded Polystyrene Foam. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4642. [PMID: 38139894 PMCID: PMC10747142 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lightweight concrete is widely used in the construction industry due to its low density and high strength. In this paper, lightweight concrete was prepared by a simple two-step method. Firstly, the light calcium carbonate reinforced epoxy macrospheres (LCR-EMS) material was obtained by adhering calcium lighter carbonate powder to the expanded polystyrene foam spheres (EPS) material using the "balling method". In the second step, the LCR-EMS was mixed with water, cement, and the hollow glass microspheres (HGMS) material using the "molding method" to obtain lightweight concrete. The combination of macroscopic photographs and microscopic morphology shows that the LCR-EMS material itself is uniformly encapsulated and well bonded to the matrix. Test results show that the density of the lightweight concrete decreases with an increase in the volume fraction of stacked LCR-EMS, the diameter, and the proportion of HGMS in the matrix, but it decreases with a decrease in the number of layers of LCR-EMS. The compressive strength of lightweight concrete exhibits a completely opposite trend. When three layers of LCR-EMS were used as filler material, the density and compressive strength of the concrete were 1.246 g/cm3 and 8.19 MPa, respectively. The density and maximum compressive strength of lightweight concrete were 1.146 g/cm3 and 6.37 Mpa, respectively, when filled with 8-9 mm-2L-90 svol% of LCR-EMS and 40 wt% of HGMS in the matrix. Compared with lightweight concrete filled with 90% EPS, the density increased by 20% while the compressive strength increased by 300%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erke Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, China Shanghai Thermophysical Properties Big Data Professional Technical Service Platform, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China;
- Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311255, China; (L.X.); (B.T.); (X.D.)
| | - Lixue Xiang
- Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311255, China; (L.X.); (B.T.); (X.D.)
| | - Bo Tang
- Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311255, China; (L.X.); (B.T.); (X.D.)
| | - Xuming Dai
- Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311255, China; (L.X.); (B.T.); (X.D.)
| | - Zheng Cao
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.C.); (T.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Tao Jiang
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.C.); (T.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.C.); (T.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- School of Materials & Enviromental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenge Li
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.C.); (T.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuantao Zhao
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.C.); (T.J.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ke Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Xinfeng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, China Shanghai Thermophysical Properties Big Data Professional Technical Service Platform, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China;
- Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311255, China; (L.X.); (B.T.); (X.D.)
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