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Hai W, Liu Y, Tian Y, Chen Z, Chen Y, Bao W, Bai T, Liu J, Liu Y. In Situ Growth of Columnar PEG on PEDOT and Its Antifouling Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38957955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The antifouling properties of conductive polymers have received extensive attention for biosensor and bioelectronic applications. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a well-known antifouling material, but the controlled regulation of the surface topography of PEG without a template remains a challenge. Here, we show a columnar structure antifouling conductive polymer brush with enhanced antifouling properties and considerable conductivity. The method involves synthesizing the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer modified with azide (EDOT-N3), the electropolymerization of PEDOT-N3, and the in situ growth of PEG polymer brushes on PEDOT through double-click reactions. The resultant columnar structure polymer brush exhibits high electrical conductivity (3.5 Ω·cm2), ultrahigh antifouling property, electrochemical stability (capacitance retention was 93.8% after 2000 cycles of CV scans in serum), and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Hai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - YuJia Tian
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210000, China
| | - Zhiran Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yingsong Chen
- School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tong Liao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenji Bao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Tingfang Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jinghai Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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Jahan S, Doyle C, Ghimire A, Combita D, Rainey JK, Wagner BD, Ahmed M. Elucidating the Role of Optical Activity of Polymers in Protein-Polymer Interactions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:65. [PMID: 38201730 PMCID: PMC10781056 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins are biomolecules with potential applications in agriculture, food sciences, pharmaceutics, biotechnology, and drug delivery. Interactions of hydrophilic and biocompatible polymers with proteins may impart proteolytic stability, improving the therapeutic effects of biomolecules and also acting as excipients for the prolonged storage of proteins under harsh conditions. The interactions of hydrophilic and stealth polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol), poly(trehalose), and zwitterionic polymers with various proteins are well studied. This study evaluates the molecular interactions of hydrophilic and optically active poly(vitamin B5 analogous methacrylamide) (poly(B5AMA)) with model proteins by fluorescence spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy analysis. The optically active hydrophilic polymers prepared using chiral monomers of R-(+)- and S-(-)-B5AMA by the photo-iniferter reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization showed concentration-dependent weak interactions of the polymers with bovine serum albumin and lysozyme proteins. Poly(B5AMA) also exhibited a concentration-dependent protein stabilizing effect at elevated temperatures, and no effect of the stereoisomers of polymers on protein thermal stability was observed. NMR analysis, however, showed poly(B5AMA) stereoisomer-dependent changes in the secondary structure of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Jahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (S.J.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (B.D.W.)
| | - Catherine Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (S.J.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (B.D.W.)
| | - Anupama Ghimire
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (A.G.); (J.K.R.)
| | - Diego Combita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (S.J.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (B.D.W.)
| | - Jan K. Rainey
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (A.G.); (J.K.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Brian D. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (S.J.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (B.D.W.)
| | - Marya Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (S.J.); (C.D.); (D.C.); (B.D.W.)
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
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