1
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Mengguo Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Eric W. Cochran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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2
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Dockhorn R, Plüschke L, Geisler M, Zessin J, Lindner P, Mundil R, Merna J, Sommer JU, Lederer A. Polyolefins Formed by Chain Walking Catalysis-A Matter of Branching Density Only? J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15586-15596. [PMID: 31438682 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed chain walking (CW) catalysis is an elegant approach to produce materials with controllable structure and properties. However, there is still a lack in understanding of how the reaction mechanism influences the macromolecular structures. In this study, a series of dendritic polyethylenes (PE) synthesized by Pd-α-diimine-complex through CW catalysis (CWPE) is investigated by means of theory and experiment. Thereby, the exceptional ability of in situ tailoring polymer structure by varying synthesis parameters was exploited to tune the branching architecture, which allowed us to establish a precise relationship between synthesis, structure, and solution properties. The systematically produced polymers were characterized by state-of-the-art multidetector separation and neutron scattering experiments as well as atomic force microscopy to access molecular properties of CWPE. On a global scale, the CWPE appear in a worm-like conformation independently on the synthesis conditions. However, severe differences in their contraction factors suggested that CWPE differ substantially in topology. These observations were verified by NMR studies that showed that CWPE possess a constant total number of branches but varying branching distribution. Small angle neutron scattering experiments gave access to structural characteristics from global to segmental scale and revealed the unique heterogeneity of CWPE, which is predominantly based on differences in their dendritic side chains. The experimental data were compared to theoretical CW structures modeled with different reaction-to-walking probabilities. Simple theoretical arguments predict a crossover from dendritic to linear topologies yielding a structural range from purely linear to dendritic chain growth. Yet, comparison of theoretical and empirical scattering curves gave the first evidence that a transition state to worm-like topologies is actually experimentally accessible. This crossover regime is characterized by linear global features and dendritic local substructures contrary to randomly hyperbranched systems. Instead, the obtained CWPE systems have characteristics of disordered dendritic bottle brushes and can be adjusted by the walking rate/reaction probability of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Dockhorn
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Laura Plüschke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Martin Geisler
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Johanna Zessin
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Peter Lindner
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) , 71 Avenue des Martyrs , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Robert Mundil
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Jan Merna
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague , Technická 5 , 16628 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
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3
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Kim I, Pascal TA, Park SJ, Diallo M, Goddard III WA, Jung Y. pH-Dependent Conformations for Hyperbranched Poly(ethylenimine) from All-Atom Molecular Dynamics. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In Kim
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Tod A. Pascal
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Department of Bioresources and Rural Systems Engineering, Hankyong National University, Kyonggi 17579, South Korea
| | - Mamadou Diallo
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - William A. Goddard III
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yousung Jung
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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4
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Filipe LCS, Machuqueiro M, Darbre T, Baptista AM. Exploring the Structural Properties of Positively Charged Peptide Dendrimers. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:11323-11330. [PMID: 27739676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b09156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a combined experimental and computational approach to study the structural behavior of positively charged peptide dendrimers. Third-generation dendrimers containing combinations of positive/neutral amino acid residues in the different dendrimer generations were synthesized and their overall size evaluated using diffusion NMR. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to obtain a comprehensive description of the molecular-level phenomena substantiating the structural differences observed. Comparison of the results presented with previous findings reveals a striking charge-dependent tendency in these systems, where the simple number and placement of charged amino acids in the sequence allows an extensive control over the exhibited structural features. Indeed, we observe that peptide dendrimers bearing progressively higher amounts of charged residues are characterized by an increasing structural plasticity, with a myriad of conformational states equally accessible to them. On the other hand, dendrimers containing only small amounts of charged residues evidence, to some extent, a characteristic structural rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís C S Filipe
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa , 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tamis Darbre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - António M Baptista
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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5
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Yu C, Ma L, Li S, Tan H, Zhou Y, Yan D. HBP Builder: A Tool to Generate Hyperbranched Polymers and Hyperbranched Multi-Arm Copolymers for Coarse-grained and Fully Atomistic Molecular Simulations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26264. [PMID: 27188541 PMCID: PMC4870682 DOI: 10.1038/srep26264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer simulation has been becoming a versatile tool that can investigate detailed information from the microscopic scale to the mesoscopic scale. However, the crucial first step of molecular simulation is model building, particularly for hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) and hyperbranched multi-arm copolymers (HBMCs) with complex and various topological structures. Unlike well-defined polymers, not only the molar weight of HBPs/HBMCs with polydispersity, but the HBPs/HBMCs with the same degree of polymerization (DP) and degree of branching (DB) also have many possible topological structures, thus making difficulties for user to build model in molecular simulation. In order to build a bridge between model building and molecular simulation of HBPs and HBMCs, we developed HBP Builder, a C language open source HBPs/HBMCs building toolkit. HBP Builder implements an automated protocol to build various coarse-grained and fully atomistic structures of HBPs/HBMCs according to user's specific requirements. Meanwhile, coarse-grained and fully atomistic output structures can be directly employed in popular simulation packages, including HOOMD, Tinker and Gromacs. Moreover, HBP Builder has an easy-to-use graphical user interface and the modular architecture, making it easy to extend and reuse it as a part of other program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Haina Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Yu C, Ma L, Li K, Li S, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Yan D. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of hyperbranched polyglycerols and their encapsulation behaviors of small drug molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:22446-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03726g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Computer simulation could disclose more details about the conformations of HPGs and their encapsulation behaviors of guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yannan Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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