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Hosoya R, Morita H. Stress Chain Analysis for an ABA Triblock Copolymer Using Principal Component Scores. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7035-7047. [PMID: 37506030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Researchers characterize the mechanical properties of ABA triblock copolymers by structures such as chain conformation. During elongation, bridge chains are stretched and act as a stress chain. Some loop chains also act as a stress chain because of the transmission of stress through an entanglement of loop chains. The stress chain, including the entangled loop chains, in an ABA triblock copolymer that exhibits a body-centered cubic structure was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), using the physical data for the B block obtained by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Local deformation of the A domains caused by the stress chains was also analyzed by PCA of the A block. The dynamics of the stress chain strongly corresponded to the recombination of the A domains; shrinkage because of domain breakage, replacement of stress chains, and biased stress distribution as well as its time dependence were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Hosoya
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morita
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
- Mathematics for Advanced Materials─OIL, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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2
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Huo Z, Skala SJ, Falck LR, Laaser JE, Statt A. Computational Study of Mechanochemical Activation in Nanostructured Triblock Copolymers. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:467-477. [PMID: 36536889 PMCID: PMC9756960 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Force-driven chemical reactions have emerged as an attractive platform for diverse applications in polymeric materials. However, the microscopic chain conformations and topologies necessary for efficiently transducing macroscopic forces to the molecular scale are not well-understood. In this work, we use a coarse-grained model to investigate the impact of network-like topologies on mechanochemical activation in self-assembled triblock copolymers. We find that mechanochemical activation during tensile deformation depends strongly on both the polymer composition and chain conformation in these materials. Activation primarily occurs in the tie chains connecting different glassy domains and in loop chains that are hooked onto each other by physical entanglements. Activation also requires a higher stress in materials having a higher glassy block content. Overall, the lamellar samples show the highest percent activation at high stress. In contrast, at low stress, the spherical morphology, which has the lowest glassy fraction, shows the highest activation. Additionally, we observe a spatial pattern of activation, which appears to be tied to distortion of the self-assembled morphology. Higher activation is observed in the tips of the chevrons formed during deformation of lamellar samples as well as in the centers between the cylinders in the cylindrical morphology. Our work shows that changes in the network-like topology in different morphologies significantly impact mechanochemical activation efficiencies in these materials, suggesting that this area will be a fruitful avenue for further experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Huo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen J Skala
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana−Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lavinia R Falck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jennifer E Laaser
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Antonia Statt
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana−Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
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Chen CY, Escobedo FA. Molecular Simulations of Laser Spike Annealing of Block Copolymer Lamellar Thin-Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5754-5764. [PMID: 32365301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We use molecular dynamics simulations to study the phase behavior of a coarse-grained lamella-forming A-b-B diblock copolymer under thin-film soft confinement for different heating cycle lengths, film thicknesses, and substrate-polymer affinities. This model describes the effect on thin-film morphology with a free surface (air-polymer interface) and a solid substrate. Our simulation results were first validated by showing that they capture changes for the order-disorder transition temperature with annealing conditions consistent with those found in laser spike annealing experiments, when the vertical lamella phase formed on neutral substrates. In addition, simulations with a substrate selective for a particular block revealed the formation of other phases, including a mixed vertical-horizontal lamella and a metastable island phase having horizontal but incomplete lamella layers. The nanoscale roughness features of this island phase, and hence its surface wettability, can be tuned with suitable choices of chemistry and annealing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yin Chen
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Fernando A Escobedo
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Moghimikheirabadi A, Ilg P, Sagis LMC, Kröger M. Surface Rheology and Structure of Model Triblock Copolymers at a Liquid–Vapor Interface: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Ilg
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
| | - Leonard M. C. Sagis
- Food Physics Group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
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5
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Structural and Mechanical Properties of Ionic Di-block Copolymers via a Molecular Dynamics Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101546. [PMID: 31547576 PMCID: PMC6835995 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerized ionic copolymers have recently evolved as a new class of materials to overcome the limited range of mechanical properties of ionic homopolymers. In this paper, we investigate the structural and mechanical properties of charged ionic homopolymers and di-block copolymers, while using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. Tensile and compressive deformation are applied to the homopolymers and copolymers in the glassy state. The effect of charge ratio and loading direction on the stress-strain behavior are studied. It is found that the electrostatic interactions among charged pairs play major roles, as evidenced by increased Young’s modulus and yield strength with charge ratio. Increased charge ratio lead to enhanced stress contribution from both bonding and pairwise (Van der Waals + coulombic) interaction. The increase in the gyration of the radius is observed with increasing charge ratio in homopolymers, yet a reversed tendency is observed in copolymers. Introduced charge pairs leads to an increased randomness in the segmental orientation in copolymers.
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Hagita K, Akutagawa K, Tominaga T, Jinnai H. Scattering patterns and stress-strain relations on phase-separated ABA block copolymers under uniaxial elongating simulations. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:926-936. [PMID: 30644499 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02363h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To develop molecularly based interpretations of the two-dimensional scattering patterns (2DSPs) of phase-separated block copolymers (BCPs), we performed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of ABA tri-BCPs under uniaxial stretching for block-fractions where the A-segment (glassy domain) is smaller than the B-segment (rubbery domain), and estimated the behaviour of their 2DSPs. In BCP stretching experiments, mechanical properties are generally evaluated using a stress-strain curve. We obtained 2DSPs with different contrasts for the A- and B-segments, which are indicative of the differences between X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. The small- and wide-angle behaviours of the 2DSPs originate from the morphologies of the phase-separated domains and local bond orientations, respectively. When the block-fractions are changed for a constant stress value on the stress-strain (SS) curve, the brightness of the spots in the wide-angle region of the A- and B-segment-dominant 2DSPs decreases and increases with increasing strain, respectively. We can regard the systematic changes in the small-angle 2DSPs of the glassy domain and the wide-angle 2DSPs of the rubbery domain with changes in the SS-curve as a structure-property relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Hagita
- Department of Applied Physics, National Defense Academy, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka 239-8686, Japan.
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Trazkovich AJ, Wendt MF, Hall LM. Effect of Copolymer Sequence on Local Viscoelastic Properties near a Nanoparticle. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Trazkovich
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Cooper Tire & Rubber Company, 701 Lima Ave., Findlay, Ohio 45840, United States
| | - Mitchell F. Wendt
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lisa M. Hall
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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8
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Ni F, Wang G, Zhao H. The effects of urea and caprolactam on the molecular mechanisms and elastic modulus of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 87:10-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yin F, Tang C, Li X, Wang X. Effect of Moisture on Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Meta-Aramid Fiber Used in Insulating Paper. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E537. [PMID: 30965841 PMCID: PMC6418652 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven composite models of meta-aramid fibers with different moisture contents were studied using molecular dynamics simulation. The effects of moisture on the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the fibers and their mechanisms were analyzed, considering characteristics such as hydrogen bonding, free volume, mean square displacement, and mechanical parameters. The simulation results showed that the large number of hydrogen bonds between water molecules and meta-aramid fibers destroyed the original hydrogen-bond network. Hydrogen bonds between the molecular chains of meta-aramid fibers were first destroyed, and their number decreased with increasing moisture content. The free volume of the fibers thereby increased, the interactions between fiber chains weakened with increasing moisture content, and the fiber chain movement intensified accordingly. The ratio of diffusion coefficients of the water molecules to moisture contents of the composite models increased linearly, and the water molecule diffusion increased, which accelerated the rate of damage to the original hydrogen-bond network of the meta-aramid fibers and further reduced their thermal stability. In general, the mechanical properties of the composites were negatively related to their moisture content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chao Tang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, SO171BJ Southampton, UK.
| | - Xu Li
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Liu J, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Shen J, Chen Y, Zheng Z, Zhang L, Lyulin AV. Self-Assembly of Block Copolymer Chains To Promote the Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Polymer Nanocomposites. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9311-9318. [PMID: 28892620 PMCID: PMC5632811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b08670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we adopt molecular dynamics simulations to study the amphiphilic AB block copolymer (BCP) mediated nanoparticle (NP) dispersion in polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), with the A-block being compatible with the NPs and the B-block being miscible with the polymer matrix. The effects of the number and components of BCP, as well as the interaction strength between A-block and NPs on the spatial organization of NPs, are explored. We find that the increase of the fraction of the A-block brings different dispersion effect to NPs than that of B-block. We also find that the best dispersion state of the NPs occurs in the case of a moderate interaction strength between the A-block and the NPs. Meanwhile, the stress-strain behavior is probed. Our simulation results verify that adopting BCP is an effective way to adjust the dispersion of NPs in the polymer matrix, further to manipulate the mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing
City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing
City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing
City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jianxiang Shen
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing
City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for
Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green
Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education,
Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing
City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Alexey V. Lyulin
- Theory of Polymers and Soft Matter, Department
of Applied Physics Technische Universiteit
Eindhoven, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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