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Grebel H, Yu S, Zhang Y. Active carbon based supercapacitors with Au colloids: the case of placing the colloids in close proximity to the electrode interface. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:179-190. [PMID: 36605810 PMCID: PMC9765521 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00794k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Supercapacitors (SCs) are short-term energy storage elements that find many applications, e.g., electronic charging devices and suppressors of power fluctuations in grids that are interfaced with sustainable sources. The capacitance of an ordinary capacitor increases when dispersing metallic colloids in its dielectric. A similar strategy for SCs means deployment of nano-scale metal colloids (in our case, Au nanoparticles, or AuNPs) at the very narrow interface between an electrolyte and a porous electrode (here, active carbon film, AC, on a grafoil current collector). Unlike previous studies, here we placed AuNPs at a small distance from the electrode. This was achieved by coating the AuNPs with a negatively charged ligand that also enables strong adhesion to the electrode. A very large specific capacitance amplification was demonstrated: for example, C-V data at a scan rate of 20 mV s-1 indicated a specific capacitance amplification of more than 10 when 30 μg of AuNPs was incorporated with 200 mg of active carbon while using a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte and a 5% cellulose acetate butyrate binder. Upon replacing the 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte with 1 M KOH, and keeping the same set of electrodes, the amplification factor decreased but remained large, ∼3, as determined using C-V traces at the same scan rate. This proves that the AuNPs adhered well to the AC electrodes. Simulations indicated the importance of keeping the AuNPs in close proximity to the electrodes, but not in direct contact with them, in order to maintain a substantial amplified polarization effect. Unlike semiconductor embedded electrodes, optical effects were found to be minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Grebel
- Center for Energy Efficiency, Resilience and Innovation (CEERI), The ECE Department at the New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Shupei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science at the New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science at the New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
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Nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel synthesis by solvothermal gelation for supercapacitor application. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Xiong R, Xu X, Tian X, Wang C. High Temperature Modified Covalent Triazine Framework for High-efficiency and Ultra-cycle Stable Symmetric Supercapacitor. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Zhenni Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Xuefang Tian
- R&D Centre, Hebei Veyong Bio-Chemical Co. Ltd, Shijizhuang, 050031, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Hebei Vocational University of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
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Green and Highly-Efficient Microwave Synthesis Route for Sulfur/Carbon Composite for Li-S Battery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010039. [PMID: 35008462 PMCID: PMC8744887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiporous carbons (MPCs) are prepared using ZnO as a hard template and biomass pyrolysis oil as the carbon source. It is shown that the surface area, pore volume, and mesopore/micropore ratio of the as-prepared MPCs can be easily controlled by adjusting the ZnO/oil ratio. Sulfur/MPC (S/MPC) composite is prepared by blending sulfur powder with the as-prepared MPCs followed by microwave heating at three different powers (100 W/200 W/300 W) for 60 s. The unique micro/mesostructure characteristics of the resulting porous carbons not only endow the S/MPC composite with sufficient available space for sulfur storage, but also provide favorable and efficient channels for Li-ions/electrons transportation. When applied as the electrode material in a lithium-ion battery (LIB), the S/MPC composite shows a reversible capacity (about 500 mAh g−1) and a high columbic efficiency (>95%) after 70 cycles. Overall, the method proposed in this study provides a simple and green approach for the rapid production of MPCs and S/MPC composite for high-performance LIBs.
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Ilnicka A, Skorupska M, Szkoda M, Zarach Z, Kamedulski P, Zielinski W, Lukaszewicz JP. Combined effect of nitrogen-doped functional groups and porosity of porous carbons on electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18387. [PMID: 34526635 PMCID: PMC8443607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, nitrogen-doped porous carbons obtained from chitosan, gelatine, and green algae were investigated in their role as supercapacitor electrodes. The effects of three factors on electrochemical performance have been studied-of the specific surface area, functional groups, and a porous structure. Varying nitrogen contents (from 5.46 to 10.08 wt.%) and specific surface areas (from 532 to 1095 m2 g-1) were obtained by modifying the carbon precursor and the carbonization temperature. Doping nitrogen into carbon at a level of 5.74-7.09 wt.% appears to be the optimum for obtaining high electrochemical capacitance. The obtained carbons exhibited high capacitance (231 F g-1 at 0.1 A g-1) and cycle durability in a 0.2 mol L-1 K2SO4 electrolyte. Capacitance retention was equal to 91% at 5 A g-1 after 10,000 chronopotentiometry cycles. An analysis of electrochemical behaviour reveals the influence that nitrogen functional groups have on pseudocapacitance. While quaternary-N and pyrrolic-N nitrogen groups have an enhancing effect, due to the presence of a positive charge and thus improved electron transfer at high current loads, the most important functional group affecting energy storage performance is graphite-N/quaternary-N. The study points out that the search for the most favourable organic precursors is as important as the process of converting precursors to carbon-based electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ilnicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Skorupska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz Szkoda
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
- Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Zarach
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamedulski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Wojciech Zielinski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Jerzy P Lukaszewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100, Torun, Poland
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Optically Controlled Supercapacitors: Functional Active Carbon Electrodes with Semiconductor Particles. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154183. [PMID: 34361385 PMCID: PMC8347783 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supercapacitors, S-C-capacitors that take advantage of the large capacitance at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte-have found many short-term energy applications. The parallel plate cells were made of two transparent electrodes (ITO), each covered with a semiconductor-embedded, active carbon (A-C) layer. While A-C appears black, it is not an ideal blackbody absorber that absorbs all spectral light indiscriminately. In addition to a relatively flat optical absorption background, A-C exhibits two distinct absorption bands: in the near-infrared (near-IR and in the blue. The first may be attributed to absorption by the OH- group and the latter, by scattering, possibly through surface plasmons at the pore/electrolyte interface. Here, optical and thermal effects of sub-μm SiC particles that are embedded in A-C electrodes, are presented. Similar to nano-Si particles, SiC exhibits blue band absorption, but it is less likely to oxidize. Using Charge-Discharge (CD) experiments, the relative optically related capacitance increase may be as large as ~34% (68% when the illuminated area is taken into account). Capacitance increase was noted as the illuminated samples became hotter. This thermal effect amounts to <20% of the overall relative capacitance change using CD experiments. The thermal effect was quite large when the SiC particles were replaced by CdSe/ZnS quantum dots; for the latter, the thermal effect was 35% compared to 10% for the optical effect. When analyzing the optical effect one may consider two processes: ionization of the semiconductor particles and charge displacement under the cell's terminals-a dipole effect. A model suggests that the capacitance increase is related to an optically induced dipole effect.
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Sud D, Kaur G. A comprehensive review on synthetic approaches for metal-organic frameworks: From traditional solvothermal to greener protocols. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Self-Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbons Derived from Poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) for the Removal of Toxic Dye Pollutants from Wastewater: Non-Linear Isotherm and Kinetic Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112563. [PMID: 33142894 PMCID: PMC7693505 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The high surface area and porosity of self-nitrogen-doped porous carbons (SNPCs) nominates them for potential application in water treatment due to their high efficiency towards the removal of various pollutants. In this study, SNPCs were fabricated from poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) (P(1,5-DANPh) by single and simultaneous carbonization at the activation step at different temperatures (600, 700, and 800 °C). The carbonization's temperature plays a vital role in controlling the nitrogen-doping, surface area, porosity, and morphology of SNPCs. The SNPCs-7 sample prepared at 700 °C showed the highest surface area (1678.8 m2 g-1) with pore volume (0.943 cm3 g-1) with a micro/meso porous structure. The prepared SNPCs were used as an effective adsorbent for removal of crystal violet dye (CV) from contaminated water. SNPCs-7 showed the highest adsorption of 487.53 mg g-1 and the adsorption capacity of the SNPCs samples follows the order SNPCs-7 > SNPCs-8 > SNPCs-6, which is consistent with the results of their surface area and porosity. The adsorption for CV dye followed Freundlich isotherm models and a pseudo second order kinetic model. The negative values of Gipps free energy (ΔG°) and positive value of enthalpy (ΔH°) indicated that the adsorption of CV dye onto the surface of SNPCs was a spontaneous and endothermic process, respectively. Based on the results, the adsorption mechanism of CV dye onto the surface of SNPCs was proposed.
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Template free one pot synthesis of heteroatom doped porous Carbon Electrodes for High performance symmetric supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lu F, Lu Y, Zhu M, Dai B. Macroporous Carbon Material with High Nitrogen Content for Excellent Catalytic Performance of Acetylene Hydrochlorination. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shihezi University Xinjiang 832000 China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan Xinjiang 832000 China
| | - Mingyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shihezi University Xinjiang 832000 China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan Xinjiang 832000 China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shihezi University Xinjiang 832000 China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan Xinjiang 832000 China
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Biological cell template synthesis of nitrogen-doped porous hollow carbon spheres/MnO2 composites for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Du W, Wang X, Sun X, Zhan J, Zhang H, Zhao X. Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon using biomass-derived activated carbon/carbonized polyaniline composites for supercapacitor electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Pang S, Chen W, Yang Z, Liu Z, Fan X, Fang D. Facile Synthesis of Polyaniline Nanotubes with Square Capillary Using Urea as Template. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E510. [PMID: 30965813 PMCID: PMC6418648 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyaniline nanotubes were successfully synthesized by a facile in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method using urea as soft template. When the urea/aniline molar ratio is 3:1, the as-prepared nanotubular polyaniline (PANI-3) shows regular and uniform square capillaries, which provides a high electrode/electrolyte contact, easy ion diffusion and enhanced electroactive regions during the electrochemical process, leading to weak internal resistance and improved electrochemical performance. The PANI-3 sample exhibits a high specific capacitance of 405 F/g at current density of 0.2 A/g, and PANI only has a specific capacitance of 263 F/g. At current density of 1 A/g, the capacitance of PANI-3 is still 263 F/g (64.9% of the capacitance at 0.2 A/g). Such a PANI-3 nanotube, with regular and uniform capillary, is a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Pang
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Zhewei Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
- BengBu Center of Product Quality Supervising and Inspection, BengBu 233000, China.
| | - Xin Fan
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Dong Fang
- Key Lab of Green Processing and Functional Textiles of New Textile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430700, China.
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Feng Y, Sun R, Chen M, Liu C, Wang Q. Simulation of the morphological structures of electrospun membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Runjun Sun
- School of Textiles and Materials; Xi'an Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Meiyu Chen
- School of Textiles and Materials; Xi'an Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Chengkun Liu
- School of Textiles and Materials; Xi'an Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710048 China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
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