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Nayak V, Mannekote Shivanna J, Ramu S, Radoor S, Balakrishna RG. Efficacy of Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes on Fouling Mitigation: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:43346-43363. [PMID: 36506161 PMCID: PMC9730468 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of high contaminant removal, operational flexibility, and technical advancements offered, the undesirable fouling property of membranes limits their durability, thus posing restrictions on their usage. An enormous struggle is underway to conquer this major challenge. Most of the earlier reviews include the basic concepts of fouling and antifouling, with respect to particular separation processes such as ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and membrane bioreactors, graphene-based membranes, zwitterionic membranes, and so on. As per our knowledge, the importance of nanofiber membranes in challenging the fouling process has not been included in any record to date. Nanofibers with the ability to be embedded in any medium with a high surface to volume ratio play a key role in mitigating the fouling of membranes, and it is important for these studies to be critically analyzed and reported. Our Review hence intends to focus on nanofiber membranes developed with enhanced antifouling and biofouling properties with a brief introduction on fabrication processes and surface and chemical modifications. A summary on surface modifications of preformed nanofibers is given along with different nanofiller combinations used and blend fabrication with efficacy in wastewater treatment and antifouling abilities. In addition, future prospects and advancements are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Nayak
- Institute
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice-532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jyothi Mannekote Shivanna
- Department
of Chemistry, AMC Engineering College, Bannerughatta Road, Bengaluru 260083, Karnataka, India
| | - Shwetharani Ramu
- Centre
for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Sabarish Radoor
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International
Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - R. Geetha Balakrishna
- Centre
for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India
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2
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Dmitrieva ES, Anokhina TS, Novitsky EG, Volkov VV, Borisov IL, Volkov AV. Polymeric Membranes for Oil-Water Separation: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050980. [PMID: 35267801 PMCID: PMC8912433 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to the application of bulk synthetic polymers such as polysulfone (PSf), polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for the separation of oil-water emulsions. Due to the high hydrophobicity of the presented polymers and their tendency to be contaminated with water-oil emulsions, methods for the hydrophilization of membranes based on them were analyzed: the mixing of polymers, the introduction of inorganic additives, and surface modification. In addition, membranes based on natural hydrophilic materials (cellulose and its derivatives) are given as a comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatyana S. Anokhina
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(495)-647-59-27 (ext. 202); Fax: +7-(495)-633-85-20
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3
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Boyraz E, Yalcinkaya F. Hydrophilic Surface-Modified PAN Nanofibrous Membranes for Efficient Oil-Water Emulsion Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020197. [PMID: 33430388 PMCID: PMC7827773 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to protect the environment, it is important that oily industrial wastewater is degreased before discharging. Membrane filtration is generally preferred for separation of oily wastewater as it does not require any specialised chemical knowledge, and also for its ease of processing, energy efficiency and low maintenance costs. In the present work, hybrid polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes were developed for oily wastewater filtration. Membrane surface modification changed nitrile groups on the surface into carboxylic groups, which improve membrane wettability. Subsequently, TiO2 nanoparticles were grafted onto the modified membranes to increase flux and permeability. Following alkaline treatment (NaOH, KOH) of the hydrolysed PAN nanofibres, membrane water permeability increased two- to eight-fold, while TiO2 grafted membrane permeability increase two- to thirteen-fold, compared to unmodified membranes. TiO2 grafted membranes also displayed amphiphilic properties and a decrease in water contact angle from 78.86° to 0°. Our results indicate that modified PAN nanofibrous membranes represent a promising alternative for oily wastewater filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Boyraz
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +42-04-8535-3389
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4
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Upgrading polytetrafluoroethylene hollow-fiber membranes by CFD-optimized atomic layer deposition. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Feng Y, Guo N, Ren S, Xie X, Xu J, Wang Y. AgNPs@ZIF‐8 Hybrid Material‐Modified Polyethersulfone Microfiltration Membranes for Antibiofouling Property and Permeability Improvement. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Shandong University Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering 266237 Qingdao China
- Shandong University of Science and Technology College of Mining and Safety Engineering 266590 Qingdao Shandong China
| | - Ning Guo
- Shandong University Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering 266237 Qingdao China
- Shandong Jianzhu University School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering 250101 Jinan China
| | - Shaojie Ren
- Shandong University Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering 266237 Qingdao China
| | - Xuan Xie
- IHE Delft Institute for Water Education 2622 HD Delft The Netherlands
| | - Juan Xu
- East China Normal University Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Yunkun Wang
- Shandong University Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering 266237 Qingdao China
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6
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Yusof MR, Shamsudin R, Zakaria S, Azmi Abdul Hamid M, Yalcinkaya F, Abdullah Y, Yacob N. Electron-Beam Irradiation of the PLLA/CMS/β-TCP Composite Nanofibers Obtained by Electrospinning. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071593. [PMID: 32709111 PMCID: PMC7408529 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofibrous materials produced by electrospinning processes have potential advantages in tissue engineering because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, biomimetic architecture, and excellent mechanical properties. The aim of the current work is to study the influence of the electron beam on the poly L-lactide acid/ carboxy-methyl starch/β-tricalcium phosphate (PLLA/CMS/β-TCP) composite nanofibers for potential applications as bone-tissue scaffolds. The composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning in the combination of 5% v/v carboxy-methyl starch (CMS) and 0.25 wt% of β-TCP with the PLLA as a matrix component. The composites nanofibers were exposed under 5, 30, and 100 kGy of irradiation dose. The electron-beam irradiation showed no morphological damage to the fibers, and slight reduction in the water-contact angle and mechanical strength at the higher-irradiation doses. The chain scission was found to be a dominant effect; the higher doses of electron-beam irradiation thus increased the in vitro degradation rate of the composite nanofibers. The chemical interaction due to irradiation was indicated by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and thermal behavior was investigated by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results showed that the electron-beam-induced poly L-lactide acid/carboxy-methyl starch/β-tricalcium phosphate (PLLA/CMS/β-TCP) composite nanofibers may have great potential for bone-tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Reusmaazran Yusof
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia; (R.S.); (S.Z.); (N.Y.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.Y.); (M.A.A.H.); (F.Y.); Tel.: +60-03-89213404 (M.R.Y.)
| | - Roslinda Shamsudin
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia; (R.S.); (S.Z.); (N.Y.)
| | - Sarani Zakaria
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia; (R.S.); (S.Z.); (N.Y.)
| | - Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia; (R.S.); (S.Z.); (N.Y.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.Y.); (M.A.A.H.); (F.Y.); Tel.: +60-03-89213404 (M.R.Y.)
| | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (M.R.Y.); (M.A.A.H.); (F.Y.); Tel.: +60-03-89213404 (M.R.Y.)
| | - Yusof Abdullah
- Material Technology Group, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, 43300 Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norzita Yacob
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia; (R.S.); (S.Z.); (N.Y.)
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A Review on Membrane Technology and Chemical Surface Modification for the Oily Wastewater Treatment. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020493. [PMID: 31968692 PMCID: PMC7013497 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cleaning of wastewater for the environment is an emerging issue for the living organism. The separation of oily wastewater, especially emulsified mixtures, is quite challenged due to a large amount of wastewater produced in daily life. In this review, the membrane technology for oily wastewater treatment is presented. In the first part, the global membrane market, the oil spill accidents and their results are discussed. In the second and third parts, the source of oily wastewater and conventional treatment methods are represented. Among all methods, membrane technology is considered the most efficient method in terms of high separation performance and easy to operation process. In the fourth part, we provide an overview of membrane technology, fouling problem, and how to improve the self-cleaning surface using functional groups for effectively treating oily wastewater. The recent development of surface-modified membranes for oily wastewater separation is investigated. It is believed that this review will promote understanding of membrane technology and the development of surface modification strategies for anti-fouling membranes.
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8
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Electrospinning on 3D Printed Polymers for Mechanically Stabilized Filter Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11122034. [PMID: 31818001 PMCID: PMC6960595 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a frequently used method to prepare air and water filters. Electrospun nanofiber mats can have very small pores, allowing for filtering of even the smallest particles or molecules. In addition, their high surface-to-volume ratio allows for the integration of materials which may additionally treat the filtered material through photo-degradation, possess antimicrobial properties, etc., thus enhancing their applicability. However, the fine nanofiber mats are prone to mechanical damage. Possible solutions include reinforcement by embedding them in composites or gluing them onto layers that are more mechanically stable. In a previous study, we showed that it is generally possible to stabilize electrospun nanofiber mats by 3D printing rigid polymer layers onto them. Since this procedure is not technically easy and needs some experience to avoid delamination as well as damaging the nanofiber mat by the hot nozzle, here we report on the reversed technique (i.e., first 3D printing a rigid scaffold and subsequently electrospinning the nanofiber mat on top of it). We show that, although the adhesion between both materials is insufficient in the case of a common rigid printing polymer, nanofiber mats show strong adhesion to 3D printed scaffolds from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). This paves the way to a second approach of combining 3D printing and electrospinning in order to prepare mechanically stable filters with a nanofibrous surface.
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Stabilization of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats Used for Filters by 3D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101618. [PMID: 31590455 PMCID: PMC6835246 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a well-known technology used to create nanofiber mats from diverse polymers and other materials. Due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, such nanofiber mats are often applied as air or water filters. Especially the latter, however, have to be mechanically highly stable, which is challenging for common nanofiber mats. One of the approaches to overcome this problem is gluing them on top of more rigid objects, integrating them in composites, or reinforcing them using other technologies to avoid damage due to the water pressure. Here, we suggest another solution. While direct 3D printing with the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique on macroscopic textile fabrics has been under examination by several research groups for years, here we report on direct FDM printing on nanofiber mats for the first time. We show that by choosing the proper height of the printing nozzle above the nanofiber mat, printing is possible for raw polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats, as well as for stabilized and even more brittle carbonized material. Under these conditions, the adhesion between both parts of the composite is high enough to prevent the nanofiber mat from being peeled off the 3D printed polymer. Abrasion tests emphasize the significantly increased mechanical properties, while contact angle examinations reveal a hydrophilicity between the original values of the electrospun and the 3D printed materials.
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10
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Surface-Modified Nanofibrous PVDF Membranes for Liquid Separation Technology. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172702. [PMID: 31450788 PMCID: PMC6747603 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Preparing easily scaled up, cost-effective, and recyclable membranes for separation technology is challenging. In the present study, a unique and new type of modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membrane was prepared for the separation of oil–water emulsions. Surface modification was done in two steps. In the first step, dehydrofluorination of PVDF membranes was done using an alkaline solution. After the first step, oil removal and permeability of the membranes were dramatically improved. In the second step, TiO2 nanoparticles were grafted onto the surface of the membranes. After adding TiO2 nanoparticles, membranes exhibited outstanding anti-fouling and self-cleaning performance. The as-prepared membranes can be of great use in new green separation technology and have great potential to deal with the separation of oil–water emulsions in the near future.
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Roche R, Yalcinkaya F. Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibrous Membranes for Point-of-Use Water and Air Cleaning. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:97-103. [PMID: 30693173 PMCID: PMC6345220 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes were prepared by using heat-press lamination under various conditions. The air permeability and the burst-pressure tests were run to select the membranes for point-of-use air and water cleaning. Membrane characterization was performed by using scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, and average pore size measurements. Selected membranes were used for both air dust filtration and cross-flow water filtration tests. Air dust filter results indicated that electrospun PAN nanofibrous membranes showed very high air-dust filtration efficiency of more than 99.99 % in between PM0.3 and PM2.5, whereas cross-flow filtration test showed very high water permeability over 600 L/(m2hbar) after 6 h of operation. Combining their excellent efficiency and water permeability, these membranes offer an ideal solution to filter both air and water pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Roche
- National Polytechnic Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (INP-ENSIACET)4, allée Emile Monso –CS 44362, 31030Toulouse Cedex 4France
| | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Department of Nanotechnology and Informatics Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and InnovationTechnical University of LiberecStudentska 1402/246117LiberecCzech Republic
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12
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Roche R, Yalcinkaya F. Incorporation of PVDF Nanofibre Multilayers into Functional Structure for Filtration Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E771. [PMID: 30274281 PMCID: PMC6215093 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are considered as a promising technology for separation and filtration processes. Here, novel polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous multilayer membranes were fabricated by wire-based industrial electrospinning equipment following by a lamination process. The lamination process was optimised under various applied temperature, force of lamination, and lamination time. Air permeability and burst-pressure tests were run to determine the optimum membranes for filtration application. The structures of the prepared membranes were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and pore-size analysis. The hydrophilic properties of the membranes were evaluated using water contact angle measurement, and the mechanical strength of the membranes was analysed. Air and water filtration tests were run to find the possible application of prepared membranes. The air filtration results showed that membranes had high filtration efficiencies: Over 99.00% for PM2.5, and PM0.1. The water filtration results indicated that permeability of the membranes changed from 288 to 3275 L/m²hbar. The successful preparation of such an interesting material may provide a new approach for the design and development of electrospun filter membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Roche
- National Polytechnic Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (INP-ENSIACET), 4, Allée Emile Monso-CS 44362, 31030 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France.
| | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Department of Nanotechnology and Informatics, Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Institute for New Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
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13
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Yalcinkaya F. Effect of argon plasma treatment on hydrophilic stability of nanofiber webs. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation; Technical University of Liberec; Studentska 1402/2 46117, Liberec Czech Republic
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14
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Yalcinkaya F, Hruza J. Effect of Laminating Pressure on Polymeric Multilayer Nanofibrous Membranes for Liquid Filtration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E272. [PMID: 29695111 PMCID: PMC5977286 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the new century, electrospun nanofibrous webs are widely employed in various applications due to their specific surface area and porous structure with narrow pore size. The mechanical properties have a major influence on the applications of nanofiber webs. Lamination technology is an important method for improving the mechanical strength of nanofiber webs. In this study, the influence of laminating pressure on the properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers/laminate was investigated. Heat-press lamination was carried out at three different pressures, and the surface morphologies of the multilayer nanofibrous membranes were observed under an optical microscope. In addition, air permeability, water filtration, and contact angle experiments were performed to examine the effect of laminating pressure on the breathability, water permeability and surface wettability of multilayer nanofibrous membranes. A bursting strength test was developed and applied to measure the maximum bursting pressure of the nanofibers from the laminated surface. A water filtration test was performed using a cross-flow unit. Based on the results of the tests, the optimum laminating pressure was determined for both PAN and PVDF multilayer nanofibrous membranes to prepare suitable microfilters for liquid filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Department of Nanotechnology and Informatics, Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Institute for New Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Hruza
- Department of Nanotechnology and Informatics, Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Institute for New Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic.
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15
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Yu Q, Zhang W, Zhao X, Cao G, Liu F, Di X, Yang H, Wang Y, Wang C. A Simple, Green Method to Fabricate Composite Membranes for Effective Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E323. [PMID: 30966358 PMCID: PMC6415185 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most factories discharge untreated wastewater to reduce costs, causing serious environmental problems. Low-cost, biological, environmentally friendly and highly effective materials for the separation of emulsified oil/water mixtures are thus in great demand. In this study, a simple, green method was developed for separating oil-in-water emulsions. A corn straw powder (CSP)-nylon 6,6 membrane (CSPNM) was fabricated by a phase inversion process without any further chemical modification. The CSPNM showed superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties and could be used for the separation of oil-in-water emulsion with high separation efficiency and flux. The CSPNM maintained excellent separation ability after 20 cycles of separation with an oil rejection >99.60%, and the oil rejection and flux have no obvious change with an increasing number of cycles, suggesting a good antifouling property and the structural stability of CSPNM. In addition, the CSPNM exhibited excellent thermal and chemical stability under harsh conditions of high temperature and varying pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Guoliang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xin Di
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Haiyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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