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Cervantes-Ceballos L, Sánchez-Hoyos J, Sanchez-Hoyos F, Torres-Niño E, Mercado-Camargo J, Echeverry-Gómez A, Jotty Arroyo K, del Olmo-Fernández E, Gómez-Estrada H. An Overview of Genus Malachra L.-Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2808. [PMID: 36365260 PMCID: PMC9657199 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The genus Malachra L. belongs to the family Malvaceae. It includes herbs or subshrubs of nine accepted species with approximately thirty synonyms, and it has been widely used in community folk medicine to treat health problems including inflammation, nasal obstruction, leishmaniasis, malaria, childbirth, kidney disorders, fever, respiratory tract diseases, among others. From the genus Malachra L., flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanins, saponins, carbohydrates, phenols, glycosides, and alkaloids have been isolated and identified. Some pharmacological reports have indicated that the genus has antidiarrheal, antiepileptic, antiulcerogenic, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, anthelmintic, and hepatoprotective properties. However, there have been limited studies of bioactive molecules with pharmacological and biological activities associated with Malachra alceifolia Jacq., Malachra capitata (L.) L., Malachra fasciata Jacq., Malachra radiata (L.) L., Malachra ruderalis Gürke., Malachra rudis Benth., Malachra helodes Mart., Malachra urens Poit. ex Ledeb. & Alderstam., and Malachra officinalis Klotzsch. In this review, we consider the conservation of these species to save the ancestral knowledge of their traditional use in populations, and their pharmacological potential for future studies in search of alternatives for solutions to diseases in humans and animals and tools for the design and search of potential bioactive compounds against infectious and non-infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Cervantes-Ceballos
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Jorge Sánchez-Hoyos
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Fredys Sanchez-Hoyos
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Erick Torres-Niño
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Jairo Mercado-Camargo
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Amparo Echeverry-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Karick Jotty Arroyo
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
| | - Esther del Olmo-Fernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Área de Química Farmacéutica, Centro de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Harold Gómez-Estrada
- Grupo de Investigación en Química Orgánica Medicinal, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Campus de Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
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Production and Biomedical Applications of Bioactive Compounds. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of drug resistance to presently available synthetic medicines leads us to investigate naturally produced small bioactive molecules to treat drug-resistant diseases, such as cancer and other diseases [...]
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Khan T, Khan MA, Mashwani ZUR, Ullah N, Nadhman A. Therapeutic potential of medicinal plants against COVID-19: The role of antiviral medicinal metabolites. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:101890. [PMID: 33520034 PMCID: PMC7831775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous trials underway to find treatment for the COVID-19 through testing vaccines as well as existing drugs. Apart from the many synthetic chemical compounds, plant-based compounds could provide an array of \suitable candidates for testing against the virus. Studies have confirmed the role of many plants against respiratory viruses when employed either as crude extracts or their active ingredients in pure form. The purpose of this review article is to highlight the importance of phytomedicine against COVID-19. The main aim is to review the mechanistic aspects of most important phytochemical compounds that have showed potential against coronaviruses. Glycyrrhizin from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra has shown promising potential against the previously epidemic coronavirus, SARS-CoV. Other important plants such as Artemisia annua, Isatis indigotica, Lindera aggregate, Pelargonium sidoides, and Glychirrhiza spp. have been employed against SARS-CoV. Active ingredients (e.g. emodin, reserpine, aescin, myricetin, scutellarin, apigenin, luteolin, and betulonic acid) have shown promising results against the coronaviruses. Phytochemicals have demonstrated activity against the coronaviruses through mechanisms such as viral entry inhibition, inhibition of replication enzymes and virus release blockage. However, compared to synthetic drugs, phytomedicine are mechanistically less understood and should be properly evaluated before application. Nonetheless, phytochemicals reduce the tedious job of drug discovery and provide a less time-consuming alternative for drug testing. Therefore, along with other drugs currently tested against COVID-19, plant-based drugs should be included for speedy development of COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mubarak Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, 23390, Pakistan
| | | | - Nazif Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, 23390, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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