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Humadi JI, Jafar SA, Ali NS, Ahmed MA, Mzeed MJ, Al-Salhi RJ, Saady NMC, Majdi HS, Zendehboudi S, Albayati TM. Recovery of fuel from real waste oily sludge via a new eco-friendly surfactant material used in a digital baffle batch extraction unit. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9931. [PMID: 37336952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on developing a new cocktail extraction agent (CEA) composed of solvent and a new surfactant material (SM) for enhancing the efficiency of fuel recovery from real waste oil sludge (WSO). The effects of different solvents (e.g. methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), naphtha, petrol and kerosene), SMs (Dowfax and sodium thiosulfate), extraction time (10-20 min), extraction temperatures (20-60 °C) and CEA/sludge ratios (1-4) on the extraction performance were investigated. SMs and DBBE design enhanced the extraction efficiency by increasing the dispersion of solvent in WSO and enhancing the mixing and mass transfer rates. Results proved that Dowfax was the best SM for oil recovery under various conditions. The best CEA (e.g. MEK and Dowfax) provides the maximum fuel recovery rate of 97% at a period of 20 min, temperature of 60 °C and 4:1 CEA/sludge ratio. The produced fuel was analysed and fed to the distillation process to produce diesel oil. The characteristics of diesel oil were measured, and findings showed that it needs treatment processes prior its use as a finished fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasim I Humadi
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Saad A Jafar
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Nisreen S Ali
- Materials Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mustafa A Ahmed
- Ministry of Oil, North Refineries Company, Baiji Refinery, Slah Al-Deen, Iraq
| | - Mohammed J Mzeed
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Raheem J Al-Salhi
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Refining Engineering, College of Petroleum Processes Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Noori M Cata Saady
- Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Hasan Sh Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Sohrab Zendehboudi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Talib M Albayati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, 52 Alsinaa St., P.O. Box 35010, Baghdad, Iraq.
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Kedir WM, Wondimu KT, Weldegrum GS. Optimization and characterization of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using modified CaO catalyst derived from snail shell. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16475. [PMID: 37305456 PMCID: PMC10256935 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, research has diverted toward generating renewable fuels due to the unreliable supply and rising cost of conventional fuels. Biodiesel is renewable fuel commonly obtainable via a simple process. Biodiesel was produced via the transterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using heterogeneous catalysts. The aim of this study was to synthesis a ZnO and TiO2-supported CaO catalyst from a snail shell for the transterification of waste cooking palm oil to produce biodiesel. Sol-gel and wet-impregnated methods were adopted to synthesize ZnO and catalyst, respectively. The physicochemical properties of waste cooking oil and biodiesel were characterized in accordance to AOAC and ASTMD standard methods. The FTIR and XRD analyses were carried out to characterize the biodiesel and the prepared catalysts. The result of this study revealed that CaO catalyst derived from snail shall, resulted to a WCO-derived biodiesel yield of 80%. The CaO catalyst modified with ZnO and TiO2, further led to an increased biodiesel of 90% and 95%, respectively. The result of this study showed that the optimum conditions associated with highest biodiesel yield over the synthesized catalysts were at 3% catalyst weight, 65 °C, a 6:1 methanol-to-oil ratio and 3-h reaction time. The FTIR spectra also proved successful formation of biodiesel. Biodiesel was successfully synthesized from WCO, and the CaO catalyst synthesized from snail shells and modified with ZnO and TiO2, showed potential to substitute for costly catalysts derived from chemical reagents for biodiesel production.
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Jawahar Vishnu MV, Parthiban KT, Umadevi M, Sudhagar RJ, Fernandaz CC, Javed T, Kumar U, Alotaibi SS. Genetic evaluation of Jatropha backcross hybrid clones (BC4F1) for yield and oil quality. Front Genet 2022; 13:953486. [PMID: 36092875 PMCID: PMC9449966 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.953486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Jatropha curcas is a tropical species that has been recognized as a promising biodiesel plant. During 2018–2021, researchers at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam, elicited information on Jatropha’s biochemical characteristics, growth performance, variability, and association studies for biometric variables using five backcross (BC4F1) hybrid clones of Jatropha with a control variety TNMC 7. In terms of seed yield, two hybrid clones, CJH 13 (1,218.60 g) and CJH 12 (1,034.40 g), outperformed the other hybrid clones. The seed oil content was higher in CJH 5 (34.19%). The seed oil content had moderate PCV (16.49%) and GCV (16.39%) values, as well as high heritability (99%) and genetic advance (33.56%) as a percentage of the mean. The number of fruits per bunch (0.845 and 0.850) and the number of bunches per branch (0.771 and 0.788) had significant positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with seed yield, respectively. The iodine numbers, cetane numbers, and saponification values of all hybrid clones were acceptable and satisfactory and were in good compliance with Indian and international biodiesel standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Jawahar Vishnu
- Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, India
- *Correspondence: M. V. Jawahar Vishnu,
| | - K. T. Parthiban
- Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, India
| | - M. Umadevi
- Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, TNAU, Coimbatore, India
| | - R. Jude Sudhagar
- Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, India
| | | | - Talha Javed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uttam Kumar
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Alpandi AH, Husin H, Sidek A. A critical review on the development of wax inhibiting agent in facilitating remediation process of contaminated groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:51030-51040. [PMID: 34617226 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transportation of crude oil and refined petroleum is the main function of pipeline system in petroleum industry. Unfortunately, wax precipitation has become a serious problem for the petroleum industry where it causes pipeline blockage and eventually results in operational catastrophe. Up-to-date, the technique used to mitigate wax deposition by injecting chemical wax inhibiting agent remains a debate amongst researchers. This review addresses the evolution of chemical wax inhibitor generations started from polymer-based in the early 1980s, followed by biosurfactant-based in the late 1990s and finally plant-based or agricultural-based in recent years. Pivoting to environmental impact, petroleum industry is amidst finding a green wax inhibiting agent to solve wax deposition problem that occurs during the transportation of crude oil whilst facilitating the remediation process of contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amni Haslinda Alpandi
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hazlina Husin
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Akhmal Sidek
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Special Issue on “Biotechnology for Sustainability and Social Well Being”. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprocessing is a very important part of biotechnology that utilizes living organisms and their components to produce various types of products [...]
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Yusuff AS. Parametric optimization of solvent extraction of Jatropha curcas seed oil using design of experiment and its quality characterization. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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