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Yuan S, Li Y, Bao F, Xu H, Yang Y, Yan Q, Zhong S, Yin H, Xu J, Huang Z, Lin J. Marine environmental monitoring with unmanned vehicle platforms: Present applications and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159741. [PMID: 36349622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Basic monitoring of the marine environment is crucial for the early warning and assessment of marine hydrometeorological conditions, climate change, and ecosystem disasters. In recent years, many marine environmental monitoring platforms have been established, such as offshore platforms, ships, or sensors placed on specially designed buoys or submerged marine structures. These platforms typically use a variety of sensors to provide high-quality observations, while they are limited by low spatial resolution and high cost during data acquisition. Satellite remote sensing allows monitoring over a larger ocean area; however, it is susceptible to cloud contamination and atmospheric effects that subject the results to large uncertainties. Unmanned vehicles have become more widely used as platforms in marine science and ocean engineering in recent years due to their ease of deployment, mobility, and the low cost involved in data acquisition. Researchers can acquire data according to their schedules and convenience, offering significant improvements over those obtained by traditional platforms. This study presents the state-of-the-art research on available unmanned vehicle observation platforms, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), underwater gliders (UGs), unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), and unmanned ships (USs), for marine environmental monitoring, and compares them with satellite remote sensing. The recent applications in marine environments have focused on marine biochemical and ecosystem features, marine physical features, marine pollution, and marine aerosols monitoring, and their integration with other products are also analysed. Additionally, the prospects of future ocean observation systems combining unmanned vehicle platforms (UVPs), global and regional autonomous platform networks, and remote sensing data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Yuan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150059, China; Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fangwen Bao
- Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiushi Yan
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqiao Zhong
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoyang Yin
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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McGinley E, Cogley A, Palmer L, McCaul P, Longo L, Silvennoinen J, Martin A, Gomez J, Bachmaier S, Mackey M, Kao C, Eastman S, Eastman C. Marina Observation of Sea Turtles: Establishing a Database of Intracoastal Waterway Green Sea Turtles in Northeast Florida. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020279. [PMID: 36670819 PMCID: PMC9854553 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As conservation efforts regarding green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, continue, it is imperative to document behaviors and foraging habits/habitats of understudied populations. We have conducted an 18-month study dedicated to photographing the local population feeding alongside floating docks within the Guana Tolomato Matanzas estuary to determine the capability of matching head scale patterns efficiently through a pattern matching program: HotSpotter. To date, 195 unique sea turtles have been identified between two different marinas located in St. Augustine, FL. Of these, 98 were spotted more than once, with 39 of them being "tracked" for longer than a year. Temperature trends were also monitored in conjunction, showing that more individuals appeared during the warmer months of the year. The evidence, overall, indicates that these locations host a resident population of green sea turtles, leading to the need for a discussion on potential threats originating from the usage of these marinas by humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward McGinley
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Avery Cogley
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Leslie Palmer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Patricia McCaul
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Lilli Longo
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | | | - Angela Martin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Josalyn Gomez
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Sydney Bachmaier
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Michaela Mackey
- Department of Natural Sciences, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Chris Kao
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL 32084, USA
| | - Scott Eastman
- Office of Resilience and Coastal Protection, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, St. Augustine, FL 32080, USA
| | - Catherine Eastman
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Fl 32080, USA
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