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Katiyar D, Manish, Pal RS, Bansal P, Kumar A, Prakash S. Electrochemical Sensors for Detection of Phytomolecules: A Mechanistic Approach. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1887-1899. [PMID: 38279749 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073282883231218145941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
High demand and ongoing technological advancements have created a market for sensors that is both varied and rapidly evolving. Bioactive compounds are separated systematically to conduct an in-depth investigation, allowing for the profiling or fingerprinting of different Plantae kingdoms. The profiling field is significant in elucidating the complex interplay of plant traits, attributes, and environmental factors. Flexible technology advancements have enabled the creation of highly sensitive sensors for the non-destructive detection of molecules. Additionally, very specialized integrated systems that will allow multiplexed detection by integrating many hybrid approaches have been developed, but these systems are highly laborious and expensive. Electrochemical sensors, on the other hand, are a viable option because of their ability to accomplish exact compound detection via efficient signal transduction. However, this has not been investigated because of some obstacles to learning minimum metabolites' fundamentals and nonredox properties. This article reviews the electrochemical basis of plants, contrasting it with more conventional techniques and offering both positive and negative perspectives on the topic. Because few studies have been devoted to the concept of merging the domains, we've expanded the scope of this work by including pertinent non-phytochemical reports for better report comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Katiyar
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, ABES Engineering College, 19th KM Stone, NH-09 Ghaziabad, 201009, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Priya Bansal
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surya Prakash
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad, 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zlatić G, Arapović A, Martinović I, Martinović Bevanda A, Bošković P, Prkić A, Paut A, Vukušić T. Antioxidant Capacity of Herzegovinian Wildflowers Evaluated by UV–VIS and Cyclic Voltammetry Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175466. [PMID: 36080233 PMCID: PMC9457737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the vast cultural and traditional heritage of the use of aromatic herbs and wildflowers for the treatment of light medical conditions in the Balkans, a comparison of the antioxidant capacity of wildflowers extracts from Herzegovina was studied using both cyclic voltammetry and spectrophotometry. The cyclic voltammograms taken in the potential range between 0 V and 800 mV and scan rate of 100 mV s−1 were used for the quantification of the electrochemical properties of polyphenols present in four aqueous plant extracts. Antioxidant capacity expressed as mmoL of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried weight of the sample (mmoL GAE g−1 dw) was deduced from the area below the major anodic peaks (Q400 pH 6.0, Q500 pH 4.7, Q600 pH 3.6). The results of electrochemical measurements suggest that the major contributors of antioxidant properties of examined plants are polyphenolic compounds that contain ortho-dihydroxy-phenol or gallate groups. Using Ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2′-azino-bis spectrophotometric methods (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation-scavenging activity (ABTS) additionally determined antioxidant capacity. The FRAP results ranged from 2.9702–9.9418 mmoL Fe/g dw, while the results for ABTS assays expressed as Trolox equivalents (TE) ranged from 14.1842–42.6217 mmoL TE/g dw. The Folin–Ciocalteu procedure was applied to determine the total phenolics content (TP). The TP content expressed as Gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged from 6.0343–9.472 mmoL GAE/g dw. The measurements of total flavonoid (TF) and total condensed tannin (TT) contents were also performed to obtain a broader polyphenolic profile of tested plant materials. Origanum vulgare L. scored the highest on each test, with the exception of TT content, followed by the Mentha × piperita L., Artemisia annua L., and Artemisia absinthium L., respectively. The highest TT content, expressed as mg of (−)catechin equivalents per gram of dried weight of sample (mg CE/g dw), was achieved with A. absinthium extract (119.230 mg CE/g dw) followed by O. vulgare (90.384 mg CE/g dw), A. annua (86.538 mg CE/g dw) and M. piperita (69.231 mg CE/g dw), respectively. In addition, a very good correlation between electrochemical and spectroscopic methods was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Zlatić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anamarija Arapović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ivana Martinović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anita Martinović Bevanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Perica Bošković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21-619-242
| | - Ante Prkić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Andrea Paut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tina Vukušić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Munteanu IG, Apetrei C. Assessment of the Antioxidant Activity of Catechin in Nutraceuticals: Comparison between a Newly Developed Electrochemical Method and Spectrophotometric Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158110. [PMID: 35897695 PMCID: PMC9329966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of antioxidants in different foodstuffs has become an active area of research, which has led to many recently developed antioxidant assays. Many antioxidants exhibit inherent electroactivity, and, therefore, the use of electrochemical methods could be a viable approach for evaluating the overall antioxidant activity of a matrix of nutraceuticals without the need for adding reactive species. Green tea is believed to be a healthy beverage due to a number of therapeutic benefits. Catechin, one of its constituents, is an important antioxidant and possesses free radical scavenging abilities. The present paper describes the electrochemical properties of three screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), the first one based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the second one based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and the third one based on carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles (CNTs-GNPs). All three electrodes were modified with the laccase (Lac) enzyme, using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent between the amino groups on the laccase and aldehyde groups of the reticulation agent. As this enzyme is a thermostable catalyst, the performance of the biosensors has been greatly improved. Electro-oxidative properties of catechin were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and these demonstrated that the association of CNTs with GNPs significantly improved the sensitivity and selectivity of the biosensor. The corresponding limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 5.6 × 10−8 M catechin at the CNT-Lac/SPE, 1.3 × 10−7 M at the GNP-Lac/SPE and 4.9 × 10−8 M at the CNT-GNP-Lac/SPE. The biosensors were subjected to nutraceutical formulations containing green tea in order to study their catechin content, using CNT-GNP-Lac/SPE, through DPV. Using a paired t-test, the catechin content estimated was in agreement with the manufacturer’s specification. In addition, the relationship between the CNT-GNP-Lac/SPE response at a specific potential and the antioxidant activity of nutraceuticals, as determined by conventional spectrophotometric methods (DPPH, galvinoxyl and ABTS), is discussed in the context of developing a fast biosensor for the relative antioxidant activity quantification.
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A Review on Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Used in Assessing Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030584. [PMID: 35326234 PMCID: PMC8945540 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is growing interest in screening and quantifying antioxidants from biological samples in the quest for natural and effective antioxidants to combat free radical-related pathological complications. Antioxidants play an important role in human health and provide a defense against many diseases. Due to the valuable dietary role of these compounds, the analysis and determination of their amount in food is of particular importance. In recent years, many attempts have been made to provide simple, fast, and economical analytical approaches for the on-site detection and determination of antioxidant activity in food antioxidants. In this regard, electrochemical sensors and biosensors are considered promising tools for antioxidant research due to their high sensitivity, fast response time, and ease of miniaturization; thus, they are used in a variety of fields, including food analysis, drug screening, and toxicity research. Herein, we review the recent advances in sensors and biosensors for the detection of antioxidants, underlying principles, and emphasizing advantages, along with limitations regarding the ability to discriminate between the specific antioxidant or quantifying total antioxidant content. In this work, both direct and indirect methods for antioxidants detecting with electrochemical sensors and biosensors are analyzed in detail. This review aims to prove how electrochemical sensors and biosensors represent reliable alternatives to conventional methods for antioxidant analysis.
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Kalinke C, Zanicoski-Moscardi AP, de Oliveira PR, Mangrich AS, Marcolino-Junior LH, Bergamini MF. Simple and low-cost sensor based on activated biochar for the stripping voltammetric detection of caffeic acid. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Electrochemical Sensing of Caffeic Acid Using Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Layer by Sinusoidal Voltage Procedure. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand for sensitive electrochemical sensors in various medical and industrial applications promotes the fabrication of novel sensing materials with improved electrocatalytic and analytical performances. This work deals with the development of a composite material based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) layer for electrochemical determination of caffeic acid (CA). CA is a phenolic compound with excellent antioxidant properties that is present in vegetables, fruits, and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Its analytical quantification is of great interest in food production monitoring and healthcare applications. Therefore, the development of sensitive analytical devices for CA monitoring is required. The AuNPs have been prepared in situ onto PEDOT coated glassy carbon electrode (GC) by means of an innovative procedure consisting on the use of a sinusoidal voltage (SV) superimposed on a constant potential. The physico-chemical properties of the PEDOT-AuNPs composite material were investigated by a range of techniques including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, and scanning electron microscopy. The glassy carbon electrode/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-gold nanoparticles-sinusoidal voltage (GC/PEDOT-AuNPs-SV) sensor exhibited good analytical performance toward the CA quantification with a linear response over a wide concentration range from 10 µM to 1 mM. In addition, the proposed GC/PEDOT-AuNPs-SV sensor was successfully applied in the determination of total polyphenols content expressed as equivalents of CA in juice samples.
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Badea M, di Modugno F, Floroian L, Tit DM, Restani P, Bungau S, Iovan C, Badea GE, Aleya L. Electrochemical strategies for gallic acid detection: Potential for application in clinical, food or environmental analyses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:129-140. [PMID: 30954811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are important to human health thus making it interesting and necessary to identify and assess methods for their detection. Gallic acid (GA) is a well-known antioxidant compound, found in tea leaves, various fruits, fruit seeds and in fruit-derived foods and beverages. In this study, to electrochemically detect this compound and assess the potential for GA detection, different analytical conditions at pH values of 5.8, 7 and 8 were tried. Two types of device were used for GA detection: (1) Lazar ORP-146C reduction-oxidation microsensors, coupled with a Jenco device, for estimation of antioxidant capacities of different electroactive media, and (2) screen-printed carbon sensors coupled with a mobile PalmSens device using differential pulse voltammetry (qualitative and quantitative GA determination). These proposed methods were validated by analysing some real samples: wine, green tea, apple juice and serum fortified with GA. Detection was evaluated in terms of specific calibration curves, with low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), low response time, and high sensitivities. The analytical characteristics obtained recommend these methods to be tested on more other types of real samples. Our proposed methods, used in the established conditions of pH, may have further application in other clinical, food or environmental samples analyses in which the results of total antioxidants contents are usually expressed in GA equivalents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Badea
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov 500039, Romania.
| | - Federico di Modugno
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology Science, Universita Degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Laura Floroian
- Department of Automation and Information Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov 500039, Romania.
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania
| | - Patrizia Restani
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacology Science, Universita Degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania
| | - Ciprian Iovan
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania.
| | - Gabriela Elena Badea
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania.
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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Trofin AE, Trincă LC, Ungureanu E, Ariton AM. CUPRAC Voltammetric Determination of Antioxidant Capacity in Tea Samples by Using Screen-Printed Microelectrodes. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:8012758. [PMID: 31218091 PMCID: PMC6536952 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8012758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of antioxidant capacity represents an analytical major challenge in terms of accuracy, efficiency, rapid response, or low cost of detection methods. Quantification of antioxidant capacity of food samples using disposable screen-printed microelectrodes (SPMEs) was based on cyclic voltammetry versus open-circuit potential (CV vs OCP) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as compared with spectrophotometric measurement of the CUPRAC reaction with 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (trolox). The SPMEs are organic-resistant electrodes and thus compatible with food samples and organic solvents used to dissolve trolox. A micropipette was used to release a drop of 50 μL sample on the spotted surface of the SPME sensor/working electrode that was time programmed to function according to the working protocol. The SPME response was linearly correlated with trolox content. This preliminary demonstration was focused on the analysis of tea infusions, due to the simplicity and reproducibility of the samples' preparations involved. Analytical results of the antioxidant capacity (expressed as mol·L-1 trolox equivalents) of the tea samples showed a good agreement in the case of spectrophotometry and differential pulse voltammetry (R 2 > 0.998). DPV with SPME based on CUPRAC reactions was proven to be a promising approach for the characterization of antioxidant capacity of tea samples with rapid response, cost-effectiveness, and simplicity of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Elena Trofin
- Department of Exact Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi 700490, Romania
| | - Lucia Carmen Trincă
- Department of Exact Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi 700490, Romania
| | - Elena Ungureanu
- Department of Exact Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi 700490, Romania
| | - Adina Mirela Ariton
- Research and Development Center for Cattle Breeding Dancu, Iasi 707252, Romania
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Dharmaraj K, Nasri Z, Kahlert H, Scholz F. The electrochemistry of DPPH in three-phase electrode systems for ion transfer and ion association studies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Condé BC, Fuentes S, Caron M, Xiao D, Collmann R, Howell KS. Development of a robotic and computer vision method to assess foam quality in sparkling wines. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Development of a Novel, Low-Cost, Disposable Wooden Pencil Graphite Electrode for Use in the Determination of Antioxidants and Other Biological Compounds. SENSORS 2015; 15:18887-900. [PMID: 26263997 PMCID: PMC4570351 DOI: 10.3390/s150818887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of portable sensors that can be used outside the lab is an active area of research in the electroanalytical field. A major focus of such research is the development of low-cost electrodes for use in these sensors. Current electrodes, such as glassy-carbon electrodes (GCEs), are costly and require time-consuming preparation. Alternatives have been proposed, including mechanical pencil-lead electrodes (MPEs). However, MPEs themselves possess numerous drawbacks, particularly structural fragility. In this paper, we present a novel pencil-graphite electrode (PGE) fabricated from a regular HB#2 pencil. This PGE is a simple, disposable, extremely low-cost alternative to GCEs ($0.30 per PGE, vs. $190 + per GCE), and possesses the structural stability that MPEs lack. PGEs were characterized by square-wave voltammetry of ferricyanide, gallic acid, uric acid, dopamine, and several foodstuffs. In all cases, PGEs demonstrated sensitivities comparable or superior to those of the GCE and MPE (LOD = 5.62 × 10−4 M PGE, 4.80 × 10−4 M GCE, 2.93 × 10−4 M MPE). Signal areas and peak heights were typically four to ten times larger for the PGE relative to the GCE.
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Pisoschi AM, Cimpeanu C, Predoi G. Electrochemical Methods for Total Antioxidant Capacity and its Main Contributors Determination: A review. OPEN CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2015-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackround: The present review focuses on electrochemical methods for antioxidant capacity and its main contributors assessment. The main reactive oxygen species, responsible for low density lipoprotein oxidation, and their reactivity are reminded. The role of antioxidants in counteracting the factors leading to oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases occurence, is then discussed. Antioxidants can scavenge free radicals, can chelate pro-oxidative metal ions, or quench singlet oxygen. When endogenous factors (uric acid, bilirubin, albumin, metallothioneins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase) cannot accomplish their protective role against reactive oxygen species, the intervention of exogenous antioxidants (vitamin C, tocopherols, flavonoids, carotenoids etc) is required, as intake from food, as nutritional supplements or as pharmaceutical products.Literature study: The main advantages of electrochemical methods with respect to traditional, more laborious instrumental techniques are described: sensitivity, rapidity, simplicity of the applied analytical procedure which does not require complicated sample pre-treatment etc.The paper reviews minutiously the voltammetric, amperometric, biamperometric, potentiometric and coulometric methods for total antioxidant capacity estimation. For each method presented, the electroactivity and the mechanism of electro-oxidation of antioxidant molecules at various electrodes, as well as the influences on the electroactive properties are discussed. The characteristics of the developed methods are viewed from the perspective of the antioxidant molecule structure influence, as well as from the importance of electrode material and/or surface groups standpoint.The antioxidant molecule-electrode surface interaction, the detection system chosen, the use of modifiers, as well as the nature of the analysed matrix are the factors discussed, which influence the performances of the studied electrochemical techniques.Conclusions: The electrochemical methods reviewed in this paper allow the successful determination of the total antioxidant capacity and of its main contributors in various media: foodstuffs and beverages, biological fluids, pharmaceuticals. The advantages and disadvantages of the electrochemical methods applied to antioxidant content and antioxidant activity assay are treated and interpreted, in the case of various analysed matrixes. Combining advanced materials with classical electrode construction, provides viable results and can constitute an alternative for the future.
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David IG, Bizgan AMC, Popa DE, Buleandra M, Moldovan Z, Badea IA, Tekiner TA, Basaga H, Ciucu AA. Rapid determination of total polyphenolic content in tea samples based on caffeic acid voltammetric behaviour on a disposable graphite electrode. Food Chem 2014; 173:1059-65. [PMID: 25466125 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The present paper describes the voltammetric behaviour and the quantitative determination of caffeic acid (CA) on a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The anodic peak current of CA recorded by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) varies linearly with CA concentration in the range 1×10(-7)-3×10(-3) M. The detection and quantification limits were 8.83×10(-8) M and 2.94×10(-7) M caffeic acid, respectively. The mean recoveries of CA from Turkish green, white and black teas were 98.30%, 99.57% and 91.46%. For these three tea types the corresponding total polyphenolic contents (TPCs) evaluated by DPV on PGE were 35.81, 34.59 and 31.21 mg caffeic acid equivalent/g tea, respectively. These TPC values were in good accordance with those obtained by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The developed DPV on PGE method constitutes a simple and inexpensive tool for the rapid assessment of TPC of tea samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Gabriela David
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ana-Maria Cristina Bizgan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Elena Popa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Buleandra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Zenovia Moldovan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Adriana Badea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tuğçe Ayça Tekiner
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, 34457 Orhanlı-Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huveyda Basaga
- Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, 34457 Orhanlı-Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anton A Ciucu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Av., 030018, District 3, Bucharest, Romania
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Karabiberoğlu ŞU, Ayan EM, Dursun Z. Electroanalysis of Caffeic Acid in Red Wine and Investigation of Thermodynamic Parameters Using an Ag Nanoparticles Modified Poly(Thiophene) Film Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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A novel low-cost sensor prototype for monitoring temperature during wine fermentation in tanks. SENSORS 2013; 13:2848-61. [PMID: 23449116 PMCID: PMC3658718 DOI: 10.3390/s130302848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a multipurpose and low cost sensor for temperature control over the wine fermentation process, in order to steadily communicate data through wireless modules in real time to a viticulturist's mobile or fixed device. The advantage of our prototype is due to the fact that it will be used by small winemakers in the “Ribera del Duero” area, and as it is a cheaper sensor and easy to use for the control and monitoring of the grape fermentation process, it will probably be used by other business men with the same necessities in the region. The microcontroller MSP430G2553 is among the components that make up the sensor, that are integrated onto a motherboard. It communicates with the RN-42 Bluetooth module through an UART interface. After verifying that all elements are working correctly, the parts are assembled to form the final prototype. This device has been tested in a winery in the region, fulfilling the initial project specifications.
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Franquet-Griell H, Checa A, Núñez O, Saurina J, Hernández-Cassou S, Puignou L. Determination of polyphenols in Spanish wines by capillary zone electrophoresis. Application to wine characterization by using chemometrics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:8340-8349. [PMID: 22866993 DOI: 10.1021/jf302078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for the simultaneous determination of 20 polyphenols in wine was developed. The separation was performed using fused-silica capillaries of 75 μm i.d. and a 30 mM sodium tretraborate buffer solution at pH 9.2 with 5% isopropanol as a background electrolyte. A capillary voltage of +25 kV with pressure-assisted (3.5 kPa) separation from minute 18 was applied, thus achieving a total analysis time of <25 min. Instrumental quality parameters such as limits of detection (LOD, values between 0.3 and 2.6 mg/L), linearity (r(2) > 0.990), and run-to-run and day-to-day precisions (RSD values lower than 6.5 and 15.7%, respectively) were established. Three different calibration procedures were evaluated for polyphenol quantitation in wines: external calibration using standards prepared in Milli-Q water, standard addition, and pseudomatrix-matched calibration using wine as a matrix. For a 95% confidence level, no statistical differences were observed, in general, between the three calibration methods (p values between 0.11 and 0.84), whereas for some specific polyphenols, such as cinnamic acid, syringic acid, and gallic acid, results were not comparable when external calibration was used. The CZE method using pseudomatrix-matched calibration was then proposed and applied to the analysis of polyphenols in 49 Spanish wines, showing satisfactory results and a wide compositional variation between wines. Electrophoretic profiles and other compositional data (e.g., peak areas of selected peaks) were considered as fingerprints of wines to be used for characterization and classification purposes. The corresponding data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) to extract information on the most significant features contributing to wine discrimination according to their origins. Results showed that a reasonable distribution of wines depending on the elaboration areas was found, tyrosol and gallic, protocatechuic, p-coumaric, and caffeic acids being some representative discriminant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Franquet-Griell
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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