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Li J, Cupil-Garcia V, Wang HN, Strobbia P, Lai B, Hu J, Maiwald M, Sumpf B, Sun TP, Kemner KM, Vo-Dinh T. Plasmonics nanorod biosensor for in situ intracellular detection of gene expression biomarkers in intact plant systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116471. [PMID: 38878695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular developmental processes in plants, particularly concerning lignin polymer formation and biomass production are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs including miR397b are important for developing efficient and cost-effective biofuels. However, traditional methods of monitoring miRNA expression, like PCR, are time-consuming, require sample extraction, and lack spatial and temporal resolution, especially in real-world conditions. We present a novel approach using plasmonics nanosensing to monitor miRNA activity within living plant cells without sample extraction. Plasmonic biosensors using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection offer high sensitivity and precise molecular information. We used the Inverse Molecular Sentinel (iMS) biosensor on unique silver-coated gold nanorods (AuNR@Ag) with a high-aspect ratio to penetrate plant cell walls for detecting miR397b within intact living plant cells. MiR397b overexpression has shown promise in reducing lignin content. Thus, monitoring miR397b is essential for cost-effective biofuel generation. This study demonstrates the infiltration of nanorod iMS biosensors and detection of non-native miRNA 397b within plant cells for the first time. The investigation successfully demonstrates the localization of nanorod iMS biosensors through TEM and XRF-based elemental mapping for miRNA detection within plant cells of Nicotiana benthamiana. The study integrates shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) to decrease background interference and enhance target signal extraction. In vivo SERDS testing confirms the dynamic detection of miR397b in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves after infiltration with iMS nanorods and miR397b target. This proof-of-concept study is an important stepping stone towards spatially resolved, intracellular miRNA mapping to monitor biomarkers and biological pathways for developing efficient renewable biofuel sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27706, USA
| | | | - Hsin-Neng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27706, USA; Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Durham, NC, 27706, USA
| | - Pietro Strobbia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27706, USA
| | - Barry Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Martin Maiwald
- Laser Sensors Lab, Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Sumpf
- Laser Sensors Lab, Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tai-Ping Sun
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kemner
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27706, USA; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27706, USA; Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Durham, NC, 27706, USA.
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Discrimination between Carbapenem-Resistant and Carbapenem-Sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains through Computational Analysis of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra: a Pilot Study. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0240921. [PMID: 35107359 PMCID: PMC8809336 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02409-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical settings, rapid and accurate diagnosis of antibiotic resistance is essential for the efficient treatment of bacterial infections. Conventional methods for antibiotic resistance testing are time consuming, while molecular methods such as PCR-based testing might not accurately reflect phenotypic resistance. Thus, fast and accurate methods for the analysis of bacterial antibiotic resistance are in high demand for clinical applications. In this pilot study, we isolated 7 carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP) strains and 8 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains from clinical samples. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) as a label-free and noninvasive method was employed for discriminating CSKP strains from CRKP strains through computational analysis. Eight supervised machine learning algorithms were applied for sample analysis. According to the results, all supervised machine learning methods could successfully predict carbapenem sensitivity and resistance in K. pneumoniae, with a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm on top of all other methods. Taken together, this pilot study confirmed the application potentials of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in fast and accurate discrimination of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with different antibiotic resistance profiles. IMPORTANCE With the low-cost, label-free, and nondestructive features, Raman spectroscopy is becoming an attractive technique with great potential to discriminate bacterial infections. In this pilot study, we analyzed surfaced-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) spectra via supervised machine learning algorithms, through which we confirmed the application potentials of the SERS technique in rapid and accurate discrimination of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with different antibiotic resistance profiles.
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Vasafi PS, Hinrichs J, Hitzmann B. Establishing a novel procedure to detect deviations from standard milk processing by using online Raman spectroscopy. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Korinth F, Shaik TA, Popp J, Krafft C. Assessment of shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy in highly fluorescent biological samples. Analyst 2021; 146:6760-6767. [PMID: 34704561 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) can be used as an instrumental baseline correction technique to retrieve Raman bands in highly fluorescent samples. Genipin (GE) cross-linked equine pericardium (EP) was used as a model system since a blue pigment is formed upon cross-linking, which results in a strong fluorescent background in the Raman spectra. EP was cross-linked with 0.25% GE solution for 0.5 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h, and compared with corresponding untreated EP. Raman spectra were collected with three different excitation wavelengths. For the assessment of the SERDS technique, the preprocessed SERDS spectra of two excitation wavelengths (784 nm-786 nm) were compared with the mathematical baseline-corrected Raman spectra at 785 nm excitation using extended multiplicative signal correction, rubberband, the sensitive nonlinear iterative peak and polynomial fitting algorithms. Whereas each baseline correction gave poor quality spectra beyond 6 h GE crosslinking with wave-like artefacts, the SERDS technique resulted in difference spectra, that gave superior reconstructed spectra with clear collagen and resonance enhanced GE pigment bands with lower standard deviation. Key for this progress was an advanced difference optimization approach that is described here. Furthermore, the results of the SERDS technique were independent of the intensity calibration because the system transfer response was compensated by calculating the difference spectrum. We conclude that this SERDS strategy can be transferred to Raman studies on biological and non-biological samples with a strong fluorescence background at 785 nm and also shorter excitation wavelengths which benefit from more intense scattering intensities and higher quantum efficiencies of CCD detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Korinth
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", 07745 Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", 14482 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tanveer Ahmed Shaik
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", 07745 Jena, Germany. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", 07745 Jena, Germany.
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Lelevic A, Souchon V, Geantet C, Lorentz C, Moreaud M. Advanced data preprocessing for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy detection. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4141-4150. [PMID: 34510756 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet detection results in sizable data for which noise and baseline drift ought to be corrected. As the data is acquired from multiple channels, preprocessing steps have to be applied to the data from all channels while being robust and rather fast with respect to the significant size of the data. In this study, we have described advanced data preprocessing techniques for such data which were not available in the existing commercial software solutions and which were dedicated primarily to noise and baseline correction. Noise reduction was performed on both the spectral and the time dimension. For the baseline correction, a morphological approach based on iterated convolutions and rectifier operations was proposed. On the spectral dimension, much less noisy and reliable spectra were obtained. From a quantitative point of view, mentioned preprocessing steps significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio for the analyte detection (circa six times in this study). These preprocessing methods were integrated into the plugim! platform (https://www.plugim.fr/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Lelevic
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize BP 3, Solaize, 69360, France.,Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Souchon
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize BP 3, Solaize, 69360, France
| | - Christophe Geantet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chantal Lorentz
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maxime Moreaud
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize BP 3, Solaize, 69360, France
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Strobbia P, Cupil-Garcia V, Crawford BM, Fales AM, Pfefer TJ, Liu Y, Maiwald M, Sumpf B, Vo-Dinh T. Accurate in vivo tumor detection using plasmonic-enhanced shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS). Theranostics 2021; 11:4090-4102. [PMID: 33754050 PMCID: PMC7977455 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
For the majority of cancer patients, surgery is the primary method of treatment. In these cases, accurately removing the entire tumor without harming surrounding tissue is critical; however, due to the lack of intraoperative imaging techniques, surgeons rely on visual and physical inspection to identify tumors. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is emerging as a non-invasive optical alternative for intraoperative tumor identification, with high accuracy and stability. However, Raman detection requires dark rooms to work, which is not consistent with surgical settings. Methods: Herein, we used SERS nanoprobes combined with shifted-excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) detection, to accurately detect tumors in xenograft murine model. Results: We demonstrate for the first time the use of SERDS for in vivo tumor detection in a murine model under ambient light conditions. We compare traditional Raman detection with SERDS, showing that our method can improve sensitivity and accuracy for this task. Conclusion: Our results show that this method can be used to improve the accuracy and robustness of in vivo Raman/SERS biomedical application, aiding the process of clinical translation of these technologies.
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Kim H, Aldén M, Brackmann C. Suppression of unpolarized background interferences for Raman spectroscopy under continuous operation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:1048-1063. [PMID: 33726327 DOI: 10.1364/oe.414677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A time-resolving filtering technique developed to improve background suppression in Raman spectroscopy is presented and characterized. The technique enables separation of signal contributions via their polarization dependency by the addition of a waveplate to a normal measurement system and data post-processing. As a result, background interferences of broadband laser-induced fluorescence and incandescence, as well as flame luminosity and blackbody radiation, were effectively suppressed from Raman spectra. Experimental setting parameters of the method were investigated under well-controlled conditions to assess their impact on the background-filtering ability, and the overall trend was understood. The fluorescence background was effectively suppressed for all investigated settings of modulation period, number of accumulations, and recording duration, with the spectrum quality preserved after the filtering. For practical application, the method was tested for measurements in a sooting flame accompanied by a strong luminosity and interfering laser-induced background signals. The technique resulted in a 200-fold decrease of the background and allowed for quantitative analyses of concentrations and temperatures from the filtered data. Thus, the method shows strong potential to extend the applicability of Raman spectroscopy, in particular for in situ diagnostics under challenging experimental conditions.
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8
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Korinth F, Schmälzlin E, Stiebing C, Urrutia T, Micheva G, Sandin C, Müller A, Maiwald M, Sumpf B, Krafft C, Tränkle G, Roth MM, Popp J. Wide Field Spectral Imaging with Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy Using the Nod and Shuffle Technique. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6723. [PMID: 33255459 PMCID: PMC7727830 DOI: 10.3390/s20236723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wide field Raman imaging using the integral field spectroscopy approach was used as a fast, one shot imaging method for the simultaneous collection of all spectra composing a Raman image. For the suppression of autofluorescence and background signals such as room light, shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) was applied to remove background artifacts in Raman spectra. To reduce acquisition times in wide field SERDS imaging, we adapted the nod and shuffle technique from astrophysics and implemented it into a wide field SERDS imaging setup. In our adapted version, the nod corresponds to the change in excitation wavelength, whereas the shuffle corresponds to the shifting of charges up and down on a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) chip synchronous to the change in excitation wavelength. We coupled this improved wide field SERDS imaging setup to diode lasers with 784.4/785.5 and 457.7/458.9 nm excitation and applied it to samples such as paracetamol and aspirin tablets, polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate beads, as well as pork meat using multiple accumulations with acquisition times in the range of 50 to 200 ms. The results tackle two main challenges of SERDS imaging: gradual photobleaching changes the autofluorescence background, and multiple readouts of CCD detector prolong the acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Korinth
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.K.); (C.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Elmar Schmälzlin
- Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany; (E.S.); (T.U.); (G.M.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Clara Stiebing
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.K.); (C.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Tanya Urrutia
- Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany; (E.S.); (T.U.); (G.M.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Genoveva Micheva
- Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany; (E.S.); (T.U.); (G.M.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Christer Sandin
- Sandin Advanced Visualization, Tylögränd 14, 12156 Johanneshov, Sweden;
| | - André Müller
- Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.); (M.M.); (B.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Martin Maiwald
- Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.); (M.M.); (B.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Bernd Sumpf
- Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.); (M.M.); (B.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.K.); (C.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Günther Tränkle
- Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.); (M.M.); (B.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Martin M. Roth
- Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany; (E.S.); (T.U.); (G.M.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz IPHT), Research Alliance “Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07743 Jena, Germany; (F.K.); (C.S.); (J.P.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Placzek F, Cordero Bautista E, Kretschmer S, Wurster LM, Knorr F, González-Cerdas G, Erkkilä MT, Stein P, Ataman Ç, Hermann GG, Mogensen K, Hasselager T, Andersen PE, Zappe H, Popp J, Drexler W, Leitgeb RA, Schie IW. Morpho-molecular ex vivo detection and grading of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer using forward imaging probe based multimodal optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2020; 145:1445-1456. [PMID: 31867582 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01911a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer affects millions of people worldwide, resulting in significant discomfort to the patient and potential death. Today, cystoscopy is the gold standard for bladder cancer assessment, using white light endoscopy to detect tumor suspected lesion areas, followed by resection of these areas and subsequent histopathological evaluation. Not only does the pathological examination take days, but due to the invasive nature, the performed biopsy can result in significant harm to the patient. Nowadays, optical modalities, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), have proven to detect cancer in real time and can provide more detailed clinical information of a lesion, e.g. its penetration depth (stage) and the differentiation of the cells (grade). In this paper, we present an ex vivo study performed with a combined piezoelectric tube-based OCT-probe and fiber optic RS-probe imaging system that allows large field-of-view imaging of bladder biopsies, using both modalities and co-registered visualization, detection and grading of cancerous bladder lesions. In the present study, 119 examined biopsies were characterized, showing that fiber-optic based OCT provides a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 69% for the detection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, while RS, on the other hand, provides a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 61% for the grading of low- and high-grade tissues. Moreover, the study shows that a piezoelectric tube-based OCT probe can have significant endurance, suitable for future long-lasting in vivo applications. These results also indicate that combined OCT and RS fiber probe-based characterization offers an exciting possibility for label-free and morpho-chemical optical biopsies for bladder cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Placzek
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Baria E, Pracucci E, Pillai V, Pavone FS, Ratto GM, Cicchi R. In vivo detection of murine glioblastoma through Raman and reflectance fiber-probe spectroscopies. NEUROPHOTONICS 2020; 7:045010. [PMID: 33274251 PMCID: PMC7707056 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.7.4.045010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults. With a worldwide incidence rate of 2 to 3 per 100,000 people, it accounts for more than 60% of all brain cancers; currently, its 5-year survival rate is < 5 % . GBM treatment relies mainly on surgical resection. In this framework, multimodal optical spectroscopy could provide a fast and label-free tool for improving tumor detection and guiding the removal of diseased tissues. Aim: Discriminating healthy brain from GBM tissues in an animal model through the combination of Raman and reflectance spectroscopies. Approach: EGFP-GL261 cells were injected into the brains of eight laboratory mice for inducing murine GBM in these animals. A multimodal optical fiber probe combining fluorescence, Raman, and reflectance spectroscopy was used to localize in vivo healthy and tumor brain areas and to collect their spectral information. Results: Tumor areas were localized through the detection of EGFP fluorescence emission. Then, Raman and reflectance spectra were collected from healthy and tumor tissues, and later analyzed through principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis in order to develop a classification algorithm. Raman and reflectance spectra resulted in 92% and 93% classification accuracy, respectively. Combining together these techniques allowed improving the discrimination between healthy and tumor tissues up to 97%. Conclusions: These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of multimodal fiber-probe spectroscopy for in vivo label-free detection and delineation of brain tumors, and thus represent an additional, encouraging step toward clinical translation and deployment of fiber-probe spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Baria
- University of Florence, Department of Physics, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Pracucci
- Scuola Normale Superiore, National Enterprise for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vinoshene Pillai
- Scuola Normale Superiore, National Enterprise for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco S. Pavone
- University of Florence, Department of Physics, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- National Institute of Optics – National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gian M. Ratto
- Scuola Normale Superiore, National Enterprise for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- National Institute of Optics – National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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11
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Agsalda-Garcia M, Shieh T, Souza R, Kamada N, Loi N, Oda R, Acosta-Maeda T, Choi SY, Lim E, Misra A, Shiramizu B. Raman-Enhanced Spectroscopy (RESpect) Probe for Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. SCIMEDICINE JOURNAL 2020; 2:1-7. [PMID: 34085057 PMCID: PMC8172049 DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2020-0201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman-enhanced spectroscopy (RESpect) probe, which enhances Raman spectroscopy technology through a portable fiber-optic device, characterizes tissues and cells by identifying molecular chemical composition showing distinct differences/similarities for potential tumor markers or diagnosis. In a feasibility study with the ultimate objective to translate the technology to the clinic, a panel of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma tissues and non-malignant specimens had RS analyses compared between standard Raman spectroscopy microscope instrument and RESpect probe. Cryopreserved tissues were mounted on front-coated aluminum mirror slides and analyzed by standard Raman spectroscopy and RESpect probe. Principal Component Analysis revealed similarities between non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes but not follicular hyperplasia. Standard Raman spectroscopy and RESpect probe fingerprint comparisons demonstrated comparable primary peaks. Raman spectroscopic fingerprints and peaks of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes and follicular hyperplasia provided novel avenues to pursue diagnostic approaches and identify potential new therapeutic targets. The information could inform new insights into molecular cellular pathogenesis. Translating Raman spectroscopy technology by using the RESpect probe as a potential point-of-care screening instrument has the potential to change the paradigm of screening for cancer as an initial step to determine when a definitive tissue biopsy would be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Agsalda-Garcia
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Tiffany Shieh
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Ryan Souza
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Natalie Kamada
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Nicholas Loi
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Robert Oda
- Department Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Tayro Acosta-Maeda
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - So Yung Choi
- Biostatistics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Biostatistics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Anupam Misra
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
| | - Bruce Shiramizu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, United States
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Jin H, Lin T, Han P, Yao Y, Zheng D, Hao J, Hu Y, Zeng R. Efficacy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18066. [PMID: 31764837 PMCID: PMC6882629 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is one of the severest human malignancies which are hardly detected at an early stage. Raman spectroscopy is reported to maintain a high diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in some tumors. METHODS We carried out a complete systematic review based on articles from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library and CNKI. We identified 2341 spectra with strict criteria in 9 individual studies between 2004 and 2018 in accordance to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We summarized the test performance using random effects models. RESULTS General pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of RS to kidney cancer were 94% (95% CI 0.93-0.95) and 92% (95% CI 0.90-0.93). The pooled positive LR was 10.00 (95%CI 5.66-17.65) while the negative LR was 0.09 (95%CI 0.06-0.14). The pooled DOR was 139.53 (95% CI 54.60-356.58). The AUC of SROC was 0.9717. CONCLUSION Through this meta-analysis, we found a promisingly high sensitivity and specificity of RS in the diagnosis of suspected bladder masses and tumors. Other parameters like positive, negative LR, DOR, and AUC of the SROC curve all helped to illustrate the high efficacy of RS in bladder cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital
- West China School of Medicine
| | - Tianhai Lin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui Zeng
- West China School of Medicine
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Baria E, Morselli S, Anand S, Fantechi R, Nesi G, Gacci M, Carini M, Serni S, Cicchi R, Pavone FS. Label-free grading and staging of urothelial carcinoma through multimodal fibre-probe spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900087. [PMID: 31343832 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common bladder tumour. Proper treatment requires tumour resection for diagnosing its grade (aggressiveness) and stage (invasiveness). White-light cystoscopy and histopathological examination are the gold standard procedures for clinical and histopathological diagnostics, respectively. However, cystoscopy is limited in terms of specificity, histology requires long tissue processing, both procedures rely on operator's experience. Multimodal optical spectroscopy can provide a powerful tool for detecting, staging and grading bladder tumours in a fast, reliable and label-free modality. In this study, we collected fluorescence, Raman and reflectance spectra from 50 biopsies obtained from 32 patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumour using a multimodal fibre-probe. Principal component analysis allowed distinguishing normal from pathological tissues, as well as discriminating tumour stages and grades. Each individual spectroscopic technique provided high specificity and sensitivity in classifying all tissues; however, a multimodal approach resulted in a considerable increase in diagnostic accuracy (≥95%), which is of paramount importance for tumour grading and staging. The presented method offers the potential for being applied in cystoscopy and for providing an automated diagnosis of UC at the clinical level, with an improvement with respect to current state-of-the-art procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Baria
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Simone Morselli
- Division of Urology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Suresh Anand
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fantechi
- Division of Urology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Gacci
- Division of Urology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- Division of Urology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Division of Urology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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14
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Zúñiga WC, Jones V, Anderson SM, Echevarria A, Miller NL, Stashko C, Schmolze D, Cha PD, Kothari R, Fong Y, Storrie-Lombardi MC. Raman Spectroscopy for Rapid Evaluation of Surgical Margins during Breast Cancer Lumpectomy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14639. [PMID: 31601985 PMCID: PMC6787043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure to precisely distinguish malignant from healthy tissue has severe implications for breast cancer surgical outcomes. Clinical prognoses depend on precisely distinguishing healthy from malignant tissue during surgery. Laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) has been previously shown to differentiate benign from malignant tissue in real time. However, the cost, assembly effort, and technical expertise needed for construction and implementation of the technique have prohibited widespread adoption. Recently, Raman spectrometers have been developed for non-medical uses and have become commercially available and affordable. Here we demonstrate that this current generation of Raman spectrometers can readily identify cancer in breast surgical specimens. We evaluated two commercially available, portable, near-infrared Raman systems operating at excitation wavelengths of either 785 nm or 1064 nm, collecting a total of 164 Raman spectra from cancerous, benign, and transitional regions of resected breast tissue from six patients undergoing mastectomy. The spectra were classified using standard multivariate statistical techniques. We identified a minimal set of spectral bands sufficient to reliably distinguish between healthy and malignant tissue using either the 1064 nm or 785 nm system. Our results indicate that current generation Raman spectrometers can be used as a rapid diagnostic technique distinguishing benign from malignant tissue during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie C Zúñiga
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Physics, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Veronica Jones
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA.
| | - Sarah M Anderson
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Alex Echevarria
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Physics, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Miller
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Connor Stashko
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Daniel Schmolze
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Philip D Cha
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Ragini Kothari
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Yuman Fong
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Department of Surgery, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Michael C Storrie-Lombardi
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Physics, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
- Kinohi Institute, Inc., 530S. Lake Avenue, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
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15
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Feng X, Muzikansky A, Ross AH, Hamblin MR, Jermain PR, Yaroslavsky AN. Multimodal quantitative imaging of brain cancer in cultured cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:4237-4248. [PMID: 31453007 PMCID: PMC6701554 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.004237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence emission, polarization and subcellular localization of methylene blue (MB) were studied in four cancerous and two normal human brain cell lines. Fluorescence emission and polarization images were acquired and analyzed. The co-localization of MB with mitochondria, lysosomes and nuclei of the cells was evaluated. Glioblastoma cells exhibited significantly higher MB fluorescence polarization compared to normal astrocytes. Preferential accumulation of MB in mitochondria of glioblastoma cells may explain higher fluorescence polarization values in cancer cells as compared to normal. These findings may lead to the development of a quantitative method for the detection of brain cancer in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Advanced Biophotonics Laboratory, UMASS Lowell, Lowell, MA 01851, USA
| | - Alona Muzikansky
- Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alonzo H. Ross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMASS Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Peter R. Jermain
- Advanced Biophotonics Laboratory, UMASS Lowell, Lowell, MA 01851, USA
| | - Anna N. Yaroslavsky
- Advanced Biophotonics Laboratory, UMASS Lowell, Lowell, MA 01851, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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16
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Kalaiyarasan G, Veerapandian M, JebaMercy G, Balamurugan K, Joseph J. Amygdalin-Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots for Probing β-Glucosidase Activity for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapeutics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3089-3099. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gnanasekaran JebaMercy
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaswamy Balamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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De Angelis A, Ferrara MA, Coppola G, Di Matteo L, Siani L, Dale B, Coppola G, De Luca AC. Combined Raman and polarization sensitive holographic imaging for a multimodal label-free assessment of human sperm function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4823. [PMID: 30886325 PMCID: PMC6423271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman microspectroscopy (RM) and polarization sensitive digital holographic imaging (PSDHI) are valuable analytical tools in biological and medical research, allowing the detection of both biochemical and morphological variations of the sample without labels or long sample preparation. Here, using this multi-modal approach we analyze in vitro human sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction induced by heparin. The multimodal microscopy provides morphofunctional information that can assess the sperms ability to respond to capacitation stimuli (sperm function). More precisely, the birefringence analysis in sperm cells can be used as an indicator of its structural normality. Indeed, digital holography applied for polarization imaging allows for revelation of the polarization state of the sample, showing a total birefringence of the sperm head in non-reacted spermatozoa, and a birefringence localized in the post-acrosomal region in reacted spermatozoa. Additionally, RM allows the detection and spectroscopic characterization of protein/lipid delocalization in the plasma and acrosomal membranes that can be used as valuable Raman biomarkers of sperm function. Interestingly, these spectral variations can be correlated with different time phases of the cell capacitation response. Although further experimentation is required, the proposed multimodal approach could represent a potential label-free diagnostic tool for use in reproductive medicine and the diagnosis of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa De Angelis
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via P Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Ferrara
- Institute for Microelectronic and Microsystems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council of Italy, Via P Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Coppola
- Centro Fecondazione Assistita (CFA-Italia), Via Manzoni 15, Naples, 80123, Italy
| | - Loredana Di Matteo
- Centro Fecondazione Assistita (CFA-Italia), Via Manzoni 15, Naples, 80123, Italy
| | - Laura Siani
- Centro Fecondazione Assistita (CFA-Italia), Via Manzoni 15, Naples, 80123, Italy
| | - Brian Dale
- Centro Fecondazione Assistita (CFA-Italia), Via Manzoni 15, Naples, 80123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppola
- Institute for Microelectronic and Microsystems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council of Italy, Via P Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via P Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy.
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18
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Chen H, Xu W, Broderick NGR. An Adaptive and Fully Automated Baseline Correction Method for Raman Spectroscopy Based on Morphological Operations and Mollification. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 73:284-293. [PMID: 30334459 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818811688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Baseline drift is a commonly identified and severe problem in Raman spectra, especially for biological samples. The main cause of baseline drift in Raman spectroscopy is fluorescence generated within the sample. If left untreated, it will affect the following qualitative or quantitative analysis. In this paper, an adaptive and fully automated baseline estimation algorithm based on iteratively averaging morphological opening and closing operations is presented. The proposed method is able to deal with different shapes and amplitudes of baselines. It is tested on both simulated and experimental Raman spectra. Comparison of the proposed method with other morphology-based methods and a well-developed penalized least squares-based method is made. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method and its advantages-in terms of accuracy, adaptivity, and computing speed-over other algorithms. In general, this method can also be applied to other spectroscopic data or other types of one-dimensional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- 2 The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Weiliang Xu
- 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- 2 The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Neil G R Broderick
- 2 The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
- 3 Department of Physics, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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19
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He H, Sun DW, Pu H, Chen L, Lin L. Applications of Raman spectroscopic techniques for quality and safety evaluation of milk: A review of recent developments. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 59:770-793. [PMID: 30614242 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1528436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Milk is a complete nutrient source for humans. The quality and safety of milk are critical for both producers and consumers, thereby the dairy industry requires rapid and nondestructive methods to ensure milk quality and safety. However, conventional methods are time-consuming and laborious, and require complicated preparation procedures. Therefore, the exploration of new milk analytical methods is essential. This current review introduces the principles of Raman spectroscopy and presents recent advances since 2012 of Raman spectroscopic techniques mainly involving surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), fourier-transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy, near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy for milk analysis including milk compositions, microorganisms and antibiotic residues in milk, as well as milk adulterants. Additionally, some challenges and future outlooks are proposed. The current review shows that Raman spectroscopic techniques have the promising potential for providing rapid and nondestructive detection of milk parameters. However, the application of Raman spectroscopy on milk analysis is not common yet since some limitations of Raman spectroscopy need to be overcome before making it a routine tool for the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong He
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China.,b Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China.,c Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods , Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China.,b Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China.,c Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods , Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China.,d Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre , University College Dublin, National University of Ireland , Dublin 4 , Ireland
| | - Hongbin Pu
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China.,b Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China.,c Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods , Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Lijun Chen
- e Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd , Beijing , China
| | - Li Lin
- e Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd , Beijing , China
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20
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Quero G, Zito G, Managò S, Galeotti F, Pisco M, De Luca AC, Cusano A. Nanosphere Lithography on Fiber: Towards Engineered Lab-On-Fiber SERS Optrodes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E680. [PMID: 29495322 PMCID: PMC5876675 DOI: 10.3390/s18030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we report on the engineering of repeatable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) optical fiber sensor devices (optrodes), as realized through nanosphere lithography. The Lab-on-Fiber SERS optrode consists of polystyrene nanospheres in a close-packed arrays configuration covered by a thin film of gold on the optical fiber tip. The SERS surfaces were fabricated by using a nanosphere lithography approach that is already demonstrated as able to produce highly repeatable patterns on the fiber tip. In order to engineer and optimize the SERS probes, we first evaluated and compared the SERS performances in terms of Enhancement Factor (EF) pertaining to different patterns with different nanosphere diameters and gold thicknesses. To this aim, the EF of SERS surfaces with a pitch of 500, 750 and 1000 nm, and gold films of 20, 30 and 40 nm have been retrieved, adopting the SERS signal of a monolayer of biphenyl-4-thiol (BPT) as a reliable benchmark. The analysis allowed us to identify of the most promising SERS platform: for the samples with nanospheres diameter of 500 nm and gold thickness of 30 nm, we measured values of EF of 4 × 10⁵, which is comparable with state-of-the-art SERS EF achievable with highly performing colloidal gold nanoparticles. The reproducibility of the SERS enhancement was thoroughly evaluated. In particular, the SERS intensity revealed intra-sample (i.e., between different spatial regions of a selected substrate) and inter-sample (i.e., between regions of different substrates) repeatability, with a relative standard deviation lower than 9 and 15%, respectively. Finally, in order to determine the most suitable optical fiber probe, in terms of excitation/collection efficiency and Raman background, we selected several commercially available optical fibers and tested them with a BPT solution used as benchmark. A fiber probe with a pure silica core of 200 µm diameter and high numerical aperture (i.e., 0.5) was found to be the most promising fiber platform, providing the best trade-off between high excitation/collection efficiency and low background. This work, thus, poses the basis for realizing reproducible and engineered Lab-on-Fiber SERS optrodes for in-situ trace detection directed toward highly advanced in vivo sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Quero
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Zito
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Stefano Managò
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Francesco Galeotti
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, National Research Council, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Pisco
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cusano
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
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21
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Unique Raman Spectroscopic Fingerprints of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognosis and New Therapies. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 2:105. [PMID: 29962510 PMCID: PMC6022842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive laser-based technique that identifies molecular chemical composition of tissues and cells. The objective of the work was to demonstrate that unique Raman spectroscopic fingerprints of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells could be distinguished from normal B-cells. METHODS Normal B-cells and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells were mounted on aluminum slides and analyzed by Raman spectroscopy using Asymmetric Least Squares and Principal Component Analysis. RESULTS Clustering by Principal Component Analysis differentiated normal B-cells from B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells as well as between the different B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell types. CONCLUSIONS Raman spectroscopy technology provided a different paradigm in analyzing tumor cells which could be used for diagnosis as well as contribute new information on unique characteristics of cancer cells to understand pathogenesis and potential novel treatments.
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22
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Giraudet C, Papavasileiou KD, Rausch MH, Chen J, Kalantar A, van der Laan GP, Economou IG, Fröba AP. Characterization of Water Solubility in n-Octacosane Using Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:10665-10673. [PMID: 29091450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the ability of polarization-difference Raman spectroscopy (PDRS) to detect dissolved free water molecules in a n-octacosane (n-C28H58) liquid-rich phase, and thus to determine its solubility, at temperatures and pressures relevant to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Our results for the pure alkane reveal thermal decomposition above a temperature of 500 K as well as an increase of gauche conformers of the alkane chains with an increase in temperature. For binary homogeneous mixtures, raw spectra obtained from two different polarization scattering geometries did not show a relevant signal in the OH stretching frequency range. In contrast, isotropic spectra obtained from the PDRS technique reveal a narrow and tiny peak associated with the dangling OH bonds. Over the complete range of temperatures and pressures, no signature of hydrogen-bonded water molecules was observed in the isotropic Raman scattering intensities. A thorough investigation covering a large range of temperatures and pressures using PDRS signals showed that the higher the fraction of gauche conformers of hydrocarbon, the higher the solubility of water. The proportion of gauche and trans conformers was found to be water-concentration-independent, and the intensity of the OH-dangling peak increased linearly with increasing the vapor partial pressure of water. Therefore, we established a relation between a relevant intensity ratio and the concentration of water obtained from SAFT calculations. Contrary to the results from relevant literature, the calibration factor was found to be temperature-independent between 424 and 572 K. The isotropic Raman scattering intensities are corrected in order to provide a better representation of the vibrational density of states. The influence of correction of the isotropic scattering intensities on the solubility measurements as well as on the analysis of the molecular arrangement is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Giraudet
- Institute of Advanced Optical Technologies-Thermophysical Properties (AOT-TP), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Paul-Gordan-Straße 6, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantinos D Papavasileiou
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Molecular Thermodynamics and Modelling of Materials Laboratory, GR-15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attikis, Greece
| | - Michael H Rausch
- Institute of Advanced Optical Technologies-Thermophysical Properties (AOT-TP), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Paul-Gordan-Straße 6, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. , Grasweg 31, 1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmad Kalantar
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. , Grasweg 31, 1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard P van der Laan
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. , Grasweg 31, 1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ioannis G Economou
- National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Molecular Thermodynamics and Modelling of Materials Laboratory, GR-15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attikis, Greece.,Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar , Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Andreas P Fröba
- Institute of Advanced Optical Technologies-Thermophysical Properties (AOT-TP), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Paul-Gordan-Straße 6, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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23
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Lohumi S, Kim MS, Qin J, Cho BK. Raman imaging from microscopy to macroscopy: Quality and safety control of biological materials. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Evaluation of Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy and Comparison to Computational Background Correction Methods Applied to Biochemical Raman Spectra. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17081724. [PMID: 28749450 PMCID: PMC5579526 DOI: 10.3390/s17081724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy provides label-free biochemical information from tissue samples without complicated sample preparation. The clinical capability of Raman spectroscopy has been demonstrated in a wide range of in vitro and in vivo applications. However, a challenge for in vivo applications is the simultaneous excitation of auto-fluorescence in the majority of tissues of interest, such as liver, bladder, brain, and others. Raman bands are then superimposed on a fluorescence background, which can be several orders of magnitude larger than the Raman signal. To eliminate the disturbing fluorescence background, several approaches are available. Among instrumentational methods shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy (SERDS) has been widely applied and studied. Similarly, computational techniques, for instance extended multiplicative scatter correction (EMSC), have also been employed to remove undesired background contributions. Here, we present a theoretical and experimental evaluation and comparison of fluorescence background removal approaches for Raman spectra based on SERDS and EMSC.
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25
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Buckley K, Ryder AG. Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing: A Short Review. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:1085-1116. [PMID: 28534676 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817703270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is currently undergoing its biggest transformation in a century. The changes are based on the rapid and dramatic introduction of protein- and macromolecule-based drugs (collectively known as biopharmaceuticals) and can be traced back to the huge investment in biomedical science (in particular in genomics and proteomics) that has been ongoing since the 1970s. Biopharmaceuticals (or biologics) are manufactured using biological-expression systems (such as mammalian, bacterial, insect cells, etc.) and have spawned a large (>€35 billion sales annually in Europe) and growing biopharmaceutical industry (BioPharma). The structural and chemical complexity of biologics, combined with the intricacy of cell-based manufacturing, imposes a huge analytical burden to correctly characterize and quantify both processes (upstream) and products (downstream). In small molecule manufacturing, advances in analytical and computational methods have been extensively exploited to generate process analytical technologies (PAT) that are now used for routine process control, leading to more efficient processes and safer medicines. In the analytical domain, biologic manufacturing is considerably behind and there is both a huge scope and need to produce relevant PAT tools with which to better control processes, and better characterize product macromolecules. Raman spectroscopy, a vibrational spectroscopy with a number of useful properties (nondestructive, non-contact, robustness) has significant potential advantages in BioPharma. Key among them are intrinsically high molecular specificity, the ability to measure in water, the requirement for minimal (or no) sample pre-treatment, the flexibility of sampling configurations, and suitability for automation. Here, we review and discuss a representative selection of the more important Raman applications in BioPharma (with particular emphasis on mammalian cell culture). The review shows that the properties of Raman have been successfully exploited to deliver unique and useful analytical solutions, particularly for online process monitoring. However, it also shows that its inherent susceptibility to fluorescence interference and the weakness of the Raman effect mean that it can never be a panacea. In particular, Raman-based methods are intrinsically limited by the chemical complexity and wide analyte-concentration-profiles of cell culture media/bioprocessing broths which limit their use for quantitative analysis. Nevertheless, with appropriate foreknowledge of these limitations and good experimental design, robust analytical methods can be produced. In addition, new technological developments such as time-resolved detectors, advanced lasers, and plasmonics offer potential of new Raman-based methods to resolve existing limitations and/or provide new analytical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Buckley
- Nanoscale Biophotonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland - Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alan G Ryder
- Nanoscale Biophotonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland - Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Fioravanti V, Brandhoff L, van den Driesche S, Breiteneder H, Kitzwögerer M, Hafner C, Vellekoop MJ. An Infrared Absorbance Sensor for the Detection of Melanoma in Skin Biopsies. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101659. [PMID: 27735858 PMCID: PMC5087447 DOI: 10.3390/s16101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An infrared (IR) absorbance sensor has been designed, realized and tested with the aim of detecting malignant melanomas in human skin biopsies. The sensor has been designed to obtain fast measurements (80 s) of a biopsy using a small light spot (0.5 mm in diameter, typically five to 10 times smaller than the biopsy size) to investigate different biopsy areas. The sensor has been equipped with a monochromator to record the whole IR spectrum in the 3330-3570 nm wavelength range (where methylene and methyl stretching vibrations occur) for a qualitative spectral investigation. From the collected spectra, the CH₂ stretch ratio values (ratio of the absorption intensities of the symmetric to asymmetric CH₂ stretching peaks) are determined and studied as a cancer indicator. Melanoma areas exhibit different spectral shapes and significantly higher CH₂ stretch ratios when compared to healthy skin. The results of the infrared investigation are compared with standard histology. This study shows that the IR sensor is a promising supportive tool to improve the diagnosis of melanoma during histopathological analysis, decreasing the risk of misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fioravanti
- Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen, Bremen D-28359, Germany.
| | - Lukas Brandhoff
- Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen, Bremen D-28359, Germany.
| | - Sander van den Driesche
- Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen, Bremen D-28359, Germany.
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| | - Melitta Kitzwögerer
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten A-3100, Austria.
| | - Christine Hafner
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten A-3100, Austria.
| | - Michael J Vellekoop
- Institute for Microsensors, Actuators and Systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen, Bremen D-28359, Germany.
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