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Zhao H, Zhang X, Zuo L, Li L, Yang H, Zhang M, Wang N, Jia Q, Liu Y. A new methodology to reveal potential nucleic acid modifications associated with the risk of endometrial cancer through dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HPLC-UV. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2439-2452. [PMID: 38400939 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid modifications have attracted increasing attention in recent years since they have been found to be related to a number of diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the early development of endometrial cancer (EC) is often accompanied by changes in methylation levels of related genes, and the expression of related proteins that regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) shows significant differences in EC cells and tissues. However, it has not been reported whether nucleic acid modifications related to methylation or ROS can serve as biomarkers for EC. Accurate quantification of these nucleic acid modifications still has challenges because their amounts in urine are very low and the interferences in urine are complicated. In this study, a novel dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method based on chitosan-carbon nanotube-Al2O3 (CS-CNT-Al2O3) has been established for the analysis of 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5 mU), 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC), 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC), 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in EC patient urine samples coupled with UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HPLC-UV. Firstly, the synthesis of the CS-CNT-Al2O3 nanocomposite was conducted by a sono-coprecipitation method and was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Under the optimal extraction conditions of DSPE, we successfully quantified 5 mU, 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG in urine samples from 37 EC patients and 39 healthy controls. The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG in EC patients compared to the healthy control group. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out to evaluate the potential of 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG to distinguish EC patients from healthy volunteers. The area under the curve (AUC) for 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG was 0.7412, 0.667, 0.8438, and 0.7981, respectively. It indicated that 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG had certain potential in distinguishing between EC patients and healthy volunteers and they could act as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of EC. Moreover, the present study would stimulate investigations of the effects of nucleic acid modifications on the initiation and progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujie Zuo
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfang Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Jamshidi M, Walcarius A, Thangamuthu M, Mehrgardi M, Ranjbar A. Electrochemical approaches based on micro- and nanomaterials for diagnosing oxidative stress. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:117. [PMID: 36879086 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
This review article comprehensively discusses the various electrochemical approaches for measuring and detecting oxidative stress biomarkers and enzymes, particularly reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, highly reactive chemical molecules, which are the byproducts of normal aerobic metabolism and can oxidize cellular components such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. First, we address the latest research on the electrochemical determination of reactive oxygen species generating enzymes, followed by detection of oxidative stress biomarkers, and final determination of total antioxidant activity (endogenous and exogenous). Most electrochemical sensing platforms exploited the unique properties of micro- and nanomaterials such as carbon nanomaterials, metal or metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), conductive polymers and metal-nano compounds, which have been mainly used for enhancing the electrocatalytic response of sensors/biosensors. The performance of the electroanalytical devices commonly measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in terms of detection limit, sensitivity, and linear range of detection is also discussed. This article provides a comprehensive review of electrode fabrication, characterization and evaluation of their performances, which are assisting to design and manufacture an appropriate electrochemical (bio)sensor for medical and clinical applications. The key points such as accessibility, affordability, rapidity, low cost, and high sensitivity of the electrochemical sensing devices are also highlighted for the diagnosis of oxidative stress. Overall, this review brings a timely discussion on past and current approaches for developing electrochemical sensors and biosensors mainly based on micro and nanomaterials for the diagnosis of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Jamshidi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alain Walcarius
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Microbiology for Materials and the Environment, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, Nancy, France
| | - Madasamy Thangamuthu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Masoud Mehrgardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Brazaca LC, Imamura AH, Gomes NO, Almeida MB, Scheidt DT, Raymundo-Pereira PA, Oliveira ON, Janegitz BC, Machado SAS, Carrilho E. Electrochemical immunosensors using electrodeposited gold nanostructures for detecting the S proteins from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5507-5517. [PMID: 35169906 PMCID: PMC8853172 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the development of a low-cost (< US$ 0.03 per device) immunosensor based on gold-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). As a proof of concept, the immunosensor was tested for a fast and sensitive determination of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, by a single disposable device. Gold nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited via direct reduction of gold ions on the electrode using amperometry. Capture antibodies from spike (S) protein were covalently immobilized on carboxylic groups of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) attached to the gold nanoparticles. Label-free detection of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 was performed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The immunosensor fabricated with 9 s gold deposition had a high performance in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and low limit of detection (LOD) (3.16 pmol L-1), thus permitting the direct determination of the target proteins in spiked saliva samples. The complete analysis can be carried out within 35 min using a simple one-step assay protocol with small sample volumes (10 µL). With such features, the immunoplatform presented here can be deployed for mass testing in point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Hikari Imamura
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Oezau Gomes
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bortholazzi Almeida
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Desirée Tamara Scheidt
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Garg M, Gupta A, Sharma AL, Singh S. Advancements in 2D Materials Based Biosensors for Oxidative Stress Biomarkers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5944-5960. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Garg
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arushi Gupta
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amit L. Sharma
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suman Singh
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Goldoni R, Farronato M, Connelly ST, Tartaglia GM, Yeo WH. Recent advances in graphene-based nanobiosensors for salivary biomarker detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 171:112723. [PMID: 33096432 PMCID: PMC7666013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As biosensing research is rapidly advancing due to significant developments in materials, chemistry, and electronics, researchers strive to build cutting-edge biomedical devices capable of detecting health-monitoring biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. Biosensors using nanomaterials are highly promising because of the wide detection range, fast response time, system miniaturization, and enhanced sensitivity. In the recent development of biosensors and electronics, graphene has rapidly gained popularity due to its superior electrical, biochemical, and mechanical properties. For biomarker detection, human saliva offers easy access with a large variety of analytes, making it a promising candidate for its use in point-of-care (POC) devices. Here, we report a comprehensive review that summarizes the most recent graphene-based nanobiosensors and oral bioelectronics for salivary biomarker detection. We discuss the details of structural designs of graphene electronics, use cases of salivary biomarkers, the performance of existing sensors, and applications in health monitoring. This review also describes current challenges in materials and systems and future directions of the graphene bioelectronics for clinical POC applications. Collectively, the main contribution of this paper is to deliver an extensive review of the graphene-enabled biosensors and oral electronics and their successful applications in human salivary biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Goldoni
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Marco Farronato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Maxillofacial and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Italy
| | - Stephen Thaddeus Connelly
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Maxillofacial and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Italy
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Materials, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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