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Lopez-Aguilar AA, Bustamante-Bello MR, Navarro-Tuch SA, Molina A. Development of a Framework for the Communication System Based on KNX for an Interactive Space for UX Evaluation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9570. [PMID: 38067942 PMCID: PMC10708817 DOI: 10.3390/s23239570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Domotics (Home Automation) aims to improve the quality of life of people by integrating intelligent systems within inhabitable spaces. While traditionally associated with smart home systems, these technologies have potential for User Experience (UX) research. By emulating environments to test products and services, and integrating non-invasive user monitoring tools for emotion recognition, an objective UX evaluation can be performed. To achieve this objective, a testing booth was built and instrumented with devices based on KNX, an international standard for home automation, to conduct experiments and ensure replicability. A framework was designed based on Python to synchronize KNX systems with emotion recognition tools; the synchronization of these data allows finding patterns during the interaction process. To evaluate this framework, an experiment was conducted in a simulated laundry room within the testing booth to analyze the emotional responses of participants while interacting with prototypes of new detergent bottles. Emotional responses were contrasted with traditional questionnaires to determine the viability of using non-invasive methods. Using emulated environments alongside non-invasive monitoring tools allowed an immersive experience for participants. These results indicated that the testing booth can be implemented for a robust UX evaluation methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A. Lopez-Aguilar
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.A.N.-T.); (A.M.)
| | - M. Rogelio Bustamante-Bello
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico; (S.A.N.-T.); (A.M.)
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Hartmann KV, Primc N, Rubeis G. Lost in translation? Conceptions of privacy and independence in the technical development of AI-based AAL. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE, AND PHILOSOPHY 2023; 26:99-110. [PMID: 36348209 PMCID: PMC9984520 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AAL encompasses smart home technologies that are installed in the personal living environment in order to support older, disabled, as well as chronically ill people with the goal of delaying or reducing their need for nursing care in a care facility. Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as an important tool for assisting the target group in their daily lives. A literature search and qualitative content analysis of 255 articles from computer science and engineering was conducted to explore the usage of ethical concepts. From an ethical point of view, the concept of independence and self-determination on the one hand and the possible loss of privacy on the other hand are widely discussed in the context of AAL. These concepts are adopted by the technical discourse in the sense that independence, self-determination and privacy are recognized as important values. Nevertheless, our research shows that these concepts have different usages and meanings in the ethical and the technical discourses. In the paper, we aim to map the different meanings of independence, self-determination and privacy as they can be found in the context of technological research on AI-based AAL systems. It investigates the interpretation of these ethical and social concepts which technicians try to build into AAL systems. In a second step, these interpretations are contextualized with concepts from the ethical discourse on AI-based assistive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Vera Hartmann
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nadia Primc
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Rubeis
- Department of General Health Studies, Division Biomedical and Public Health Ethics, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
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de Arriba-Pérez F, García-Méndez S, González-Castaño FJ, Costa-Montenegro E. Evaluation of Abstraction Capabilities and Detection of Discomfort with a Newscaster Chatbot for Entertaining Elderly Users. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21165515. [PMID: 34450958 PMCID: PMC8399879 DOI: 10.3390/s21165515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We recently proposed a novel intelligent newscaster chatbot for digital inclusion. Its controlled dialogue stages (consisting of sequences of questions that are generated with hybrid Natural Language Generation techniques based on the content) support entertaining personalisation, where user interest is estimated by analysing the sentiment of his/her answers. A differential feature of our approach is its automatic and transparent monitoring of the abstraction skills of the target users. In this work we improve the chatbot by introducing enhanced monitoring metrics based on the distance of the user responses to an accurate characterisation of the news content. We then evaluate abstraction capabilities depending on user sentiment about the news and propose a Machine Learning model to detect users that experience discomfort with precision, recall, F1 and accuracy levels over 80%.
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Leonidis A, Korozi M, Sykianaki E, Tsolakou E, Kouroumalis V, Ioannidi D, Stavridakis A, Antona M, Stephanidis C. Improving Stress Management and Sleep Hygiene in Intelligent Homes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2398. [PMID: 33808468 PMCID: PMC8036360 DOI: 10.3390/s21072398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High stress levels and sleep deprivation may cause several mental or physical health issues, such as depression, impaired memory, decreased motivation, obesity, etc. The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in our lives, generating significant stress, and worries about health, social isolation, employment, and finances. To this end, nowadays more than ever, it is crucial to deliver solutions that can help people to manage and control their stress, as well as to reduce sleep disturbances, so as to improve their health and overall quality of life. Technology, and in particular Ambient Intelligence Environments, can help towards that direction, when considering that they are able to understand the needs of their users, identify their behavior, learn their preferences, and act and react in their interest. This work presents two systems that have been designed and developed in the context of an Intelligent Home, namely CaLmi and HypnOS, which aim to assist users that struggle with stress and poor sleep quality, respectively. Both of the systems rely on real-time data collected by wearable devices, as well as contextual information retrieved from the ambient facilities of the Intelligent Home, so as to offer appropriate pervasive relaxation programs (CaLmi) or provide personalized insights regarding sleep hygiene (HypnOS) to the residents. This article will describe the design process that was followed, the functionality of both systems, the results of the user studies that were conducted for the evaluation of their end-user applications, and a discussion about future plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Leonidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Maria Korozi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eirini Sykianaki
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eleni Tsolakou
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Vasilios Kouroumalis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Danai Ioannidi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Andreas Stavridakis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Margherita Antona
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantine Stephanidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
- Department of Computer Science Heraklion, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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