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Younes N, Yassine HM, Kourentzi K, Tang P, Litvinov D, Willson RC, Abu-Raddad LJ, Nasrallah GK. A review of rapid food safety testing: using lateral flow assay platform to detect foodborne pathogens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:9910-9932. [PMID: 37350754 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2217921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental impact of foodborne pathogens on human health makes food safety a major concern at all levels of production. Conventional methods to detect foodborne pathogens, such as live culture, high-performance liquid chromatography, and molecular techniques, are relatively tedious, time-consuming, laborious, and expensive, which hinders their use for on-site applications. Recurrent outbreaks of foodborne illness have heightened the demand for rapid and simple technologies for detection of foodborne pathogens. Recently, Lateral flow assays (LFA) have drawn attention because of their ability to detect pathogens rapidly, cheaply, and on-site. Here, we reviewed the latest developments in LFAs to detect various foodborne pathogens in food samples, giving special attention to how reporters and labels have improved LFA performance. We also discussed different approaches to improve LFA sensitivity and specificity. Most importantly, due to the lack of studies on LFAs for the detection of viral foodborne pathogens in food samples, we summarized our recent research on developing LFAs for the detection of viral foodborne pathogens. Finally, we highlighted the main challenges for further development of LFA platforms. In summary, with continuing improvements, LFAs may soon offer excellent performance at point-of-care that is competitive with laboratory techniques while retaining a rapid format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin Younes
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dmitri Litvinov
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard C Willson
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Brosamer K, Kourentzi K, Willson RC, Vu BV. Glowstick-inspired smartphone-readable reporters for sensitive, multiplexed lateral flow immunoassays. COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 2023; 2:31. [PMID: 38586601 PMCID: PMC10955955 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-023-00075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased demand for point-of-care (POC) screening tests such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) and highlighted the need for sensitive and cost-effective POC diagnostic platforms. Here, we demonstrate an LFA platform using standard fluorescent nanoparticle reporters in which optical excitation is replaced by chemical excitation using the peroxyoxalate-based chemistry of inexpensive, shelf-stable glowsticks. The one-step chemi-excitation of fluorescent particles produces visible light readable by an unmodified smartphone, enhancing sensitivity while preserving simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Our Glow LFA detected the common model analyte human chorionic gonadotropin with a limit of detection (LoD) of 39 pg/mL-over ten times more sensitive than standard gold nanoparticles using the same antibodies. We also demonstrate its application to the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein at 100 pg/mL in nasal swab extract. Multiple fluorescent dyes can be chemi-excited by a single reagent, allowing for color multiplexing on a single LFA strip with a smartphone camera. The detection of three analytes on a single LFA test line was demonstrated using red, green, and blue fluorescent reporter particles, making glow LFA a promising platform for multiplexed detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Brosamer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Richard C. Willson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64710, Mexico
| | - Binh V. Vu
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Abstract
Emerging research in biosensors has attracted much attention worldwide, particularly in response to the recent pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nevertheless, initiating research in biosensing applied to the diagnosis of diseases is still challenging for researchers, be it in the preferences of biosensor platforms, selection of biomarkers, detection strategies, or other aspects (e.g., cutoff values) to fulfill the clinical purpose. There are two sides to the development of a diagnostic tool: the biosensor development side and the clinical side. From the development side, the research engineers seek the typical characteristics of a biosensor: sensitivity, selectivity, linearity, stability, and reproducibility. On the other side are the physicians that expect a diagnostic tool that provides fast acquisition of patient information to obtain an early diagnosis or an efficient patient stratification, which consequently allows for making assertive and efficient clinical decisions. The development of diagnostic devices always involves assay developer researchers working as pivots to bridge both sides whose role is to find detection strategies suitable to the clinical needs by understanding (1) the intended use of the technology and its basic principle and (2) the preferable type of test: qualitative or quantitative, sample matrix challenges, biomarker(s) threshold (cutoff value), and if the system requires a mono- or multiplex assay format. This review highlights the challenges for the development of biosensors for clinical assessment and its broad application in multidisciplinary fields. This review paper highlights the following biosensor technologies: magnetoresistive (MR)-based, transistor-based, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and optical-based biosensors. Its working mechanisms are discussed with their pros and cons. The article also gives an overview of the most critical parameters that are optimized by developing a diagnostic tool.
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Xu LD, Du FL, Zhu J, Ding SN. Luminous silica colloids with carbon dot incorporation for sensitive immunochromatographic assay of Zika virus. Analyst 2021; 146:706-713. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an02017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent SiO2 colloids prepared from silanized CDs embedded in silica spheres were integrated with an immunochromatographic platform for Zika virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Di Xu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- China
| | - Feng-Luan Du
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques
- Nanjing 210002
- China
| | - Shou-Nian Ding
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 211189
- China
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Cai Y, Yan J, Zhu L, Wang H, Lu Y. A Rapid Immunochromatographic Method Based on a Secondary Antibody-Labelled Magnetic Nanoprobe for the Detection of Hepatitis B preS2 Surface Antigen. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E161. [PMID: 33142715 PMCID: PMC7692799 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B is a globally prevalent viral infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). In this study, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for the rapid detection of hepatitis B preS2 antigen (preS2Ag) was established. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) indirectly labelled with goat anti-mouse (GAM) secondary antibody were applied as a nanoprobe for free preS2 antibody (preS2Ab) capturing and signal amplification. By employing sample pre-incubation processing as well, preS2Ag-preS2Ab was sufficiently caught by the GAM-MNPs probe in 5 min. A qualitative sensitivity of 625 ng/mL was obtained by naked-eye observation within 15-20 min. A standard curve (0-5000 ng/mL) was established, with a quantitative limit of detection (LOD) of 3.6 ng/mL, based on the stability and penetrability of the magnetic signal characteristics. The proposed method for preS2Ag was rapid (~25 min, cf. ELISA ~4 h) and had a good accuracy, which was verified using an ELISA kit (relative error < 15%). Large equipment and skilled technicians were not required. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed GAM-MNPs-ICA method were 93.3% and 90% in clinical serum samples (n = 25), respectively. A good detection consistency (84%) was observed between the developed ICA method and 2 types of commercial ELISA kits, indicating that the GAM-MNPs-ICA has a potential application in large-scale screening for and point-of-care diagnosis of hepatitis B or other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.)
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.)
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Hengliang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.)
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
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Kourentzi K, Crum M, Patil U, Prebisch A, Chavan D, Vu B, Zeng Z, Litvinov D, Zu Y, Willson RC. Recombinant expression, characterization, and quantification in human cancer cell lines of the Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma-characteristic NPM-ALK fusion protein. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5078. [PMID: 32193476 PMCID: PMC7081362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive T-cell lymphoma most commonly seen in children and young adults. The majority of pediatric ALCLs are associated with the t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation which fuses the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene with the Nucleophosmin (NPM) gene. The NPM-ALK fusion protein is a constitutively-active tyrosine kinase, and plays a major role in tumor pathogenesis. In an effort to advance novel diagnostic approaches and the understanding of the function of this fusion protein in cancer cells, we expressed in E. coli, purified and characterized human NPM-ALK fusion protein to be used as a standard for estimating expression levels in cultured human ALCL cells, a key tool in ALCL pathobiology research. We estimated that NPM-ALK fusion protein is expressed at substantial levels in both Karpas 299 and SU-DHL-1 cells (ca. 4-6 million molecules or 0.5-0.7 pg protein per cell; based on our in-house developed NPM-ALK ELISA; LOD of 40 pM) as compared to the ubiquitous β-actin protein (ca. 64 million molecules or 4.5 pg per lymphocyte). We also compared NPM-ALK/ β-actin ratios determined by ELISA to those independently determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis and showed that the two methods are in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Mary Crum
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Ujwal Patil
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Ana Prebisch
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Dimple Chavan
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Binh Vu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Zihua Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri Litvinov
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Richard C Willson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud ITESM, Monterrey, Mexico.
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