The AIDSS Module for Data Acquisition in Crisis Situations and Environmental Protection

The Coordination of Environmental Protection and Female Discrimination Based on the Concept of Affirmative Action

With the development of society, the chemical industry is expanding, and the hazy weather everywhere is becoming increasingly frequent, already affecting people's lives and causing them to pay more attention to environmental issues. Therefore, this paper highlights the role of women in environmental protection by studying the coordination of environmental protection and female discrimination based on the concept of affirmative action. Through this study and a survey, we found that China has not yet realized that women's participation in environmental protection plays a key role in improving the quality of our environment and the development of ecological civilization. However, we should clearly understand that environmental issues are not only personal, they are related to the survival and development of a country, and as a member of that country, both women and men should have the right and obligation to protect the environment. Therefore, this article discusses the concept and meaning of affirmative action and gender discrimination in the context of research on these concepts, discussing the problems and phenomena that women encounter in environmental protection. These include the system of women's environmental protection, gender issues for women in society, and the unequal treatment from the Government based on some studies. Through the study and analysis of the system of women's environmental protection, the role and position of women in this regard is summarized. Finally, it is suggested that, for the construction and development of ecological civilization in China, it is necessary to fully integrate ecological civilization into all aspects of society and pay attention to environmental protection issues. Therefore, we should pay attention to the role of women in environmental protection, provide corresponding policies, and actively encourage women to partake in environmental protection in order to build an environmentally friendly and resource-saving society together.

Systematic Review of Anomaly Detection in Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Applications

Hyperspectral sensors are passive instruments that record reflected electromagnetic radiation in tens or hundreds of narrow and consecutive spectral bands. In the last two decades, the availability of hyperspectral data has sharply increased, propelling the development of a plethora of hyperspectral classification and target detection algorithms. Anomaly detection methods in hyperspectral images refer to a class of target detection methods that do not require any a-priori knowledge about a hyperspectral scene or target spectrum. They are unsupervised learning techniques that automatically discover rare features on hyperspectral images. This review paper is organized into two parts: part A provides a bibliographic analysis of hyperspectral image processing for anomaly detection in remote sensing applications. Development of the subject field is discussed, and key authors and journals are highlighted. In part B an overview of the topic is presented, starting from the mathematical framework for anomaly detection. The anomaly detection methods were generally categorized as techniques that implement structured or unstructured background models and then organized into appropriate sub-categories. Specific anomaly detection methods are presented with corresponding detection statistics, and their properties are discussed. This paper represents the first review regarding hyperspectral image processing for anomaly detection in remote sensing applications.

Modeling and Simulation of Very High Spatial Resolution UXOs and Landmines in a Hyperspectral Scene for UAV Survey

This paper presents methods for the modeling and simulation of explosive target placement in terrain spectral images (i.e., real hyperspectral 90-channel VNIR data), considering unexploded ordnances, landmines, and improvised explosive devices. The models used for landmine detection operate at sub-pixel levels. The presented research uses very fine spatial resolutions, 0.945 × 0.945 mm for targets and 1.868 × 1.868 cm for the scene, where the number of target pixels ranges from 52 to 116. While previous research has used the mean spectral value of the target, it is omitted in this paper. The model considers the probability of detection and its confidence intervals, which are derived and used in the analysis of the considered explosive targets. The detection results are better when decreased target endmembers are used to match the scene resolution, rather than using endmembers at the full resolution of the target. Unmanned aerial vehicles, as carriers of snapshot hyperspectral cameras, enable flexible target resolution selection and good area coverage.