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Khonina SN, Kazanskiy NL, Butt MA. Optical Fibre-Based Sensors-An Assessment of Current Innovations. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:835. [PMID: 37754069 PMCID: PMC10526340 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical fibre sensors are an essential subset of optical fibre technology, designed specifically for sensing and measuring several physical parameters. These sensors offer unique advantages over traditional sensors, making them gradually more valuable in a wide range of applications. They can detect extremely small variations in the physical parameters they are designed to measure, such as analytes in the case of biosensing. This high sensitivity allows them to detect subtle variations in temperature, pressure, strain, the refractive index of analytes, vibration, and other environmental factors with exceptional accuracy. Moreover, these sensors enable remote sensing capabilities. Since light signals are used to carry information, the sensing elements can be placed at distant or inaccessible sites and still communicate the data back to the central monitoring system without signal degradation. In recent times, different attractive configurations and approaches have been proposed to enhance the sensitivity of the optical fibre-based sensor and are briefly explained in this review. However, we believe that the choice of optical fibre sensor configuration should be designated based on the specific application. As these sensors continue to evolve and improve, they will play an increasingly vital role in critical monitoring and control applications across various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana N. Khonina
- Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
- IPSI RAS-Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, 443001 Samara, Russia
| | - Nikolay L. Kazanskiy
- Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
- IPSI RAS-Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, 443001 Samara, Russia
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Shi J, Ghaffar A, Li Y, Mehdi I, Mehdi R, A. Soomro F, Hussain S, Mehdi M, Li Q, Li Z. Dynamic Rotational Sensor Using Polymer Optical Fiber for Robot Movement Assessment Based on Intensity Variation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235167. [PMID: 36501562 PMCID: PMC9737921 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex signal processing technique is usually required to process the data in most sensor design structures, and integration into real applications is also challenging. This work presents a dynamic rotational sensor using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) fiber for robot movement assessment. The sensor design structure is based on the coupling of light intensity, in which two PMMA fibers are twisted together. Both fibers are bent after twisting and attached on the linear translation stage, which is further attached to the robot. The variation in bending radius causes the bending loss, and that loss is coupled in the second fiber. The change in the macro-bend radius corresponds to the rotation of the robot. Experimental results indicate that the sensor can operate in full rotational cycle (i.e., 0°-360°) as well as for clock and anti-clockwise rotation. Moreover, different rotational speeds (2°/s, 3°/s, 5°/s, and 10°/s) were carried out. The hysteresis loss of the sensor was about 0.77% and the sensitivity was 8.69 nW/°. The presented dynamic rotational sensor is cost-effective and easily integrated into the robot structure to analyze the robot's circular motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Shi
- Department of Automation, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: or (A.G.); (Y.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Yongwei Li
- Department of Automation, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Correspondence: or (A.G.); (Y.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Irfan Mehdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, QUEST Nawabshah, Nawabshah 67450, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Mehdi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz A. Soomro
- Department of Management Science, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 24800, Pakistan
| | - Sadam Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
- Institute of Turbomachinery, Xi’an Jiatong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Mujahid Mehdi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan
- Correspondence: or (A.G.); (Y.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Qiang Li
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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Savović S, Li L, Savović I, Djordjevich A, Min R. Treatment of Mode Coupling in Step-Index Multimode Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers by the Langevin Equation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061243. [PMID: 35335573 PMCID: PMC8952213 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
By solving the Langevin equation, mode coupling in a multimode step-index microstructured polymer optical fibers (SI mPOF) with a solid core was investigated. The numerical integration of the Langevin equation was based on the computer-simulated Langevin force. The numerical solution of the Langevin equation corresponded to the previously reported theoretical data. We demonstrated that by solving the Langevin equation (stochastic differential equation), one can successfully treat a mode coupling in multimode SI mPOF as a stochastic process, since it is caused by its intrinsic random perturbations. Thus, the Langevin equation allowed for a stochastic mathematical description of mode coupling in SI mPOF. Regarding the efficiency and execution speed, the Langevin equation was more favorable than the power flow equation. Such knowledge is useful for the use of multimode SI mPOFs for potential sensing and communication applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetislav Savović
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (S.S.); (L.L.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Linqing Li
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (S.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Isidora Savović
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Alexandar Djordjevich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Rui Min
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (S.S.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence:
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