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Rosiak O, Puzio A, Kaminska D, Zwolinski G, Jozefowicz-Korczynska M. Virtual Reality-A Supplement to Posturography or a Novel Balance Assessment Tool? SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22207904. [PMID: 36298254 PMCID: PMC9608655 DOI: 10.3390/s22207904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) is a well-established technology in medicine. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) have made VR more accessible in many branches of medical research. However, its application in balance evaluation has been vague, and comprehensive literature on possible applications of VR in posture measurement is scarce. The aim of this review is to conduct a literature search on the application of immersive VR delivered using a head-mounted display in posturographic measurements. A systematic search of two databases, PubMed and Scopus, using the keywords "virtual reality" and "posturography," was performed following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Initial search results returned 89 non-duplicate records. Two reviewers independently screened the abstracts. Sixteen papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria and were selected for complete text retrieval. An additional 16 records were identified from citation searching. Ultimately, 21 studies were included in this review. virtual reality is often used as additional visual stimuli in static and dynamic posturography evaluation. Only one study has attempted to evaluate a VR environment in a head-mounted display as an independent method in the assessment of posture. Further research should be conducted to assess HMD VR as a standalone posturography replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Rosiak
- Balance Disorders Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, The Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Puzio
- Balance Disorders Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, The Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zwolinski
- Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jozefowicz-Korczynska
- Balance Disorders Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, The Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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Detection of balance disorders using rotations around vertical axis and an artificial neural network. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7472. [PMID: 35523836 PMCID: PMC9076858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular impairments affect patients' movements and can result in difficulties with daily life activities. The main aim of this study is to answer the question whether a simple and short test such as rotation about a vertical axis can be an objective method of assessing balance dysfunction in patients with unilateral vestibular impairments. A 360˚ rotation test was performed using six MediPost devices. The analysis was performed in three ways: (1) the analytical approach based only on data from one sensor; (2) the analytical approach based on data from six sensors; (3) the artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on data from six sensors. For approaches 1 and 2 best results were obtained using maximum angular velocities (MAV) of rotation and rotation duration (RD), while approach 3 used 11 different features. The following sensitivities and specificities were achieved: for approach 1: MAV—80% and 60%, RD—69% and 74%; for approach 2: 61% and 85% and RD—74% and 56%; for approach 3: 88% and 84%. The ANN-based six-sensor approach revealed the best sensitivity and specificity among parameters studied, however one-sensor approach might be a simple screening test used e.g. for rehabilitation purposes.
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Gawrońska A, Zamysłowska-Szmytke E, Janc M, Kotas R, Kamiński M, Marciniak P, Tylman W, Woźniak S, Napieralski J, Sakowicz B, Pajor A, Rosiak O, Puzio A, Lucas-Brot W, Józefowicz-Korczyńska M. Innovative System for Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Human Imbalance. Otolaryngol Pol 2022; 76:7-11. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
<b>Introduction:</b> Mobile posturography is based on wearable inertial sensors; it allows to test static stability (static posturography) and gait disturbances. </br> </br> <b>Aim:</b> The aim of this work was to present the results of research on the innovative MEDIPOST system used for diagnosis and rehabilitation of balance disorders. </br> </br> <b>Material and methods:</b> Fourteen articles published in influenced foreign journals were presented and discussed. The deve-lopment and construction of the device was preceded by a literature review and methodological work. The Dizziness Handi-cap Inventory (DHI) questionnaire was translated and validated. The methodology of posturography with head movements with a frequency of 0.3 Hz was also developed in the group with chronic vestibular disorders. Simultaneous measurements were performed (static posturogrphy vs. MEDIPOST) in the CTSIB-M (Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance) test in healthy subjects and patients with unilateral peripheral dysfunction.</br> </br> <b>Results:</b> In the posturography with head movements the improvement of sensitivity (67 to 74%) and specificity (65 to 71%) was noted. In the CTSIB-M test the intraclass correlation coefficients for both methods were 0.9. The greatest differences between examinations were observed for the mean angular velocity in the tests on the foam (trials no. 3 and 4), in particular on the foam with eyes closed (trial no. 4 – sensitivity 86.4%, specificity 87.7%). Two functional tests were analyzed: the Swap Seats test and the 360 degree turn test. In the former, the results are studied from 6 sensors – 86% of the true positives and 73% of the true negatives for the fall/ no-fall group classification. The second test differentiates people with vestibular impairment and healthy people. It can be analyzed with 1 (sensitivity 80%) and 6 sensors (sensitivity 86%, specificity 84%). Currently, the MEDIPOST device is in the development and certification phase
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gawrońska
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Janc
- Audiology and Phoniatrics Clinic, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine in Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Kotas
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Marek Kamiński
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Wojciech Tylman
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Sebastian Woźniak
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Jan Napieralski
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Bartosz Sakowicz
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Anna Pajor
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
| | - Oskar Rosiak
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
| | - Anna Puzio
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
| | - Weronika Lucas-Brot
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
| | - Magdalena Józefowicz-Korczyńska
- Department of the Balance System, 1st Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz, University Clinical Hospital No. N. Barlicki, Poland
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Szermer M, Zając P, Amrozik P, Maj C, Jankowski M, Jabłoński G, Kiełbik R, Nazdrowicz J, Napieralska M, Sakowicz B. A Capacitive 3-Axis MEMS Accelerometer for Medipost: A Portable System Dedicated to Monitoring Imbalance Disorders. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3564. [PMID: 34065449 PMCID: PMC8161350 DOI: 10.3390/s21103564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The constant development and miniaturization of MEMS sensors invariably provides new possibilities for their use in health-related and medical applications. The application of MEMS devices in posturographic systems allows faster diagnosis and significantly facilitates the work of medical staff. MEMS accelerometers constitute a vital part of such systems, particularly those intended for monitoring patients with imbalance disorders. The correct design of such sensors is crucial for gathering data about patient movement and ensuring the good overall performance of the entire system. This paper presents the design and measurements of a three-axis accelerometer dedicated for use in a device which tracks patient movement. Its main focus is the characterization of the sensor, comparing different designs and evaluating the impact of the packaging and readout circuit integration on sensor operation. Extensive testing and measurements confirm that the designed accelerometer works correctly and allows identifying the best design in terms of sensitivity/stability. Moreover, the response of the proposed sensor as a function of the applied acceleration demonstrates very good linearity only if the readout circuit is integrated in the same package as the MEMS sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szermer
- Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, 93-005 Lodz, Poland; (P.Z.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (M.J.); (G.J.); (R.K.); (J.N.); (M.N.); (B.S.)
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