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A digitalized framework for responding to radiological accidents in a public major event. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2023.100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Marques L, Félix L, Cruz G, Coelho V, Caetano J, Vale A, Cruz C, Alves L, Vaz P. Neutron and Gamma-Ray Detection System Coupled to a Multirotor for Screening of Shipping Container Cargo. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:329. [PMID: 36616926 PMCID: PMC9824015 DOI: 10.3390/s23010329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to detect special nuclear materials and other radioactive materials in Security and Defense scenarios, normally, a combination of neutron and gamma-ray detection systems is used. In particular, to avoid illicit traffic of special nuclear materials and radioactive sources/materials, radiation portal monitors are placed at seaports to inspect shipping-container cargo. Despite their large volume (high efficiency), these detection systems are expensive, and therefore only a fraction of these containers are inspected. In this work, a novel mobile radiation detection system is presented, based on an EJ-200 plastic scintillator for the detection of gamma rays and beta particles, and a neutron detector EJ-426HD plastic scintillator (with 6Li) embedded in a compact and modular moderator. The use of silicon photomultipliers in both detectors presented advantages such as lightweight, compactness, and low power consumption. The developed detection system was integrated in a highly maneuverable multirotor. Monte Carlo simulations were validated by laboratory measurements and field tests were performed using real gamma-ray and neutron sources. The detection and localization within one meter was achieved using a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm for 137Cs sources (4 MBq), as well as the detection of 241Am-beryllium (1.45 GBq) source placed inside the shipping container.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Marques
- Centro de Investigação da Academia da Força Aérea, Academia da Força Aérea, Instituto Universitário Militar, Granja do Marquês, 2715-021 Pêro Pinheiro, Portugal
| | - Luís Félix
- Centro de Investigação da Academia da Força Aérea, Academia da Força Aérea, Instituto Universitário Militar, Granja do Marquês, 2715-021 Pêro Pinheiro, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Cruz
- Centro de Investigação da Academia da Força Aérea, Academia da Força Aérea, Instituto Universitário Militar, Granja do Marquês, 2715-021 Pêro Pinheiro, Portugal
| | - Vasco Coelho
- Centro de Investigação da Academia da Força Aérea, Academia da Força Aérea, Instituto Universitário Militar, Granja do Marquês, 2715-021 Pêro Pinheiro, Portugal
| | - João Caetano
- Centro de Investigação da Academia da Força Aérea, Academia da Força Aérea, Instituto Universitário Militar, Granja do Marquês, 2715-021 Pêro Pinheiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto Vale
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cruz
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Alves
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Vaz
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Lisboa, Portugal
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Gamma ray detection performance of newly developed MAPD-3NM-II photosensor with LaBr 3(Ce) crystal. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15855. [PMID: 36151262 PMCID: PMC9508114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the gamma-ray detection performance of the newly developed MAPD-3NM-II type SiPM sensor array (4 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {LaBr}_3$$\end{document}LaBr3(Ce) scintillator. The gamma-ray spectra of various sources have been measured in the energy range from 26 keV up to 1332 keV. The newly developed array based on MAPD-3NM-II sensors proved \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 22% enhancement in energy resolution in comparison to the former MAPD-3NM-I based array. The energy resolution of 662 keV gamma-rays measured by MAPD-3NM-II was 3.3% while clearly surpassing 4.25% resolution of MAPD-3NM-I predecessor. The enhancement is related to the high PDE of the new MAPD-3NM-II. Obtained results show that the new MAPD-3NM-II demonstrated good energy resolution and linearity in the studied energy region. The energy resolution of the new detector developed based on MAPD-3NM-II was better than all previous products of MAPD.
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Drone-Based Non-Destructive Inspection of Industrial Sites: A Review and Case Studies. DRONES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/drones5040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Using aerial platforms for Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) of large and complex structures is a growing field of interest in various industries. Infrastructures such as: buildings, bridges, oil and gas, etc. refineries require regular and extensive inspections. The inspection reports are used to plan and perform required maintenance, ensuring their structural health and the safety of the workers. However, performing these inspections can be challenging due to the size of the facility, the lack of easy access, the health risks for the inspectors, or several other reasons, which has convinced companies to invest more in drones as an alternative solution to overcome these challenges. The autonomous nature of drones can assist companies in reducing inspection time and cost. Moreover, the employment of drones can lower the number of required personnel for inspection and can increase personnel safety. Finally, drones can provide a safe and reliable solution for inspecting hard-to-reach or hazardous areas. Despite the recent developments in drone-based NDI to reliably detect defects, several limitations and challenges still need to be addressed. In this paper, a brief review of the history of unmanned aerial vehicles, along with a comprehensive review of studies focused on UAV-based NDI of industrial and commercial facilities, are provided. Moreover, the benefits of using drones in inspections as an alternative to conventional methods are discussed, along with the challenges and open problems of employing drones in industrial inspections, are explored. Finally, some of our case studies conducted in different industrial fields in the field of Non-Destructive Inspection are presented.
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