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Drozd M, Kobylska E, Żmieńko M, Chudy M. Sensitive and label-free SPR biosensing platforms for high-throughput screening of plasma membrane receptors interactions with insulin-like targets of hypoglycaemic activity. Talanta 2024; 274:125914. [PMID: 38537356 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Progress in medical sciences aims for tailored therapy of civilization diseases like diabetes. Preclinical screening of new medicines superior to insulin should include the verification of their affinity to the membrane receptors naturally stimulated by this hormone: insulin receptor isoforms A and B and insulin-like growth factor receptor. Considering that the affinity constants obtained using different experimental conditions are incomparable, it is essential to develop a robust and reliable method to analyze these interactions. The versatile SPR platform developed in this study enables the evaluation of the bioactivity of hypoglycaemic molecules. Thanks to the comprehensive characterization of miscellaneous aspects of the analytical platform, including the design of the SPR biosensor receptor layer, ensuring interaction specificity, as well as the quality control of the standards used (human insulin, HI; long-acting insulin analog: glargine, Gla), the feasibility of the method of equilibrium and kinetic constants determination for insulin-like targets was confirmed. SPR assays constructed in the direct format using IR-A, IR-B, and IGF1-R receptor proteins show high sensitivities and low detection limits towards insulin and glargine detection in the range of 18.3-53.3 nM with no signs of mass transport limitations. The improved analytical performance and stability of SPR biosensors favor the acquisition of good-quality kinetic data, while preservation of receptors activity after binding to long-chain carboxymethyldextran, combined with spontaneous regeneration, results in stability and long shelf life of the biosensor, which makes it useful for label-free insulin analogs biosensing and thus extensive screening in diabetic drugs discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Drozd
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland; Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Poleczki 19, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kobylska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland; Łukasiewicz - Industrial Chemistry Institute, Rydygiera 8, 01-793, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Żmieńko
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Chudy
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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Mehta D, Gupta D, Kafle A, Kaur S, Nagaiah TC. Advances and Challenges in Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors for Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarker Neuron-Specific Enolase. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33-51. [PMID: 38222505 PMCID: PMC10785636 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Early and rapid detection of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is highly significant, as it is putative biomarker for small-cell lung cancer as well as COVID-19. Electrochemical techniques have attracted substantial attention for the early detection of cancer biomarkers due to the important properties of simplicity, high sensitivity, specificity, low cost, and point-of-care detection. This work reviews the clinically relevant labeled and label-free electrochemical immunosensors developed so far for the analysis of NSE. The prevailing role of nanostructured materials as electrode matrices is thoroughly discussed. Subsequently, the key performances of various immunoassays are critically evaluated in terms of limit of detection, linear ranges, and incubation time for clinical translation. Electrochemical techniques coupled with screen-printed electrodes developing market level commercialization of NSE sensors is also discussed. Finally, the review concludes with the current challenges associated with available methods and provides a future outlook toward commercialization opportunities for easy detection of NSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Divyani Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Alankar Kafle
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Sukhjot Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Tharamani C. Nagaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Hans R, Yadav PK, Zaman MB, Poolla R, Thavaselvam D. A rapid direct-differential agglutination assay for Brucella detection using antibodies conjugated with functionalized gold nanoparticles. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2023.1132783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is the most widespread and serious zoonotic disease worldwide which affects livestock, sylvatic wildlife, marine dwellers, and humans. It is acquired through Alphaproteobacteria which belong to the genus Brucella and is categorized as a potential bio-threat agent. In this study, we developed a rapid and direct differential whole cell (WC) agglutination-based assay for its on-field detection. The recombinant outer membrane (rOmp28) protein-derived specific mice IgG polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) of Brucella were purified using affinity chromatography and conjugated with functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for rapid agglutination. A positive blot of 32 kDa protein revealed specific immuno-reactivity of rOmp28-pAbs using immunoblot analysis. For the synthesis of AuNPs, the conventional “Turkevich method” was optimized at a concentration < 1 mM of gold precursor for obtaining 50-nm-sized particles. Also, their physico-chemical characteristics were analyzed using UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential (ζ, ZP), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, these AuNPs were functionalized with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) to prepare modified carboxylated AuNPs. For bioconjugation with Brucella rOmp28 IgG pAbs, antibody-conjugated functionalized AuNP constructs were prepared and characterized using FT-IR analysis with strong N–H deformations. Subsequently, these bioconjugated AuNPs were used to develop a direct-differential slide agglutination assay with a detection limit of 104 CFU mL−1. The sensitivity of this assay was compared with standard double-antibody sandwich ELISA (S-ELISA) using rOmp28 IgG pAbs with an LOD of 103 CFU mL−1 and a detection range of 102–108 CFU mL−1. No intraspecies cross-reactivity was observed based on evaluation of its specificity with a battery of closely related bacterial species. In conclusion, the increased sensitivity and specificity of the developed agglutination assay obtained using bioconjugated functionalized AuNPs is ≥ 98% for the detection of Brucella. Therefore, it can be used as an alternate rapid method of direct WC detection of bacteria as it is simple, robust, and cost-effective, with minimal time of reaction in the case of early disease diagnosis.
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Xue J, Zhang H, Zeng S. Integrate thermostabilized fusion protein apocytochrome b562RIL and N-glycosylation mutations: A novel approach to heterologous expression of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965038. [PMID: 36034790 PMCID: PMC9412022 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7 is a crucial phase II metabolic enzyme that transfers glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA) to endobiotic and xenobiotic substrates. Biophysical and biochemical investigations of UGT2B7 are hampered by the challenge of the integral membrane protein purification. This study focused on the expression and purification of recombinant UGT2B7 by optimizing the insertion sites for the thermostabilized fusion protein apocytochrome b562RIL (BRIL) and various mutations to improve the protein yields and homogeneity. Preparation of the recombinant proteins with high purity accelerated the measurement of pharmacokinetic parameters of UGT2B7. The dissociation constants (KD) of two classical substrates (zidovudine and androsterone) and two inhibitors (schisanhenol and hesperetin) of UGT2B7 were determined using the surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) for the first time. Using negative-staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UGT2B7 protein particles were characterized, which could be useful for further exploring its three-dimensional structure. The methods described in this study could be broadly applied to other UGTs and are expected to provide the basis for the exploration of metabolic enzyme kinetics, the mechanisms of drug metabolisms and drug interactions, changes in pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics studies in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xue
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Zhang, ; Su Zeng,
| | - Su Zeng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Zhang, ; Su Zeng,
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Jeong KB, Kim JS, Dhanasekar NN, Lee MK, Chi SW. Application of nanopore sensors for biomolecular interactions and drug discovery. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200679. [PMID: 35929410 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecular interactions, including protein-protein, protein-nucleic acid, and protein/nucleic acid-ligand interactions, play crucial roles in various cellular signaling and biological processes, and offer attractive therapeutic targets in numerous human diseases. Currently, drug discovery is limited by the low efficiency and high cost of conventional ensemble-averaging-based techniques for biomolecular interaction analysis and high-throughput drug screening. Nanopores are an emerging technology for single-molecule sensing of biomolecules. Owing to the robust advantages of single-molecule sensing, nanopore sensors have contributed tremendously to nucleic acid sequencing and disease diagnostics. In this minireview, we summarize the recent developments and outlooks in single-molecule sensing of various biomolecular interactions for drug discovery applications using biological and solid-state nanopore sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Baek Jeong
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Division of Biomedical Research, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Critical Diseases Diagnostics Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Division of Biomedical Research, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Critical Diseases Diagnostics Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Naresh Niranjan Dhanasekar
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Division of Biomedical Research, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Division of Biomedical Research, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Critical Diseases Diagnostics Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, 34113, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Wook Chi
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Division of Biomedical Research, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Proteome Structural Biology, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, 34113, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Wu Q, Wu W, Chen F, Ren P. Highly sensitive and selective surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein. Analyst 2022; 147:2809-2818. [PMID: 35616214 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00426g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reality that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still raging around the world and making a comeback with a strong presence has highlighted the need for rapid and sensitive quantitative detection methods of viral RNA, antibody and antigen for widespread tracking and screening applications. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection technology has achieved rapid development and become a standard measurement method in the fields of biosensing, biomedicine, biochemistry and biopharmaceuticals due to its advantages of high sensitivity, fast response and no need for labelling. Here, we report a sandwiched structure-based SPR biosensor for detecting a specific viral antigen, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike S1 protein. The sensor combines a Ti3C2-MXene nanosheet modified sensing platform and polydopamine (PDA)-Ag nanoparticle (AgNP)/anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein nanoconjugate signal enhancers, exhibiting a wide linear range of 0.0001 to 1000 ng mL-1 with a low detection limit of 12 fg mL-1 (S/N = 3). In the analysis of artificial saliva and human serum samples, the proposed SPR biosensor exhibits good reproducibility and high specificity, which indicates its potential for application in complex bodily fluids. The exploitation of the MXene-based SPR biochip for recognizing the SARS-CoV-2 antigen provides an accessible and rapid way for COVID-19 diagnosis, and promotes the application of 2D nanomaterial-based sensing chips in clinical diagnosis and disease screening. Significantly, the proposed method possesses general applicability that can be reprogrammed to detect any protein antigen if a corresponding specific nanobody is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-V colorectal cancer biomarker immunosensor with label-free electrochemical detection. Talanta 2022; 243:123337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sensitivity Analysis of Single- and Bimetallic Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21134348. [PMID: 34202104 PMCID: PMC8271734 DOI: 10.3390/s21134348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of the sensitivity of two surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors was conducted on a single-metallic Au sensor and bimetallic Ag–Au sensor, using a cathepsin S sensor as an example. Numerically modeled resonance curves of Au and Ag–Au layers, with parameters verified by the results of experimental reflectance measurement of real-life systems, were used for the analysis of these sensors. Mutual relationships were determined between ∂Y/∂n components of sensitivity of the Y signal in the SPR measurement to change the refractive index n of the near-surface sensing layer and ∂n/∂c sensitivity of refractive index n to change the analyte’s concentration, c, for both types of sensors. Obtained results were related to experimentally determined calibration curves of both sensors. A characteristic feature arising from the comparison of calibration curves is the similar level of Au and Ag–Au biosensors’ sensitivity in the linear range, where the signal of the AgAu sensor is at a level several times greater. It was shown that the influence of sensing surface morphology on the ∂n/∂c sensitivity component had to be incorporated to explain the features of calibration curves of sensors. The shape of the sensory surface relief was proposed to increase the sensor sensitivity at low analyte concentrations.
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