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Lin HC, Wang CH, Kuo TBJ, Yang CCH, Lee JC, Chiu FS, Chang Y, Jacobowitz O, Chu CM, Hsu YS. Upper Airway Surgery or Weight Control? Modified Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 169:1345-1355. [PMID: 37210602 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the value of head rotation in the supine position and oral appliance (OA) use in drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). STUDY DESIGN Eighty-three sleep apnea adults undergoing target-controlled infusion-DISE (TCI-DISE) were recruited from a tertiary academic medical center. SETTING During DISE, 4 positions were utilized: supine position (position 1), head rotation (position 2), mandibular advancement using an OA (position 3), and head rotation with an OA (position 4). METHODS Polysomnography (PSG) data and anthropometric variables during DISE were analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-three patients (65 men and 18 women; mean [standard deviation, SD], 48.5 [11.0] years) who underwent PSG and TCI-DISE were included. The mean (SD) apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 35.5 (22.4) events/h. Twenty-three patients had persistent complete concentric velopharyngeal collapse in the supine position, even with concurrent head rotation and OA (position 4). Their mean (SD) AHI was 54.7 (24.6) events/h, significantly higher than that of the 60 patients without such collapse in position 4 (p < .001). Their mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) was 29.0 (4.1) kg/m2 , also significantly higher (p = .005). After adjustment for age, BMI, tonsil size, and tongue position, the degree of velum and tongue base obstruction was significantly associated with sleep apnea severity in positions 2, 3, and 4. CONCLUSION We showed the feasibility, safety, and usefulness of using simple edge-to-edge, reusable OA in DISE. Patients who are not responsive to head rotation and OA during TCI-DISE may need upper airway surgery and/or weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Che Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hung Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center, Taoyuan Psychiatric Center Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jih-Chin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Feng-Shiang Chiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Chi-Ming Chu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying-Shuo Hsu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shin Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kuo CF, Tsai CY, Cheng WH, Hs WH, Majumdar A, Stettler M, Lee KY, Kuan YC, Feng PH, Tseng CH, Chen KY, Kang JH, Lee HC, Wu CJ, Liu WT. Machine learning approaches for predicting sleep arousal response based on heart rate variability, oxygen saturation, and body profiles. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231205744. [PMID: 37846406 PMCID: PMC10576931 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231205744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Obstructive sleep apnea is a global health concern, and several tools have been developed to screen its severity. However, most tools focus on respiratory events instead of sleep arousal, which can also affect sleep efficiency. This study employed easy-to-measure parameters-namely heart rate variability, oxygen saturation, and body profiles-to predict arousal occurrence. Methods Body profiles and polysomnography recordings were collected from 659 patients. Continuous heart rate variability and oximetry measurements were performed and then labeled based on the presence of sleep arousal. The dataset, comprising five body profiles, mean heart rate, six heart rate variability, and five oximetry variables, was then split into 80% training/validation and 20% testing datasets. Eight machine learning approaches were employed. The model with the highest accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and area under the precision recall curve values in the training/validation dataset was applied to the testing dataset and to determine feature importance. Results InceptionTime, which exhibited superior performance in predicting sleep arousal in the training dataset, was used to classify the testing dataset and explore feature importance. In the testing dataset, InceptionTime achieved an accuracy of 76.21%, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 84.33%, and an area under the precision recall curve of 86.28%. The standard deviations of time intervals between successive normal heartbeats and the square roots of the means of the squares of successive differences between normal heartbeats were predominant predictors of arousal occurrence. Conclusions The established models can be considered for screening sleep arousal occurrence or integrated in wearable devices for home-based sleep examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Fan Kuo
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taichung, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Hao Cheng
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Respiratory Therapy, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hua Hs
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Stettler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Kuan
- Sleep Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Tseng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Horng Kang
- Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chien Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jung Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Te Liu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Fukuda C, Higami Y, Shigenobu K, Kanemoto H, Yamakawa M. Using a Non-Wearable Actigraphy in Nursing Care for Dementia With Lewy Bodies. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2022; 37:15333175221082747. [PMID: 35343815 PMCID: PMC10581098 DOI: 10.1177/15333175221082747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
People who have dementia with Lewy bodies often have sleep disorders. We used non-wearable devices to record and categorize the sleep patterns of patients with Lewy body dementia. Individual sleep data at a dementia-care unit in Japan were recorded using non-wearables. One week's worth of data from 18 patients was analyzed. Median metrics for all participants were the following: sleep efficiency, 68% (23-89); sleep duration at night, 6.8 hours (1.6-11.1); times getting out of bed at night, 3.5 (0-13). We identified three types of abnormal sleep: extremely short sleep duration, excessive sleep duration at night, and excessive number of times getting out of bed at night. Sleep disturbances in Lewy body dementia patients are treated using various practices; staff must choose the most effective plan for each patient's situation. Monitoring patient sleep using non-wearable provides more objective data that can help staff better personalize nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Fukuda
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoko Higami
- Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kazue Shigenobu
- Asakayama General Hospital, Sakai, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Kanemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Miyae Yamakawa
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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