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Zhang S, Yu Y, Hu X, Bian Q, Wang D, Weng J, Liang J, Wei L, Jiang P, Luo H, Yang L, Yang J, Zhang Z. Design of OMC-Sagnac Loop Using PDMS and Different Package Structures to Improve Sensing Performance and Optimize the Ill-Conditioned Matrix. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4655. [PMID: 37430570 DOI: 10.3390/s23104655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In the process of ocean exploration, highly accurate and sensitive measurements of seawater temperature and pressure significantly impact the study of seawater's physical, chemical, and biological processes. In this paper, three different package structures, V-shape, square-shape, and semicircle-shape, are designed and fabricated, and an optical microfiber coupler combined Sagnac loop (OMCSL) is encapsulated in these structures with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Then, the temperature and pressure response characteristics of the OMCSL, under different package structures, are analyzed by simulation and experiment. The experimental results show that structural change hardly affects temperature sensitivity, and square-shape has the highest pressure sensitivity. In addition, with an input error of 1% F.S., temperature and pressure errors were calculated, which shows that a semicircle-shape structure can increase the angle between lines in the sensitivity matrix method (SMM), and reduce the effect of the input error, thus optimizing the ill-conditioned matrix. Finally, this paper shows that using the machine learning method (MLM) effectively improves demodulation accuracy. In conclusion, this paper proposes to optimize the ill-conditioned matrix problem in SMM demodulation by improving sensitivity with structural optimization, which essentially explains the cause of the large errors for multiparameter cross-sensitivity. In addition, this paper proposes to use the MLM to solve the problem of large errors in the SMM, which provides a new method to solve the problem of the ill-conditioned matrix in SMM demodulation. These have practical implications for engineering an all-optical sensor that can be used for detection in the ocean environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiaoyang Hu
- College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Dongying Wang
- College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Junjie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jianqiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Linyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Changsha Sensintel Information Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410201, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Changsha Sensintel Information Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410201, China
| | - Linfeng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junbo Yang
- College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Zhang M, Zhang L, Chen Q, Bai G, Li S. A Designed Twist Sensor Based on the SPR Effect in the Thin-Gold-Film-Coated Helical Microstructured Optical Fibers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5668. [PMID: 35957225 PMCID: PMC9371014 DOI: 10.3390/s22155668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The traditional optical fiber-based twist sensing has the disadvantage of low sensitivity and difficulty of distinguishing the twist direction. Moreover, chiral isomerism may lead to sensing errors. In this paper, a six-hole helical microstructured optical fiber (HMSF) with a thin-gold-film-coat based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect was designed. The twist sensing characteristics of this fiber were further analyzed. Numerical calculation and analysis show that the combination of helical effect and SPR effect can design an HMSF-based sensor that is very sensitive to distortion. In the torsion range of ±300°, the distortion sensitivity can reach 2470.7 pm/(rad/m), and the linear correlation coefficient is 0.99996. Based on the special sensing mechanism, it has a good linear coefficient over a large range. Additionally, the direction of the twist can be easily discerned. The HMSF in this work not only has high sensitivity, high linearity, high fault tolerance rate, and a wide range of measurement, but is also easy to manufacture. Therefore, it is promising in the field of twist sensing and has a good application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (M.Z.); (Q.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (M.Z.); (Q.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Ge Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (M.Z.); (Q.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Shuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (M.Z.); (Q.C.); (G.B.)
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