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Sevcikova V, Adamek M, Sebestikova R, Buresova I, Buran M, Adamkova A, Zvonkova M, Skowronkova N, Matyas J, Mlcek J. New Insights into the Comprehensive System of Thermodynamic Sensors and Electronic Nose and Its Practical Applications in Dough Fermentation Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:352. [PMID: 38257447 PMCID: PMC10818983 DOI: 10.3390/s24020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on an applicability of the device designed for monitoring dough fermentation. The device combines a complex system of thermodynamic sensors (TDSs) with an electronic nose (E-nose). The device's behavior was tested in experiments with dough samples. The configuration of the sensors in the thermodynamic system was explored and their response to various positions of the heat source was investigated. When the distance of the heat source and its intensity from two thermodynamic sensors changes, the output signal of the thermodynamic system changes as well. Thus, as the distance of the heat source decreases or the intensity increases, there is a higher change in the output signal of the system. The linear trend of this change reaches an R2 value of 0.936. Characteristics of the doughs prepared from traditional and non-traditional flours were successfully detected using the electronic nose. To validate findings, the results of the measurements were compared with signals from the rheofermentometer Rheo F4, and the correlation between the output signals was closely monitored. The data after statistical evaluation show that the measurements using thermodynamic sensors and electronic nose directly correlate the most with the measured values of the fermenting dough volume. Pearson's correlation coefficient for TDSs and rheofermentometer reaches up to 0.932. The E-nose signals also correlate well with dough volume development, up to 0.973. The data and their analysis provided by this study declare that the used system configuration and methods are fully usable for this type of food analysis and also could be usable in other types of food based on the controlled fermentation. The system configuration, based on the result, will be also used in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sevcikova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (A.A.); (M.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Martin Adamek
- Department of Automation and Control Engineering, Faculty of Applied Informatics, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nad Stranemi 4511, 760 05 Zlin, Czech Republic;
| | - Romana Sebestikova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Iva Buresova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Martin Buran
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Anna Adamkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (A.A.); (M.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Magdalena Zvonkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (A.A.); (M.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Nela Skowronkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (A.A.); (M.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Jiri Matyas
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (A.A.); (M.Z.); (N.S.)
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Adamek M, Zvonkova M, Buresova I, Buran M, Sevcikova V, Sebestikova R, Adamkova A, Skowronkova N, Mlcek J. Use of a Thermodynamic Sensor in Monitoring Fermentation Processes in Gluten-Free Dough Proofing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:534. [PMID: 36617133 PMCID: PMC9823817 DOI: 10.3390/s23010534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dough fermentation in gluten-free bakery products is problematic due to the absence of gluten, which provides advantageous rheological properties. A thermodynamic sensor (TDS) system combined with an electronic nose was tested as an alternative to conventional methods monitoring dough development based on mechanical properties. In the first part, the configuration of the sensors in the thermodynamic system and their response to different heat-source positions, which significantly affect the output signal from the measurement system, were investigated. The practical contribution lies in the application of the measurements to the example of gluten-free doughs with and without edible insect enrichment. An optimized configuration of the thermodynamic system (one sensor on the inner wall of the container at the bottom and another in the middle of the container closer to the top of the dough) in combination with an experimental electronic nose was used for the aforementioned measurement. In some cases, up to 87% correlation between the signal from the TDS and the signals from a professional rheofermentometer Rheo F-4 (Chopin) was demonstrated. The differences between the results can be explained by the use of different techniques. Using a combination of sensor systems in one place, one time and one sample can lead to more comprehensive and robust results. Furthermore, it was shown that the fermentation activity increased in corn dough with the addition of insects compared to dough without the addition. In rice flour dough with the addition of edible insects, fermentation activity was similar to that of the flour without the addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Adamek
- Department of Automation and Control Engineering, Faculty of Applied Informatics, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nad Stranemi 4511, 760 05 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Zvonkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Buresova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Buran
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Sevcikova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Sebestikova
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Adamkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Nela Skowronkova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavreckova 5669, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
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Aziz S, Ali J, Bhandari KS, Chen W, Li S, Jung DW. Reverse Offset Printed, Biocompatible Temperature Sensor Based on Dark Muscovado. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8726. [PMID: 36433321 PMCID: PMC9695939 DOI: 10.3390/s22228726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A reverse-offset printed temperature sensor based on interdigitated electrodes (IDTs) has been investigated in this study. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were printed on a glass slide in an IDT pattern by reverse-offset printer. The sensing layer consisted of a sucrose film obtained by spin coating the sucrose solution on the IDTs. The temperature sensor demonstrated a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) with an exponential decrease in resistance as the temperature increased. This trend is the characteristic of a NTC thermistor. There is an overall change of ~2800 kΩ for the temperature change of 0 °C to 100 °C. The thermistor is based on a unique temperature sensor using a naturally occurring biocompatible material, i.e., sucrose. The active sensing material of the thermistor, i.e., sucrose used in the experiments was obtained from extract of Muscovado. Our temperature sensor has potential in the biomedical and food industries where environmentally friendly and biocompatible materials are more suitable for sensing accurately and reliably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Aziz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si 63294, Korea
| | - Junaid Ali
- Optoelectronics Research Laboratory (OERL), Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Krishna Singh Bhandari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si 63294, Korea
| | - Wenning Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si 63294, Korea
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si 63294, Korea
| | - Dong Won Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju-si 63294, Korea
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