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Zanetti C, Li L, Gaspar RDL, Santovito E, Elisseeva S, Collins SG, Maguire AR, Papkovsky DB. Susceptibility of the Different Oxygen-Sensing Probes to Interferences in Respirometric Bacterial Assays with Complex Media. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:267. [PMID: 38203132 PMCID: PMC10781214 DOI: 10.3390/s24010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Respirometric microbial assays are gaining popularity, but their uptake is limited by the availability of optimal O2 sensing materials and the challenge of validating assays with complex real samples. We conducted a comparative evaluation of four different O2-sensing probes based on Pt-porphyrin phosphors in respirometric bacterial assays performed on standard time-resolved fluorescence reader. The macromolecular MitoXpress, nanoparticle NanO2 and small molecule PtGlc4 and PtPEG4 probes were assessed with E. coli cells in five growth media: nutrient broth (NB), McConkey (MC), Rapid Coliform ChromoSelect (RCC), M-Lauryl lauryl sulfate (MLS), and Minerals-Modified Glutamate (MMG) media. Respiration profiles of the cells were recorded and analyzed, along with densitometry profiles and quenching studies of individual media components. This revealed several limiting factors and interferences impacting assay performance, which include probe quenched lifetime, instrument temporal resolution, inner filter effects (mainly by indicator dyes), probe binding to lipophilic components, and dynamic and static quenching by media components. The study allowed for the ranking of the probes based on their ruggedness, resilience to interferences and overall performance in respirometric bacterial assays. The 'shielded' probe NanO2 outperformed the established MitoXpress probe and the small molecule probes PtGlc4 and PtPEG4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zanetti
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | | | - Elisa Santovito
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sophia Elisseeva
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Stuart G. Collins
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland; (S.G.C.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Anita R. Maguire
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland; (S.G.C.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Dmitri B. Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Pharmacy Building, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland; (C.Z.); (L.L.)
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Piccirillo S, Honigberg SM. Measuring effect of mutations & conditions on microbial respiratory rates. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 216:106864. [PMID: 38030085 PMCID: PMC10843655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular respiration is central to a wide range of cellular processes. In microorganisms, the effect of a mutation or an environmental condition on the rate of respiration is usually determined by measuring oxygen consumption in the media. We describe this method and discuss caveats and controls for the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Piccirillo
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, 5007 Rockhill Rd, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110-1299, United States of America
| | - Saul M Honigberg
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, 5007 Rockhill Rd, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110-1299, United States of America.
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Hałasa R, Turecka K, Smoktunowicz M, Mizerska U, Orlewska C. Application of tris-(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10 phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) Dichloride to Detection of Microorganisms in Pharmaceutical Products. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:856. [PMID: 37375803 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
tris-[(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)] dichloride (Ru(DPP)3Cl2), a fluorescent sensor which is sensitive to the amount of oxygen in the sample, was applied using the fluorescent optical respirometry (FOR) technique. The oxygen in the samples quenches the fluorescence. The fluorescence intensity depends on the metabolic rate of the viable microorganisms. The effect of DMSO and plant extracts on bacteria was determined by FOR. It was shown that the MIC values obtained by FOR were consistent with the results of the MIC determinations using the method of serial dilutions; at the same time, the effects of concentrations lower than the growth-inhibitory concentrations on microbial cells were demonstrated. The FOR method enables the detection of multiplying bacteria in sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical preparations in real time, which significantly shortens the time required to obtain results and allows the introduction of repair processes in the production. This method also allows for quick, unambiguous detection and the counting of the viable cells of aerobic microorganisms in non-sterile pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Hałasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Turecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Smoktunowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Urszula Mizerska
- Department of Polymeric Nano-Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Czesława Orlewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
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