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van der Linden M, Veldhoen ES, Arasteh E, Long X, Alderliesten T, de Goederen R, Dudink J. Noncontact respiration monitoring techniques in young children: A scoping review. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024. [PMID: 38661255 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders, or sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), cover a range of conditions, including obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, sleep-related hypoventilation disorders, and sleep-related hypoxemia disorder. Pediatric SDB is often underdiagnosed, potentially due to difficulties associated with performing the gold standard polysomnography in children. This scoping review aims to: (1) provide an overview of the studies reporting on safe, noncontact monitoring of respiration in young children, (2) describe the accuracy of these techniques, and (3) highlight their respective advantages and limitations. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for studies researching techniques in children <12 years old. Both quantitative data and the quality of the studies were analyzed. The evaluation of study quality was conducted using the QUADAS-2 tool. A total of 19 studies were included. Techniques could be grouped into bed-based methods, microwave radar, video, infrared (IR) cameras, and garment-embedded sensors. Most studies either measured respiratory rate (RR) or detected apneas; n = 2 aimed to do both. At present, bed-based approaches are at the forefront of research in noncontact RR monitoring in children, boasting the most sophisticated algorithms in this field. Yet, despite extensive studies, there remains no consensus on a definitive method that outperforms the rest. The accuracies reported by these studies tend to cluster within a similar range, indicating that no single technique has emerged as markedly superior. Notably, all identified methods demonstrate capability in detecting body movements and RR, with reported safety for use in children across the board. Further research into contactless alternatives should focus on cost-effectiveness, ease-of-use, and widespread availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein van der Linden
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther S Veldhoen
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center of Home Mechanical Ventilation, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emad Arasteh
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), STADIUS Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing and Data Analytics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xi Long
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Alderliesten
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robbin de Goederen
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dudink
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wang Y, Zhou J, Zha F, Zhou M, Li D, Zheng Q, Chen S, Yan S, Geng X, Long J, Wan L, Wang Y. Comparative analysis of sleep parameters and structures derived from wearable flexible electrode sleep patches and polysomnography in young adults. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:738-749. [PMID: 38383290 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00465.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for clinical sleep monitoring, but its cost, discomfort, and limited suitability for continuous use present challenges. The flexible electrode sleep patch (FESP) emerges as an economically viable and patient-friendly solution, offering lightweight, simple operation, and self-applicable. Nevertheless, its utilization in young individuals remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to compare sleep data obtained by FESP and PSG in healthy young individuals and analyze agreement for sleep parameters and structure classification. Overnight monitoring with FESP and PSG recordings in 48 participants (mean age: 23 yr) was done. Correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots, and Cohen's kappa coefficient assessed consistency. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values compared classification against PSG. FESP showed strong correlation and consistency with PSG for sleep monitoring. Bland-Altman plots indicated small errors and high consistency. Kappa values (0.70-0.84) suggested substantial agreement for sleep stage classification. Pearson correlation coefficient values for sleep stages (0.75-0.88) and sleep parameters (0.80-0.96) confirm that FESP has a strong application. Intraclass correlation coefficient yielded values between 0.65 and 0.97. In addition, FESP demonstrated an impressive accuracy range of 84.12-93.47% for sleep stage classification. The FESP also features a wearable self-test program with an error rate of no more than 8% for both deep sleep and wake. In young adults, FESP demonstrated reliable monitoring capabilities comparable to PSG. With its low cost and user-friendly design, FESP is a potential alternative for portable sleep assessment in clinical and research applications. Further studies involving larger populations are needed to validate its diagnostic potential.NEW & NOTEWORTHY By comparison with PSG, this study confirmed the reliability of an efficient, objective, low-cost, and noninvasive portable automatic sleep-monitoring device FESP, which provides effective information for long-term family sleep disorder diagnosis and sleep quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- Rehabilitation Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fubing Zha
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingchao Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongxia Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- College of Computer Science and Control Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shugeng Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuiping Yan
- Shenzhen Flexolink Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinling Geng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wan
- Shenzhen Flexolink Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Koshibu K. Editorial: Biomarkers of mental well-being continuum across life span: from excelling to crisis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1357630. [PMID: 38283843 PMCID: PMC10811540 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1357630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Koshibu
- Health, Nutrition and Care, DSM-Firmenich, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
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Ong JL, Baron KG. Contactless monitoring for the elderly: potential and pitfalls. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad227. [PMID: 37658741 PMCID: PMC10566232 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Lynn Ong
- Sleep and Cognition Laboratory, Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelly Glazer Baron
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UTUSA
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