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Zolghadrnasab M, Mousavi A, Farmany A, Arpanaei A. Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery into suspended plant cells using polyethyleneimine-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 73:105507. [PMID: 33756435 PMCID: PMC7994536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sonoporation, ultrasound-mediated membrane perforation can potentially puncture plasma membrane and rigid cell wall on presumably reversible basis which benefit gene transfection and plant biotechnology. Herein, positively charged poly-ethyleneimine (PEI)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with an average diameter of 100 ± 8.7 nm was synthesized for GUS-encoding plasmid delivery into the suspended tobacco cells using the ultrasound treatment. The overall potential of PEI-MSN for DNA adsorption was measured at 43.43 μg DNA mg-1 PEI-MSNs. It was shown that high level of sonoporation may adversely upset the cell viability. Optimal conditions of ultrasonic treatment are obtained as 8 min at 3 various intensities of 160, 320 and 640 W. Histochemical staining assay was used to follow the protein expression. It was shown that PEI-coated MSNs efficiently transfer the GUS-encoding plasmid DNA into the tobacco cells. The results of this study showed that ultrasonic treatment provides an economical and straightforward approach for gene transferring into the plant cells without any need to complicated devices and concerns about safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zolghadrnasab
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX 1417863171, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mousavi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX 1417863171, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ayyoob Arpanaei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P. O. BOX 1417863171, Tehran, Iran.
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Cheipesh TA, Kharchenko DV, Taranets YV, Rodik RV, Mchedlov-Petrossyan NO, Poberezhnyk MM, Kalchenko VI. Reaction rates in aqueous solutions of cationic colloidal surfactants and calixarenes: Acceleration and resolution of two steps of fluorescein diesters hydrolysis. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Courtial J, Hamama L, Helesbeux JJ, Lecomte M, Renaux Y, Guichard E, Voisine L, Yovanopoulos C, Hamon B, Ogé L, Richomme P, Briard M, Boureau T, Gagné S, Poupard P, Berruyer R. Aldaulactone - An Original Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolite Involved in the Aggressiveness of Alternaria dauci on Carrot. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:502. [PMID: 29774035 PMCID: PMC5943595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative plant resistance mechanisms and pathogen virulence have been extensively studied since the formulation of the gene-for-gene hypothesis. The mechanisms involved in the quantitative traits of aggressiveness and plant partial resistance are less well-known. Nevertheless, they are prevalent in most plant-necrotrophic pathogen interactions, including the Daucus carota-Alternaria dauci interaction. Phytotoxic metabolite production by the pathogen plays a key role in aggressiveness in these interactions. The aim of the present study was to explore the link between A. dauci aggressiveness and toxin production. We challenged carrot embryogenic cell cultures from a susceptible genotype (H1) and two partially resistant genotypes (I2 and K3) with exudates from A. dauci strains with various aggressiveness levels. Interestingly, A. dauci-resistant carrot genotypes were only affected by exudates from the most aggressive strain in our study (ITA002). Our results highlight a positive link between A. dauci aggressiveness and the fungal exudate cell toxicity. We hypothesize that the fungal exudate toxicity was linked with the amount of toxic compounds produced by the fungus. Interestingly, organic exudate production by the fungus was correlated with aggressiveness. Hence, we further analyzed the fungal organic extract using HPLC, and correlations between the observed peak intensities and fungal aggressiveness were measured. One observed peak was closely correlated with fungal aggressiveness. We succeeded in purifying this peak and NMR analysis revealed that the purified compound was a novel 10-membered benzenediol lactone, a polyketid that we named 'aldaulactone'. We used a new automated image analysis method and found that aldaulactone was toxic to in vitro cultured plant cells at those concentrations. The effects of both aldaulactone and fungal organic extracts were weaker on I2-resistant carrot cells compared to H1 carrot cells. Taken together, our results suggest that: (i) aldaulactone is a new phytotoxin, (ii) there is a relationship between the amount of aldaulactone produced and fungal aggressiveness, and (iii) carrot resistance to A. dauci involves mechanisms of resistance to aldaulactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Courtial
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Latifa Hamama
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Helesbeux
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Mickaël Lecomte
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Yann Renaux
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Esteban Guichard
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Linda Voisine
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Claire Yovanopoulos
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Bruno Hamon
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Laurent Ogé
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Mathilde Briard
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Tristan Boureau
- PHENOTIC Platform, IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Séverine Gagné
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Pascal Poupard
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Romain Berruyer
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Beaucouzé, France
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
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Petrek J, Zitka O, Adam V, Bartusek K, Anjum NA, Pereira E, Havel L, Kizek R. Are Early Somatic Embryos of the Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Organised? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144093. [PMID: 26624287 PMCID: PMC4666671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Somatic embryogenesis in conifer species has great potential for the forestry industry. Hence, a number of methods have been developed for their efficient and rapid propagation through somatic embryogenesis. Although information is available regarding the previous process-mediated generation of embryogenic cells to form somatic embryos, there is a dearth of information in the literature on the detailed structure of these clusters. Methodology/Principal Findings The main aim of this study was to provide a more detailed structure of the embryogenic tissue clusters obtained through the in vitro propagation of the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). We primarily focused on the growth of early somatic embryos (ESEs). The data on ESE growth suggested that there may be clear distinctions between their inner and outer regions. Therefore, we selected ESEs collected on the 56th day after sub-cultivation to dissect the homogeneity of the ESE clusters. Two colourimetric assays (acetocarmine and fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide staining) and one metabolic assay based on the use of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride uncovered large differences in the metabolic activity inside the cluster. Next, we performed nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The ESE cluster seemed to be compactly aggregated during the first four weeks of cultivation; thereafter, the difference between the 1H nuclei concentration in the inner and outer clusters was more evident. There were clear differences in the visual appearance of embryos from the outer and inner regions. Finally, a cluster was divided into six parts (three each from the inner and the outer regions of the embryo) to determine their growth and viability. The innermost embryos (centripetally towards the cluster centre) could grow after sub-cultivation but exhibited the slowest rate and required the longest time to reach the common growth rate. To confirm our hypothesis on the organisation of the ESE cluster, we investigated the effect of cluster orientation on the cultivation medium and the influence of the change of the cluster’s three-dimensional orientation on its development. Maintaining the same position when transferring ESEs into new cultivation medium seemed to be necessary because changes in the orientation significantly affected ESE growth. Conclusions and Significance This work illustrated the possible inner organisation of ESEs. The outer layer of ESEs is formed by individual somatic embryos with high metabolic activity (and with high demands for nutrients, oxygen and water), while an embryonal group is directed outside of the ESE cluster. Somatic embryos with depressed metabolic activity were localised in the inner regions, where these embryonic tissues probably have a very important transport function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Petrek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- Department of Plant Biology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Karel Bartusek
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 147, CZ-612 64, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Naser A. Anjum
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810–193, Aveiro, Portugal, European Union
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810–193, Aveiro, Portugal, European Union
| | - Ladislav Havel
- Department of Plant Biology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union
- * E-mail:
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Lecomte M, Hamama L, Voisine L, Gatto J, Hélesbeux JJ, Séraphin D, Peña-Rodriguez LM, Richomme P, Boedo C, Yovanopoulos C, Gyomlai M, Briard M, Simoneau P, Poupard P, Berruyer R. Partial resistance of carrot to Alternaria dauci correlates with in vitro cultured carrot cell resistance to fungal exudates. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101008. [PMID: 24983469 PMCID: PMC4077726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although different mechanisms have been proposed in the recent years, plant pathogen partial resistance is still poorly understood. Components of the chemical warfare, including the production of plant defense compounds and plant resistance to pathogen-produced toxins, are likely to play a role. Toxins are indeed recognized as important determinants of pathogenicity in necrotrophic fungi. Partial resistance based on quantitative resistance loci and linked to a pathogen-produced toxin has never been fully described. We tested this hypothesis using the Alternaria dauci-carrot pathosystem. Alternaria dauci, causing carrot leaf blight, is a necrotrophic fungus known to produce zinniol, a compound described as a non-host selective toxin. Embryogenic cellular cultures from carrot genotypes varying in resistance against A. dauci were confronted with zinniol at different concentrations or to fungal exudates (raw, organic or aqueous extracts). The plant response was analyzed through the measurement of cytoplasmic esterase activity, as a marker of cell viability, and the differentiation of somatic embryos in cellular cultures. A differential response to toxicity was demonstrated between susceptible and partially resistant genotypes, with a good correlation noted between the resistance to the fungus at the whole plant level and resistance at the cellular level to fungal exudates from raw and organic extracts. No toxic reaction of embryogenic cultures was observed after treatment with the aqueous extract or zinniol used at physiological concentration. Moreover, we did not detect zinniol in toxic fungal extracts by UHPLC analysis. These results suggest that strong phytotoxic compounds are present in the organic extract and remain to be characterized. Our results clearly show that carrot tolerance to A. dauci toxins is one component of its partial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Lecomte
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Linda Voisine
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Julia Gatto
- Université d'Angers, UPRES EA921SONAS, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | | | - Denis Séraphin
- Université d'Angers, UPRES EA921SONAS, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Luis M. Peña-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Université d'Angers, UPRES EA921SONAS, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Cora Boedo
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Claire Yovanopoulos
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Melvina Gyomlai
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Mathilde Briard
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Simoneau
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Poupard
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
| | - Romain Berruyer
- Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
- Université d'Angers, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
- INRA, UMR 1345 IRHS, Angers, France
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Krystofova O, Sochor J, Zitka O, Babula P, Kudrle V, Adam V, Kizek R. Effect of magnetic nanoparticles on tobacco BY-2 cell suspension culture. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2012; 10:47-71. [PMID: 23343980 PMCID: PMC3564130 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are structures whose exceptionality is based on their large surface, which is closely connected with reactivity and modification possibilities. Due to these properties nanomaterials are used in textile industry (antibacterial textiles with silver nanoparticles), electronics (high-resolution imaging, logical circuits on the molecular level) and medicine. Medicine represents one of the most important fields of application of nanomaterials. They are investigated in connection with targeted therapy (infectious diseases, malignant diseases) or imaging (contrast agents). Nanomaterials including nanoparticles have a great application potential in the targeted transport of pharmaceuticals. However, there are some negative properties of nanoparticles, which must be carefully solved, as hydrophobic properties leading to instability in aqueous environment, and especially their possible toxicity. Data about toxicity of nanomaterials are still scarce. Due to this fact, in this work we focused on studying of the effect of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) and modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on tobacco BY-2 plant cell suspension culture. We aimed at examining the effect of NPs and MNPs on growth, proteosynthesis - total protein content, thiols - reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, phytochelatins PC2-5, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and antioxidant activity of BY-2 cells. Whereas the effect of NPs and MNPs on growth of cell suspension culture was only moderate, significant changes were detected in all other biochemical parameters. Significant changes in protein content, phytochelatins levels and GST activity were observed in BY-2 cells treated with MNPs nanoparticles treatment. Changes were also clearly evident in the case of application of NPs. Our results demonstrate the ability of MNPs to negatively affect metabolism and induce biosynthesis of protective compounds in a plant cell model represented by BY-2 cell suspension culture. The obtained results are discussed, especially in connection with already published data. Possible mechanisms of NPs' and MNPs' toxicity are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Krystofova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (O.K.); (J.S.); (O.Z.); (V.A.)
- Karel Englis College, Sujanovo nam. 356/1, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (O.K.); (J.S.); (O.Z.); (V.A.)
- Karel Englis College, Sujanovo nam. 356/1, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (O.K.); (J.S.); (O.Z.); (V.A.)
- Karel Englis College, Sujanovo nam. 356/1, CZ-602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Kudrle
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (O.K.); (J.S.); (O.Z.); (V.A.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mails: (O.K.); (J.S.); (O.Z.); (V.A.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; E-Mail:
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Masarik M, Gumulec J, Hlavna M, Sztalmachova M, Babula P, Raudenska M, Pavkova-Goldbergova M, Cernei N, Sochor J, Zitka O, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Krizkova S, Adam V, Kizek R. Monitoring of the prostate tumour cells redox state and real-time proliferation by novel biophysical techniques and fluorescent staining. Integr Biol (Camb) 2012; 4:672-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ib00157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Marian Hlavna
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Sztalmachova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Monika Pavkova-Goldbergova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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8
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Zitka O, Krystofova O, Sobrova P, Adam V, Zehnalek J, Beklova M, Kizek R. Phytochelatin synthase activity as a marker of metal pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 192:794-800. [PMID: 21715087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of phytochelatins is catalyzed by γ-Glu-Cys dipeptidyl transpeptidase called phytochelatin synthase (PCS). Aim of this study was to suggest a new tool for determination of phytochelatin synthase activity in the tobacco BY-2 cells treated with different concentrations of the Cd(II). After the optimization steps, an experiment on BY-2 cells exposed to different concentrations of Cd(NO(3))(2) for 3 days was performed. At the end of the experiment, cells were harvested and homogenized. Reduced glutathione and cadmium (II) ions were added to the cell suspension supernatant. These mixtures were incubated at 35°C for 30min and analysed using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detector (HPLC-ED). The results revealed that PCS activity rises markedly with increasing concentration of cadmium (II) ions. The lowest concentration of the toxic metal ions caused almost three fold increase in PCS activity as compared to control samples. The activity of PCS (270fkat) in treated cells was more than seven times higher in comparison to control ones. K(m) for PCS was estimated as 2.3mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Huska D, Adam V, Babula P, Trnkova L, Hubalek J, Zehnalek J, Havel L, Kizek R. Microfluidic robotic device coupled with electrochemical sensor field for handling of paramagnetic micro-particles as a tool for determination of plant mRNA. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Krizkova S, Krystofova O, Trnkova L, Hubalek J, Adam V, Beklova M, Horna A, Havel L, Kizek R. Silver(I) ions ultrasensitive detection at carbon electrodes-analysis of waters, tobacco cells and fish tissues. SENSORS 2009; 9:6934-50. [PMID: 22399980 PMCID: PMC3290483 DOI: 10.3390/s90906934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We used carbon paste electrodes and a standard potentiostat to detect silver ions. The detection limit (3 Signal/Noise ratio) was estimated as 0.5 μM. A standard electrochemical instrument microanalysis of silver(I) ions was suggested. As a working electrode a carbon tip (1 mL) or carbon pencil was used. Limits of detection estimated by dilution of a standard were 1 (carbon tip) or 10 nM (carbon pencil). Further we employed flow injection analysis coupled with carbon tip to detect silver(I) ions released in various beverages and mineral waters. During first, second and third week the amount of silver(I) ions releasing into water samples was under the detection limit of the technique used for their quantification. At the end of a thirteen weeks long experiment the content of silver(I) ions was several times higher compared to the beginning of release detected in the third week and was on the order of tens of nanomoles. In subsequent experiments the influence of silver(I) ions (0, 5 and 10 μM) on a plant model system (tobacco BY-2 cells) during a four-day exposition was investigated. Silver(I) ions were highly toxic to the cells, which was revealed by a double staining viability assay. Moreover we investigated the effect of silver(I) ions (0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.5 μM) on guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Content of Ag(I) increased with increasing time of the treatment and applied concentrations in fish tissues. It can be concluded that a carbon tip or carbon pencil coupled with a miniaturized potentiostat can be used for detection of silver(I) ions in environmental samples and thus represents a small, portable, low cost and easy-to-use instrument for such purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Krystofova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libuse Trnkova
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Centre for Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Hubalek
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Udolni 53, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Beklova
- Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Horna
- Tomas Bata University, T.G. Masaryka 275, CZ-762 72 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Havel
- Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
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Sunflower Plants as Bioindicators of Environmental Pollution with Lead (II) Ions. SENSORS 2009; 9:5040-58. [PMID: 22346686 PMCID: PMC3274165 DOI: 10.3390/s90705040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of lead (II) ions on sunflower growth and biochemistry was investigated from various points of view. Sunflower plants were treated with 0, 10, 50, 100 and/or 500 μM Pb-EDTA for eight days. We observed alterations in growth in all experimental groups compared with non-treated control plants. Further we determined total content of proteins by a Bradford protein assay. By the eighth day of the experiment, total protein contents in all treated plants were much lower compared to control. Particularly noticeable was the loss of approx. 8 μg/mL or 15 μg/mL in shoots or roots of plants treated with 100 mM Pb-EDTA. We also focused our attention on the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and urease. Activity of the enzymes increased with increasing length of the treatment and applied concentration of lead (II) ions. This increase corresponds well with a higher metabolic activity of treated plants. Contents of cysteine, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and phytochelatin 2 (PC2) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Cysteine content declined in roots of plants with the increasing time of treatment of plants with Pb-EDTA and the concentration of toxic substance. Moreover, we observed ten times higher content of cysteine in roots in comparison with shoots. The observed reduction of cysteine content probably relates with its utilization for biosynthesis of GSH and phytochelatins, because the content of GSH and PC2 was similar in roots and shoots and increased with increased treatment time and concentration of Pb-EDTA. Moreover, we observed oxidative stress caused by Pb-EDTA in roots where the GSSG/GSH ratio was about 0.66. In shoots, the oxidative stress was less distinctive, with a GSSG/GSH ratio 0.14. We also estimated the rate of phytochelatin biosynthesis from the slope of linear equations plotted with data measured in the particular experimental group. The highest rate was detected in roots treated with 100 μM of Pb-EDTA. To determine heavy metal ions many analytical instruments can be used, however, most of them are only able to quantify total content of the metals. This problem can be overcome using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, because it is able to provide a high spatial-distribution of metal ions in different types of materials, including plant tissues. Data obtained were used to assemble 3D maps of Pb and Mg distribution. Distribution of these elements is concentrated around main vascular bundle of leaf, which means around midrib.
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Amperometric Sensor for Detection of Chloride Ions. SENSORS 2008; 8:5619-5636. [PMID: 27873832 PMCID: PMC3705522 DOI: 10.3390/s8095619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chloride ion sensing is important in many fields such as clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and industrial applications. We have measured chloride ions at a carbon paste electrode (CPE) and at a CPE modified with solid AgNO3, a solution of AgNO3 and/or solid silver particles. Detection limits (3 S/N) for chloride ions were 100 μM, 100 μM and 10 μM for solid AgNO3, solution of AgNO3 and/or solid silver particles, respectively. The CPE modified with silver particles is the most sensitive to the presence chloride ions. After that we approached to the miniaturization of the whole electrochemical instrument. Measurements were carried out on miniaturized instrument consisting of a potentiostat with dimensions 35 × 166 × 125 mm, screen printed electrodes, a peristaltic pump and a PC with control software. Under the most suitable experimental conditions (Britton-Robinson buffer, pH 1.8 and working electrode potential 550 mV) we estimated the limit of detection (3 S/N) as 500 nM.
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Amperometric Biosensors for Real Time Assays of Organophosphates. SENSORS 2008; 8:5303-5312. [PMID: 27873815 PMCID: PMC3705505 DOI: 10.3390/s8095303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized in gelatin was used to develop an assay for the organophosphate paraoxon. The more traditional manner employing preincubation was used for comparison between measurement procedures, although the aim of the study was to examine the performance of the biosensor for real time monitoring of organophosphates. The biosensor was immersed in a reaction chamber and paraoxon was injected inside. We were able to detect 200 pg of paraoxon within one minute or 2.5 ppb when the biosensor was preincubed in the sample solution for 15 minutes. The practical impact and expectations are discussed.
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Fabrik I, Krizkova S, Huska D, Adam V, Hubalek J, Trnkova L, Eckschlager T, Kukacka J, Prusa R, Kizek R. Employment of Electrochemical Techniques for Metallothionein Determination in Tumor Cell Lines and Patients with a Tumor Disease. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Pohanka M, Treml F, Hubálek M, Banďouchová H, Beklová M, Pikula J. Piezoelectric Biosensor for a Simple Serological Diagnosis of Tularemia in Infected European Brown Hares (Lepus europaeus). SENSORS 2007; 7:2825-2834. [PMID: 28903263 PMCID: PMC3965236 DOI: 10.3390/s7112825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Piezoelectric biosensor was used for diagnosis of infection by Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in European brown hares. Two kinds of experiments were performed in this study. First, sera from experimentally infected European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) were assayed by piezoelectric biosensor and the seventh day post infection was found as the first one when statistically significant diagnosis of tularemia was possible; all other sera collected from hares later than on day 7 following the infection were found tularemia positive. Typing to classify the field strain of F. tularensis used for the experimental infection was confirmed by proteome study. Second, sera from 35 European brown hare specimens sampled at hunting grounds and tested as tularemia positive by slow agglutination allowed diagnosis of tularemia by the piezoelectric biosensor. All these sera of naturally infected hares were found as tularemia positive, too. Efficacy of the piezoelectric biosensor for the serological diagnosis of tularemia is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pohanka
- Center of Biological Defense, Tě chonín, Czech Republic. E-mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - František Treml
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Epizootiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
| | - Martin Hubálek
- Institute of Molecular Pathology, University of Defence, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. E-mail:
| | - Hana Banďouchová
- Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
| | - Miroslava Beklová
- Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
| | - Jiří Pikula
- Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
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Utilizing of Square Wave Voltammetry to Detect Flavonoids in the Presence of Human Urine. SENSORS 2007; 7:2402-2418. [PMID: 28903234 PMCID: PMC3864529 DOI: 10.3390/s7102402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
About biological affecting of flavonoids on animal organisms is known less, thus we selected flavonoids, flavanones and flavones, and their glycosides, which were examined as potential inducers of cytochrome(s) P450 when administrated by gavages into experimental male rats. The study was focused on induction of CYP1A1, the major cytochrome P450 involved in carcinogen activation. The data obtained demonstrate the necessity of taking into account not only ability of flavonoids to bind to Ah receptor (induction factor) but also to concentrate on their distribution and metabolism (including colon microflora) in the body. After that we examined certain flavonoids as potential inducers of cytochrome P450, we wanted to suggest and optimize suitable electrochemical technique for determination of selected flavonoids (quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, chrysin and diosmin) in body liquids. For these purposes, we selected square wave voltannetry using carbon paste electrode. Primarily we aimed on investigation of their basic electrochemical behaviour. After that we have optimized frequency, step potential and supporting electrolyte. Based on the results obtained, we selected the most suitable conditions for determination of the flavonoids as follows: frequency 180 Hz, step potential 1.95 mV/s and phosphate buffer of pH 7 as supporting electrolyte. Detection limits (3 S/N) of the flavonoids were from units to tens of nM except diosmin, where the limit were higher than μM. In addition, we attempted to suggest a sensor for analysis of flavonoids in urine. It clearly follows from the results obtained that flavonoids can be analysed in the presence of animal urine, because urine did not influence much the signals of flavonoids (recoveries of the signals were about 90 %).
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Hazards of Secondary Bromadiolone Intoxications Evaluated using High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection. SENSORS 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/s7071271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Multi-instrumental Investigation of Affecting of Early Somatic Embryos of Spruce by Cadmium(II) and Lead(II) Ions. SENSORS 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/s7050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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