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Tsaftari VC, Tarara M, Tzanavaras PD, Tsogas GZ. A Novel Equipment-Free Paper-Based Fluorometric Method for the Analytical Determination of Quinine in Soft Drink Samples. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115153. [PMID: 37299880 DOI: 10.3390/s23115153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple, equipment-free, direct fluorometric method, employing paper-based analytical devices (PADs) as sensors, for the selective determination of quinine (QN) is described herein. The suggested analytical method exploits the fluorescence emission of QN without any chemical reaction after the appropriate pH adjustment with nitric acid, at room temperature, on the surface of a paper device with the application of a UV lamp at 365 nm. The devices crafted had a low cost and were manufactured with chromatographic paper and wax barriers, and the analytical protocol followed was extremely easy for the analyst and required no laboratory instrumentation. According to the methodology, the user must place the sample on the detection area of the paper and read with a smartphone the fluorescence emitted by the QN molecules. Many chemical parameters were optimized, and a study of interfering ions present in soft drink samples was carried out. Additionally, the chemical stability of these paper devices was considered in various maintenance conditions with good results. The detection limit calculated as 3.3 S/N was 3.6 mg L-1, and the precision of the method was satisfactory, being from 3.1% (intra-day) to 8.8% (inter-day). Soft drink samples were successfully analyzed and compared with a fluorescence method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki C Tsaftari
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Tarara
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Z Tsogas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Ahmed K, Muhammad A, Mohammed Y, Masood AS, Samar A. Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Method for Nalbuphine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Chloride-diperiodatocuprate(III) Reaction. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Moazzam M, Asghar M, Yaqoob M, Ali S, Nabi A. Flow injection-chemiluminescence determination of cetirizine dihydrochloride in pharmaceuticals using tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II)-Ag(III) complex reaction. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 36:674-683. [PMID: 33179404 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive flow injection-chemiluminescence (FI-CL) method was developed for determination of cetirizine dihydrochloride (CTZH) in pharmaceuticals. The method is primarily based on the enhancement effect of CTZH on the tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II)-diperiodatoargentate (III) ([Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ -Ag(III) complex) CL system in an acidic medium. The optimum investigated variables of the CL reaction were: [Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ , 50 × 10-6 mol/L; sulfuric acid, 1.0 × 10-3 mol/L; Ag(III) complex, 100 × 10-6 mol/L; potassium hydroxide, 1.0 × 10-3 mol/L; flow rate, 3.0 ml/min and sample loop volume, 300 μl. The detection and quantification limits were 2.0 × 10-4 and 5.0 × 10-4 mg/L (S/N of 3 and 10) respectively with a linear calibration range of 5.0 × 10-4 to 7.5 mg/L (R2 = 0.9999, n = 11), injection throughput of 110/h and the relative standard deviations of 1.5-3.5% over the range studied. The methodology was successfully applied to determine CTZH in different pharmaceutical samples and validated with a high-performance liquid chromatography method, and resulted in the recovery of 94.6-108.6%. The probable CL reaction mechanism is described in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Moazzam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Sariab Road, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Sariab Road, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Sariab Road, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Samar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Sariab Road, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Sariab Road, Quetta, Pakistan
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Timofeeva II, Vakh CS, Bulatov AV, Worsfold PJ. Flow analysis with chemiluminescence detection: Recent advances and applications. Talanta 2017; 179:246-270. [PMID: 29310229 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This article highlights the most important developments in flow analysis with chemiluminescence (CL) detection, describing different flow systems that are compatible with CL detection, detector designs, commonly applied CL reactions and approaches to sample treatment. Recent applications of flow analysis with CL detection (focusing on outputs published since 2010) are also presented. Applications are classified by sample matrix, covering foods and beverages, environmental matrices, pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. Comprehensive tables are provided for each area, listing the specific sample matrix, CL reaction used, linear range, limit of detection and sample treatment for each analyte. Finally, recent and emerging trends in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Timofeeva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Christina S Vakh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey V Bulatov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Paul J Worsfold
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences and Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
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Hasanin THA, Yamamoto T, Okamoto Y, Ishizaka S, Fujiwara T. A Flow Method for Chemiluminescence Determination of Antimony(III) and Antimony(V) Using a Rhodamine B-Cetyltrimethylammonium Chloride Reversed Micelle System Following On-Line Extraction. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:245-50. [PMID: 26860574 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive flow method, based on the combination of on-line solvent extraction with reversed micellar mediated chemiluminescence (CL) detection using rhodamine B (RB), was developed for the determination of antimony(III) and antimony(V) in aqueous samples. The on-line extraction procedure involved ion-pair formation of the antimony(V) chloro-complex anion with the protonated RBH(+) ion and its extraction from an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution into toluene, followed by phase separation using a microporous membrane. When in a flow cell of a detector, the ion-pair in the extract driven was mixed with the reversed micellar solution of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride in 1-hexanol-cyclohexane/water (0.60 mol dm(-3) H2SO4) containing cerium(IV), its uptake by the reversed micelles and the subsequent CL oxidation of RB with Ce(IV) occurred easily, then the produced CL signal was measured. Using the proposed flow method under the optimized experimental conditions, a detection limit (DL) of 0.35 μmol dm(-3) and a linear calibration graph with a dynamic range from DL to 16 μmol dm(-3) were obtained for Sb(V) with a precision of 1.4% relative standard deviation (n = 5) at the Sb(V) concentration of 8.2 μmol dm(-3). The present method was successfully applied to the determination of Sb(V) in water samples and to the differential determination of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in copper electrolyte industrial samples, where total antimony Sb(III) + Sb(V) was determined after oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) with Ce(IV) and Sb(III) was calculated by difference, for which the DL was almost the same as that for Sb(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer H A Hasanin
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University
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Sasaki MK, Ribeiro DSM, Frigerio C, Prior JAV, Santos JLM, Zagatto EAG. Chemiluminometric determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical formulations exploiting photo-activation of GSH-capped CdTe quantum dots. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 29:901-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. K. Sasaki
- NAPTISA/Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture; University of Sao Paulo; Piracicaba Brazil
| | - D. S. M. Ribeiro
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - C. Frigerio
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - J. A. V. Prior
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - J. L. M. Santos
- REQUIMTE/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - E. A. G. Zagatto
- NAPTISA/Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture; University of Sao Paulo; Piracicaba Brazil
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NAGAI M, MIYAHARA W, SAGAWA H, YAMAZAKI S, SAITO K. Chemiluminescence Detection of Glucose Using Ce(IV) Oxidation in a Batch System. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:21-4. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi NAGAI
- Separation Science Division, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science
| | - Wakayo MIYAHARA
- Separation Science Division, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science
| | - Honami SAGAWA
- Separation Science Division, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science
| | - Shigeo YAMAZAKI
- Separation Science Division, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science
| | - Keiitsu SAITO
- Division of Natural Environment and Chemistry, Faculty of Human Development, Kobe University
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Jonnalagadda SB, Pare B. Recent Trends in Kinetics in Analytical Chemistry and Kinetic Method for Determination of Ruthenium (III) Using Aniline Blue-Acidic Chlorite Reaction. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.539726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Arida H, Turek M, Rolka D, Schöning M. A Novel Thin-Film Copper Array Based on an Organic/Inorganic Sensor Hybrid: Microfabrication, Potentiometric Characterization, and Flow-Injection Analysis Application. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Determination of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrochemical Detection. SENSORS 2008; 8:7097-7112. [PMID: 27873917 PMCID: PMC3787433 DOI: 10.3390/s8117097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, ascorbate, AA) is a water soluble organic compound that participates in many biological processes. The main aim of this paper was to utilize two electrochemical detectors (amperometric - Coulouchem III and coulometric - CoulArray) coupled with flow injection analysis for the detection of ascorbic acid. Primarily, we optimized the experimental conditions. The optimized conditions were as follows: detector potential 100 mV, temperature 25 °C, mobile phase 0.09% TFA:ACN, 3:97 (v/v) and flow rate 0.13 mL·min-1. The tangents of the calibration curves were 0.3788 for the coulometric method and 0.0136 for the amperometric one. The tangent of the calibration curve measured by the coulometric detector was almost 30 times higher than the tangent measured by the amperometric detector. Consequently, we coupled a CoulArray electrochemical detector with high performance liquid chromatography and estimated the detection limit for AA as 90 nM (450 fmol per 5 μL injection). The method was used for the determination of vitamin C in a pharmaceutical preparations (98 ± 2 mg per tablet), in oranges (Citrus aurantium) (varied from 30 to 56 mg/100 g fresh weight), in apples (Malus sp.) (varied from 11 to 19 mg/100 g fresh weight), and in human blood serum (varied from 38 to 78 μM). The recoveries were also determined.
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