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Wang Y, Wang G, Sun J, Song C, Lin S, Sun S, Hu Z, Wang X, Sun X. The impact of extreme precipitation on water use efficiency along vertical vegetation belts in Hengduan Mountain during 2001 and 2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 943:173638. [PMID: 38825202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
In the context of climate change, extreme precipitation events are continuously increasing and impact the water‑carbon coupling of ecosystems. The vertical vegetation zonation, as a characteristic of mountain ecosystems, reflects the differences in vegetation response to climate change at different elevations. In this study, we used the water use efficiency (WUE) as an indicator to evaluate the water‑carbon relationship. By using MODIS data, we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), and WUE from 2001 to 2020, as well as the responses of WUE to extreme wetness factor Number of precipitation days (R0.1), extreme dryness factor Consecutive dry days (CDD), and meteorological factors under the vertical vegetation zonation. Our results showed that annual GPP and ET displayed a significant increasing trend between 2001 and 2020, whereas WUE showed a weak decreasing trend. Spatially, GPP and WUE decreased with increasing elevation. Analyzing the WUE of mountainous ecosystems as a unified whole may not precisely capture the reactions of vegetation to severe rainfall occurrences. In fact, across different vegetation belts in mountainous areas, there exists a negative correlation between WUE and R0.1, and a positive correlation with CDD. In terms of meteorological factors, the temporal variation of GPP was primarily associated with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and temperature (Ta), while those of ET was mainly related to soil water content (SWC). WUE was affected by a combination of meteorological factors and had a certain degree of variation between different altitude intervals. These findings contribute to a better understanding and prediction of the relationship between extreme rainfall climate and water‑carbon coupling in mountainous areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Genxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Juying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chunlin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shouqin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Yan J, Hu X, Qian L, Fu X, Wang L. Tidal organic input restricts CO 2 sequestration capacity of estuarine wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:63580-63591. [PMID: 37055687 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The inland and estuary wetlands that characterized by different natural environment perform distinctly in soil carbon (C) sink. It was deemed that estuary wetland has a higher organic C accumulation rate than inland wetland, due to its higher primary production and tidal organics input, thus having higher organic C sink capacity. While from CO2 budge in view, whether does the large organic input from tide restrict CO2 sequestration capacity of estuary wetland has not been discussed comparing with inland wetland. In this study, inland and estuary wetlands were selected to study the potential of CO2 sequestration capacity. It was found that inland wetland had most of soil organic carbon (SOC) derived from plant C, which brought remarkable organic C content and nourished higher microbial biomass, dehydrogenase, and β_glucosidase than estuary wetland. The estuary wetland instead accumulated less SOC, a considerable proportion of which came from tidal waters, therefore supporting lower microbial biomass and enzyme activities than that in inland wetland. However, estuary wetland was evaluated having higher capability in SOC mineralization than inland wetland in consideration of soil respiration (SR) and SR quotient. It was concluded that tidal organic C accelerated the SOC mineralization in estuarine wetland, thus weakening the CO2 sequestration. These results implied the importance of pollution control for reservation CO2 sink function in estuarine wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Yan
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Xin Hu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Security, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Liwei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Yang A, Kang X, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang K, Kang E, Yan Z, Li M, Wang X, Niu Y, Yan L. Alpine wetland degradation reduces carbon sequestration in the Zoige Plateau, China. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.980441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpine wetland plays an important role in the global carbon balance but are experiencing severe degradation under climate change and human activities. With the aim to clarify the effect of alpine wetland degradation on carbon fluxes (including net ecosystem CO2 exchange, NEE; ecosystem respiration, ER; gross ecosystem productivity, GEP, and CH4 flux), we investigated 12 sites and measured carbon fluxes using the static chamber method in the Zoige alpine wetland during August 2018, including undegraded wetland (UD), lightly degraded wetland (LD), moderately degraded wetland (MD), and severely degraded wetland (SD). The results showed that carbon sink strengths differ among the Zoige wetlands with different degradation stages during the growing season. From UD to LD, the rate of carbon sequestration (mean value of NEE) increased by 25.70%; however, from LD to SD, it decreased by 81.67%. Wetland degradation significantly reduced soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN). NEE was significantly correlated with MBC and MBN, while ER was positively correlated with ST but negatively correlated with SOC (P < 0.01). Among all measured environmental factors, GEP was positively correlated with pH (P < 0.01), while CH4 flux was most closely correlated with SOC, SWC, MBC, MBN, and ST (P < 0.001), and was also affected by pH and NO3– content (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the capacity of carbon sequestration in the Zoige wetlands reduced with intensification of the degradation. This study provides a reference for sustainably managing and utilizing degraded wetlands under climate change.
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Yao H, Peng H, Hong B, Guo Q, Ding H, Hong Y, Zhu Y, Cai C, Chi J. Environmental Controls on Multi-Scale Dynamics of Net Carbon Dioxide Exchange From an Alpine Peatland on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:791343. [PMID: 35069648 PMCID: PMC8767066 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.791343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are characterized by their large carbon storage capacity and play an essential role in the global carbon cycle. However, the future of the carbon stored in peatland ecosystems under a changing climate remains unclear. In this study, based on the eddy covariance technique, we investigated the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and its controlling factors of the Hongyuan peatland, which is a part of the Ruoergai peatland on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Our results show that the Hongyuan alpine peatland was a CO2 sink with an annual NEE of -226.61 and -185.35 g C m-2 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. While, the non-growing season NEE was 53.35 and 75.08 g C m-2 in 2014 and 2015, suggesting that non-growing seasons carbon emissions should not be neglected. Clear diurnal variation in NEE was observed during the observation period, with the maximum CO2 uptake appearing at 12:30 (Beijing time, UTC+8). The Q10 value of the non-growing season in 2014 and 2015 was significantly higher than that in the growing season, which suggested that the CO2 flux in the non-growing season was more sensitive to warming than that in the growing season. We investigated the multi-scale temporal variations in NEE during the growing season using wavelet analysis. On daily timescales, photosynthetically active radiation was the primary driver of NEE. Seasonal variation in NEE was mainly driven by soil temperature. The amount of precipitation was more responsible for annual variation of NEE. The increasing number of precipitation event was associated with increasing annual carbon uptake. This study highlights the need for continuous eddy covariance measurements and time series analysis approaches to deepen our understanding of the temporal variability in NEE and multi-scale correlation between NEE and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Bayinbuluk Alpine Wetland Carbon Flux Research Station, Chinese Flux Observation and Research Network, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Bayinbuluk Alpine Wetland Carbon Flux Research Station, Chinese Flux Observation and Research Network, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, China
| | - Bing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Bayinbuluk Alpine Wetland Carbon Flux Research Station, Chinese Flux Observation and Research Network, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, China
| | - Qian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Bayinbuluk Alpine Wetland Carbon Flux Research Station, Chinese Flux Observation and Research Network, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Bayinbuluk Alpine Wetland Carbon Flux Research Station, Chinese Flux Observation and Research Network, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yetang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongxuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinshu Chi
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
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Yan Z, Kang E, Zhang K, Li Y, Hao Y, Wu H, Li M, Zhang X, Wang J, Yan L, Kang X. Plant and Soil Enzyme Activities Regulate CO 2 Efflux in Alpine Peatlands After 5 Years of Simulated Extreme Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:756956. [PMID: 34721486 PMCID: PMC8551637 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.756956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been given to the impact of extreme drought stress on ecosystem ecological processes. Ecosystem respiration (Re) and soil respiration (Rs) play a significant role in the regulation of the carbon (C) balance because they are two of the largest terrestrial C fluxes in the atmosphere. However, the responses of Re and Rs to extreme drought in alpine regions are still unclear, particularly with respect to the driver mechanism in plant and soil extracellular enzyme activities. In this study, we imposed three periods of extreme drought events based on field experiments on an alpine peatland: (1) early drought, in which the early stage of plant growth occurred from June 18 to July 20; (2) midterm drought, in which the peak growth period occurred from July 20 to August 23; and (3) late drought, in which the wilting period of plants occurred from August 23 to September 25. After 5 years of continuous extreme drought events, Re exhibited a consistent decreasing trend under the three periods of extreme drought, while Rs exhibited a non-significant decreasing trend in the early and midterm drought but increased significantly by 58.48% (p < 0.05) during the late drought compared with the ambient control. Plant coverage significantly increased by 79.3% (p < 0.05) in the early drought, and standing biomass significantly decreased by 18.33% (p < 0.05) in the midterm drought. Alkaline phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase increased significantly by 76.46, 77.66, and 109.60% (p < 0.05), respectively, under late drought. Structural equation models demonstrated that soil water content (SWC), pH, plant coverage, plant standing biomass, soil β-D-cellobiosidase, and β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase were crucial impact factors that eventually led to a decreasing trend in Re, and SWC, pH, β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-xylosidase (BX), polyphenol oxidase, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and dissolved organic carbon were crucial impact factors that resulted in changes in Rs. Our results emphasize the key roles of plant and soil extracellular enzyme activities in regulating the different responses of Re and Rs under extreme drought events occurring at different plant growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Enze Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Kerou Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Yong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Yanbin Hao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Information Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
| | - Xiaoming Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Zoige, China
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Wu H, Yan L, Li Y, Zhang K, Hao Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Yan Z, Zhang Y, Kang X. Drought-induced reduction in methane fluxes and its hydrothermal sensitivity in alpine peatland. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8874. [PMID: 32274271 PMCID: PMC7130112 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate estimation of CH4 fluxes in alpine peatland of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau under extreme drought is vital for understanding the global carbon cycle and predicting future climate change. However, studies on the impacts of extreme drought on peatland CH4 fluxes are limited. To study the effects of extreme drought on CH4 fluxes of the Zoige alpine peatland ecosystem, the CH4 fluxes during both extreme drought treatment (D) and control treatment (CK) were monitored using a static enclosed chamber in a control platform of extreme drought. The results showed that extreme drought significantly decreased CH4 fluxes in the Zoige alpine peatland by 31.54% (P < 0.05). Extreme drought significantly reduced the soil water content (SWC) (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on soil temperature (Ts). Under extreme drought and control treatments, there was a significant negative correlation between CH4 fluxes and environmental factors (Ts and SWC), except Ts, at a depth of 5cm (P < 0.05). Extreme drought reduced the correlation between CH4 fluxes and environmental factors and significantly weakened the sensitivity of CH4 fluxes to SWC (P < 0.01). Moreover, it was found that the correlation between subsoil (20 cm) environmental factors and CH4 fluxes was higher than with the topsoil (5, 10 cm) environmental factors under the control and extreme drought treatments. These results provide a better understanding of the extreme drought effects on CH4 fluxes of alpine peatland, and their hydrothermal impact factors, which provides a reliable reference for peatland protection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wu
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Kerou Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Yanbin Hao
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Zhongqing Yan
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Kang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, China
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