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Gatasheh MK, Shah AA, Kaleem M, Usman S, Shaffique S. Application of CuNPs and AMF alleviates arsenic stress by encompassing reduced arsenic uptake through metabolomics and ionomics alterations in Elymus sibiricus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:667. [PMID: 38997682 PMCID: PMC11245830 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have exhibited a very promising role of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) assisted plants to trigger their defense mechanism against abiotic stresses. Arsenic (As) is a non-essential and injurious heavy-metal contaminant. Current research work was designed to elucidate role of CuNPs (100, 200 and 300 mM) and a commercial inoculum of Glomus species (Clonex® Root Maximizer) either alone or in combination (CuNPs + Clonex) on physiology, growth, and stress alleviation mechanisms of E. sibiricus growing in As spiked soils (0, 50, and 100 mg Kg- 1 soil). Arsenic induced oxidative stress, enhanced biosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation and methylglyoxal (MG) in E. sibiricus. Moreover, As-phytotoxicity reduced photosynthetic activities and growth of plants. Results showed that individual and combined treatments, CuNPs (100 mM) as well as soil inoculation of AMF significantly enhanced root growth and shoot growth by declining As content in root tissues and shoot tissues in As polluted soils. E. sibiricus plants treated with CuNPs (100 mM) and/or AMF alleviated As induced phytotoxicity through upregulating the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) besides the biosynthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants including phytochelatin (PC) and glutathione (GSH). In brief, supplementation of CuNPs (100 mM) alone or in combination with AMF reduced As uptake and alleviated the As-phytotoxicity in E. sibiricus by inducing stress tolerance mechanism resulting in the improvement of the plant growth parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeraz Usman
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Shifa Shaffique
- College of Agriculture & Life Science, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41566, Korea
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2
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Balconi C, Galaretto A, Malvar RA, Nicolas SD, Redaelli R, Andjelkovic V, Revilla P, Bauland C, Gouesnard B, Butron A, Torri A, Barata AM, Kravic N, Combes V, Mendes-Moreira P, Murariu D, Šarčević H, Schierscher-Viret B, Vincent M, Zanetto A, Kessel B, Madur D, Mary-Huard T, Pereira A, Placinta DD, Strigens A, Charcosset A, Goritschnig S. Genetic and Phenotypic Evaluation of European Maize Landraces as a Tool for Conservation and Valorization of Agrobiodiversity. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:454. [PMID: 38927334 PMCID: PMC11201045 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The ECPGR European Evaluation Network (EVA) for Maize involves genebanks, research institutions, and private breeding companies from nine countries focusing on the valorization of maize genetic resources across Europe. This study describes a diverse collection of 626 local landraces and traditional varieties of maize (Zea mays L.) from nine European genebanks, including criteria for selection of the collection and its genetic and phenotypic diversity. High-throughput pool genotyping grouped the landraces into nine genetic groups with a threshold of 0.6 admixture, while 277 accessions were designated admixed and likely to have resulted from previous breeding activities. The grouping correlated well with the geographic origins of the collection, also reflecting the various pathways of introduction of maize to Europe. Phenotypic evaluations of 588 accessions for flowering time and plant architecture in multilocation trials over three years confirmed the great diversity within the collection, although phenotypic clusters only partially correlated with the genetic grouping. The EVA approach promotes conservation of genetic resources and opens an opportunity to increase genetic variability for developing improved varieties and populations for farmers, with better adaptation to specific environments and greater tolerance to various stresses. As such, the EVA maize collection provides valuable sources of diversity for facing climate change due to the varieties' local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Balconi
- CREA—Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via Stezzano 24, 24126 Bergamo, Italy; (R.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Agustin Galaretto
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Pazo de Salcedo Carballeira, 8 Salcedo, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain; (R.A.M.)
| | - Stéphane D. Nicolas
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Rita Redaelli
- CREA—Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via Stezzano 24, 24126 Bergamo, Italy; (R.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Violeta Andjelkovic
- Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.A.); (N.K.)
| | - Pedro Revilla
- Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Pazo de Salcedo Carballeira, 8 Salcedo, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain; (R.A.M.)
| | - Cyril Bauland
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Brigitte Gouesnard
- UMR AGAP Institut, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, University Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France (M.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ana Butron
- Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Pazo de Salcedo Carballeira, 8 Salcedo, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain; (R.A.M.)
| | - Alessio Torri
- CREA—Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via Stezzano 24, 24126 Bergamo, Italy; (R.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Ana Maria Barata
- Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal, Quinta de S. José, S.Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Natalija Kravic
- Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.A.); (N.K.)
| | - Valérie Combes
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Pedro Mendes-Moreira
- Coimbra School of Agriculture, Polytechnic University of Coimbra (ESAC-IPC), 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.-M.); (A.P.)
- CERNAS—Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Danela Murariu
- Suceava Genebank, B-Dul. 1 Mai 17, 720224 Suceava, Romania; (D.M.); (D.D.P.)
| | - Hrvoje Šarčević
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Morgane Vincent
- UMR AGAP Institut, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, University Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France (M.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anne Zanetto
- UMR AGAP Institut, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, University Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France (M.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Bettina Kessel
- KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, Grimsehlstr. 31, 37574 Einbeck, Germany;
| | - Delphine Madur
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Tristan Mary-Huard
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
- INRAE, UMR MIA Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, 91120 Paris, France
| | - André Pereira
- Coimbra School of Agriculture, Polytechnic University of Coimbra (ESAC-IPC), 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.-M.); (A.P.)
- CERNAS—Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Alexandre Strigens
- DSP—Delley Semences et Plantes SA, Route de Portalban 40, 1567 Delley, Switzerland;
| | - Alain Charcosset
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE—Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, 12 route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.G.); (S.D.N.); (C.B.); (V.C.); (D.M.); (T.M.-H.); (A.C.)
| | - Sandra Goritschnig
- ECPGR, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Via di San Domenico 1, 00153 Rome, Italy
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Mubarak ANM, Mufeeth Mohammathu MM, Kumara ADNT. Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions? PeerJ 2023; 11:e15233. [PMID: 37131994 PMCID: PMC10149054 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F1 cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security.
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Ares A, Costa J, Joaquim C, Pintado D, Santos D, Messmer MM, Mendes-Moreira PM. Effect of Low-Input Organic and Conventional Farming Systems on Maize Rhizosphere in Two Portuguese Open-Pollinated Varieties (OPV), "Pigarro" (Improved Landrace) and "SinPre" (a Composite Cross Population). Front Microbiol 2021; 12:636009. [PMID: 33717028 PMCID: PMC7953162 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops worldwide and is the number one arable crop in Portugal. A transition from the conventional farming system to organic agriculture requires optimization of cultivars and management, the interaction of plant-soil rhizosphere microbiota being pivotal. The objectives of this study were to unravel the effect of population genotype and farming system on microbial communities in the rhizosphere of maize. Rhizosphere soil samples of two open-pollinated maize populations ("SinPre" and "Pigarro") cultivated under conventional and organic farming systems were taken during flowering and analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phenological data were collected from the replicated field trial. A total of 266 fungi and 317 bacteria genera were identified in "SinPre" and "Pigarro" populations, of which 186 (69.9%) and 277 (87.4%) were shared among them. The microbiota of "Pigarro" showed a significant higher (P < 0.05) average abundance than the microbiota of "SinPre." The farming system had a statistically significant impact (P < 0.05) on the soil rhizosphere microbiota, and several fungal and bacterial taxa were found to be farming system-specific. The rhizosphere microbiota diversity in the organic farming system was higher than that in the conventional system for both varieties. The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizae (Glomeromycota) was mainly detected in the microbiota of the "SinPre" population under the organic farming systems and very rare under conventional systems. A detailed metagenome function prediction was performed. At the fungal level, pathotroph-saprotroph and pathotroph-symbiotroph lifestyles were modified by the farming system. For bacterial microbiota, the main functions altered by the farming system were membrane transport, transcription, translation, cell motility, and signal transduction. This study allowed identifying groups of microorganisms known for their role as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and with the capacity to improve crop tolerance for stress conditions, allowing to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (phyla Glomeromycota) were among the most important functional groups in the fungal microbiota and Achromobacter, Burkholderia, Erwinia, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas in the bacterial microbiota. In this perspective, the potential role of these microorganisms will be explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitana Ares
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory for Phytopathology, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory for Phytopathology, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Joaquim
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Duarte Pintado
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Santos
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Monika M Messmer
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
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Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12030784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agroecology calls for a global approach, integrating scientific, practical, and advocacy dimensions, to redesign agricultural systems based on ecological and socio-cultural processes and emphasizing biodiversity. This review is grounded on the results of DIVERSIFOOD, a European H2020 multi-actor research project, and explores the concept of cultivated diversity using various dimensions relevant to foster sustainable organic food systems and agro-ecological transition. From the evaluation of underutilized genetic resources and forgotten crops, DIVERSIFOOD has proposed plant breeding strategies, on-farm experimentation, and statistical tools to create new populations, landraces, and organic cultivars with intra-varietal diversity. The added value of Community Seed Banks and forms of collective seed management in Europe have been described in terms of goals and activities, and their value for improving seed regulations, treaties, and genetic resources management is discussed. In the context of the current agro-food system characterized by standardization, DIVERSIFOOD raised awareness of qualities of ‘biodiverse food systems’ in which all actors have a role to play. It highlighted the critical capacity to preserve a diversity of cultural values embodied in ‘biodiverse products’, thereby involving consumers in collective strategies for reviving diversity, and empowering all actors of organic food systems to really and efficiently implement research within their farms and networks.
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