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Kim HI, Kim DS, Jung Y, Sung NY, Kim M, Han IJ, Nho EY, Hong JH, Lee JK, Boo M, Kim HL, Baik S, Jung KO, Lee S, Kim CS, Park J. Immune-Enhancing Effect of Sargassum horneri on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in BALB/c Mice and Primary Cultured Splenocytes. Molecules 2022; 27:8253. [PMID: 36500343 PMCID: PMC9738764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri (SH) is a seaweed that has several features that benefit health. In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing effect of SH, focusing on the role of spleen-mediated immune functions. Chromatographic analysis of SH identified six types of monosaccharide contents, including mannose, rhamnose glucose, galactose xylose and fucose. SH increased cell proliferation of primary cultured naïve splenocytes treated with or without cyclophosphamide (CPA), an immunosuppression agent. SH also reversed the CPA-induced decrease in Th1 cytokines. In vivo investigation revealed that SH administration can increase the tissue weight of major immune organs, such as the spleen and thymus. A similar effect was observed in CPA-injected immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. SH treatment increased the weight of the spleen and thymus, blood immune cell count and Th1 cytokine expression. Additionally, the YAC-1-targeting activities of natural killer cells, which are important in innate immunity, were upregulated upon SH treatment. Overall, our study demonstrates the immune-enhancing effect of SH, suggesting its potential as a medicinal or therapeutic agent for pathologic conditions involving immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo In Kim
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dong-Sub Kim
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunu Jung
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Yun Sung
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Kim
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Han
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Nho
- Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ho Hong
- Nano Bio Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jangsung 57248, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Lee
- Department of Food Regulatory Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Boo
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Lin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyul Baik
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Oh Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Han S, Park JS, Umanzor S, Yarish C, Kim JK. Effects of extraction methods for a new source of biostimulant from Sargassum horneri on the growth of economically important red algae, Neopyropia yezoensis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11878. [PMID: 35831413 PMCID: PMC9279319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri is a major bloom forming species in Korea and China. It is important to find a way to utilize the huge biomass of Sargassum horneri in the region. Seaweed-derived biostimulants are primarily derived from brown algae and are known to improve terrestrial crop growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Neopyropia yezoensis is the most important seaweed cultured species in Korea, and research is required to increase heat resistance as a solution against climate change. In this study, various extraction methods were used to obtain Sargassum horneri extract, and it was applied to Neopyropia yezoensis to evaluate the effect on physiological activity. Metabolites of Sargassum horneri were extracted by using four different methods: boiling (SBE), soaking (SSE), autoclaving (SAE) and ethanol (SEE). The SBE, SSE and SAE derived extracts showed increased tolerance to high-temperature stress that had inhibited the growth of Neopyropia yezoensis, and show improved growth compared to the control group. The SBE and SSE extraction methods improved the content of phycobiliprotein, but also the SBE increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Based on the results of this study, the boiling extraction method appears to be the most suitable method for the extraction of plants stimulants from Sargassum horneri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Han
- Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Park
- Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea
| | - Schery Umanzor
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK, 99801, USA
| | - Charles Yarish
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Stamford, CT, 06901-2315, USA
| | - Jang K Kim
- Department of Marine Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea.
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea.
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Martínez-Cano B, Mendoza-Meneses CJ, García-Trejo JF, Macías-Bobadilla G, Aguirre-Becerra H, Soto-Zarazúa GM, Feregrino-Pérez AA. Review and Perspectives of the Use of Alginate as a Polymer Matrix for Microorganisms Applied in Agro-Industry. Molecules 2022; 27:4248. [PMID: 35807492 PMCID: PMC9268634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a polysaccharide with the property of forming hydrogels, which is economic production, zero toxicity, and biocompatibility. In the agro-industry, alginate is used as a super absorbent polymer, coating seeds, fruits, and vegetables and as a carrier of bacteria and fungi as plant-growth promoters and biocontrol. The latter has a high impact on agriculture since the implementation of microorganisms in a polymer matrix improves soil quality; plant nutrition, and is functional as a preventive measure for the appearance of phytopathogenic. Additionally, it minimizes losses of foods due to wrong post-harvest handling. In this review, we provide an overview of physicochemical properties of alginate, some methods for preparation and modification of capsules and coatings, to finally describe its application in agro-industry as a matrix of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms, its effectiveness in cultivation and post-harvest, and its effect on the environment, as well as the prospects for future agro-industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsie Martínez-Cano
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Cristian Josué Mendoza-Meneses
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Juan Fernando García-Trejo
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Gonzalo Macías-Bobadilla
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas, El Marques 76010, Mexico;
| | - Humberto Aguirre-Becerra
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Genaro Martín Soto-Zarazúa
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Ana Angélica Feregrino-Pérez
- Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Amazcala, El Marques 76265, Mexico; (B.M.-C.); (C.J.M.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.); (H.A.-B.)
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Fernando IPS, Kirindage KGIS, Jeon HN, Han EJ, Jayasinghe AMK, Ahn G. Preparation of microspheres by alginate purified from Sargassum horneri and study of pH-responsive behavior and drug release. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:681-690. [PMID: 35122802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer used in numerous biomedical applications. The current work describes the purification of alginate from Sargassum horneri and method optimization for formulating drug-loaded microparticles by water-in-oil emulsification/internal gelation. Molecular weights of S. horneri alginate were ranging 50-70 kDa. Among 16 method optimizations, the F4 method was selected for further studies based on shape descriptor parameters which indicated, 0.24 ± 0.01 circularity, 0.80 ± 0.11 roundness, 1.27 ± 0.20 aspect ratio between long and short axis, and less aggregation in PBS. Processing parameters of the F4 method were; CaCO3/alginate ratio of 20/1 (w/w), 5% span 80 in oil (v/v), water/oil phase ratio of 1/20 (v/v), and 1000 rpm emulsification speed. Hollow pores were visible on the surface of dehydrated F4 microparticles. F4 microparticles indicated 41.84 ± 2.93 and 45.86 ± 1.65% encapsulation efficiencies for phloroglucinol (F4P) and indomethacin (F4I) with 32.69 ± 1.35 and 31.69 ± 1.98% loading capacities. These microparticles were found to be desirable for extending drug release over short periods (0-3 days) under pH 2.0-7.4. F4P and F4I were effective in suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species in FD exposed HaCaT cells while increasing cell viability over 24 - 48 h duration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyeong Nam Jeon
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Han
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea.
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