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Szot I, Łysiak GP, Sosnowska B, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J. Health-Promoting Properties of Anthocyanins from Cornelian Cherry ( Cornus mas L.) Fruits. Molecules 2024; 29:449. [PMID: 38257363 PMCID: PMC10818799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The cornelian cherry is a plant that annually provides fruits, drupe-type, ranging in color from yellow through pink, red, carmine, and almost black. Cornelian cherry bears abundant fruit in temperate climate conditions, which means that its dark-colored fruits can be treated as an excellent source of anthocyanins. After consuming, anthocyanins have a protective function in the human body. Raw fruit extracts and their pure isolates, rich in anthocyanins, have a wide spectrum of health-promoting properties. This review focuses on the health-promoting properties of anthocyanins from fruits of cornelian cherry, documented in research conducted in vitro, in vivo, and in humans. The results obtained so far confirm the beneficial effects of anthocyanins on the blood parameters, whose values are important in predicting and assessing the risk and progression of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. A beneficial effect on molecular and histopathological changes in target organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and liver has also been demonstrated. Anthocyanins from cornelian cherry have a strong antioxidant effect, which explains their protective effects on organs and anticancer effects. Moreover, they have antiglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The work highlights the perspectives and directions of necessary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Szot
- Subdepartment of Pomology, Nursery and Enology, Institute of Horticulture Production, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz P. Łysiak
- Department of Ornamental Plants, Dendrology and Pomology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Bożena Sosnowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Karapatzak E, Krigas N, Ganopoulos I, Papanastasi K, Kyrkas D, Yfanti P, Nikisianis N, Karydas A, Manthos I, Kosma IS, Badeka AV, Fotakis D, Maloupa E, Patakioutas G. Documenting Greek Indigenous Germplasm of Cornelian Cherry ( Cornus mas L.) for Sustainable Utilization: Molecular Authentication, Asexual Propagation, and Phytochemical Evaluation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11101345. [PMID: 35631772 PMCID: PMC9146187 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wild-growing Cornelian cherries (Cornus mas L., Cornaceae) are well-known native fruits in Greece since ancient times that are still consumed locally nowadays. Modern research has highlighted the value of Cornelian cherries as functional food with exceptional health benefits on account of the fruits’ biochemical profile. However, apart from local consumption directly from wild growing individuals, Greek native C. mas populations have not yet been investigated or sustainably utilized. A multifaceted evaluation was conducted herein including authorized collection-documentation, taxonomic identification, and molecular authentication (DNA barcoding), asexual propagation via cuttings and phytochemical evaluation (multiple antioxidant profiling) of neglected and underutilized Greek native C. mas germplasm sources. Successive botanical expeditions resulted in the collection of 18 samples of genotypes from distant C. mas populations across different natural habitats in Greece, most of which were DNA fingerprinted for the first time. Asexual propagation trials revealed high variability in rooting frequencies among Greek genotypes with low (<25%), average (25−50%), and adequate propagation potential (>50%) using external indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) hormone application on soft- or hard-wood cuttings. The comparative phytochemical evaluation of the studied Greek genotypes showed significant potential in terms of antioxidant activity (>80% radical scavenging activity in 13 genotypes), but with variable phenolic content (47.58−355.46 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoid content (0.15−0.86 mg CE/100 g), and vitamin C content (1−59 mg AAE/100 g). The collected material is currently maintained under ex situ conservation for long-term monitoring coupled with ongoing pilot cultivation trials. The pivotal data create for the first time a framework for the sustainable utilization of Greek native C. mas germplasm as a superfood with significant agronomic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Karapatzak
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (G.P.); Tel.: +30-2310-471110 (N.K.); +30-2681-050224 (G.P.)
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Katerina Papanastasi
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Dimitris Kyrkas
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (D.K.); (P.Y.)
| | - Paraskevi Yfanti
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (D.K.); (P.Y.)
| | | | - Antonis Karydas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Ioannis Manthos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Ioanna S. Kosma
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (I.S.K.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Anastasia V. Badeka
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (I.S.K.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Dimitrios Fotakis
- Forest Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57006 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eleni Maloupa
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (I.G.); (K.P.); (A.K.); (I.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Giorgos Patakioutas
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (D.K.); (P.Y.)
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (G.P.); Tel.: +30-2310-471110 (N.K.); +30-2681-050224 (G.P.)
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Morphological and Biochemical Properties in Fruits of Naturally Grown Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes in Northwest Bosnia and Herzegovina. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is considered to be one of those medicinal plants with important nutritional and therapeutic properties. The plant shows resistance against abiotic and biotic stressors in natural growing conditions and could be suitable to use in sustainable fruit production. This study was carried out on 22 local cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes, which were grown northwest of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Fruits of these 22 genotypes were harvested and analyzed during the ripening period in 2018/2019. Fruit weight, length, and width ranged from 1.38 to 3.01 g, 13.84 to 19.43 mm, and 10.92 to 14.79 mm, respectively. Dry matter content was determined to be the lowest at 11.67% and the highest at 21.89%. The genotypes had vitamin C content between 25.85 and 58.75 mg/100 g. Total phenolic and anthocyanin content were found to be quite variable among genotypes and ranged from 1240 to 6958 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per 100 g fresh weight (FW) and 55.57 to 205.6 mg cyaniding-3-glucoside equivalents (CGE) per 100 g FW, respectively. The content of phosphorus and iron were between 155.52 to 263.06 mg per 100 g and 0.25 to 0.93 mg per 100 g, respectively. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the first and second components accounted for 44.05% and 60.50% of the total variance, and the major proportion of the first and second components were the morphometric properties and chemical traits of the cornelian cherry fruits. The results revealed that the characterized genotypes could be important for cornelian cherry breeders as ready crossing materials to obtain new cornelian cherry varieties and shows the potential of certain genotypes as a valuable source of natural antioxidants. The results may have served as a guide towards the development of sustainable production programs for cornelian cherries as well.
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Sustainable Fruit Growing: From Orchard to Table-Editorial Commentary. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fruit production has faced many challenges in recent years as society seeks to increase fruit consumption while increasing safety and reducing the harmful effects of intensive farming practices (e [...]
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