Revolutionary Strategies Analysis and Proposed System for Future Infrastructure in Internet of Things

Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence Based Decentralized Access Control Model to Enable Secure Interoperability for Healthcare

Healthcare, one of the most important industries, is data-oriented, but most of the research in this industry focuses on incorporating the internet of things (IoT) or connecting medical equipment. Very few researchers are looking at the data generated in the healthcare industry. Data are very important tools in this competitive world, as they can be integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) to promote sustainability. Healthcare data include the health records of patients, drug-related data, clinical trials data, data from various medical equipment, etc. Most of the data management processes are manual, time-consuming, and error-prone. Even then, different healthcare industries do not trust each other to share and collaborate on data. Distributed ledger technology is being used for innovations in different sectors including healthcare. This technology can be incorporated to maintain and exchange data between different healthcare organizations, such as hospitals, insurance companies, laboratories, pharmacies, etc. Various attributes of this technology, such as its immutability, transparency, provenance etc., can bring trust and security to the domain of the healthcare sector. In this paper, a decentralized access control model is proposed to enable the secure interoperability of different healthcare organizations. This model uses the Ethereum blockchain for its implementation. This model interfaces patients, doctors, chemists, and insurance companies, empowering the consistent and secure exchange of data. The major concerns are maintaining a history of the transactions and avoiding unauthorized updates in health records. Any transaction that changes the state of the data is reflected in the distributed ledger and can be easily traced with this model. Only authorized entities can access their respective data. Even the administrator will not be able to modify any medical records.

The Rise of Blockchain Internet of Things (BIoT): Secured, Device-to-Device Architecture and Simulation Scenarios

Most Internet of Things (IoT) resources are exposed to security risks due to their essential functionality. IoT devices, such as smartphones and tablets, have a limited network, computation, and storage capacity, making them more vulnerable to attacks. In addition, the huge volume of data generated by IoT devices remains an open challenge for existing platforms to process, analyze, and discover underlying trends to create a convenient environment. As a result, to deliver acceptable services, a new solution is necessary to secure data accountability, increase data privacy and accessibility, and extract hidden patterns and usable knowledge. Moving the Internet of Things to a distributed ledger system might be the most effective way to solve these issues. One of the most well-known and extensively utilized distributed ledger systems is the blockchain. Due to its unique properties, such as privacy, accountability, immutability, and anonymity, blockchain technology has recently attracted a lot of interest. Using IoT in conjunction with blockchain technology can bring several benefits. This paper reviews the current state of the art different BIoT architectures, with a focus on current technologies, applications, challenges, and opportunities. The test findings prove that the decentralized authentication platform-based blockchain-based IoT (BIoT) device-to-device architecture has a significantly higher throughput than the gateway-based architecture. To encrypt the elliptical curve cryptographic (ECC) and to generate keys, the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT)-based scheme is proposed and compared with the secure hash algorithm (SHA-256). Finally, ECC-CRT is used to access system performance in terms of latency, throughput, and resource consumption, simulated through the Contiki Cooja (CC) simulator, and alter orderer and peer nodes for performance study in BIoT. A comprehensive analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme is secure against a variety of known attacks, including the man-in-the-middle (MiM) attack, and outperforms the SHA-256 cryptographic algorithm. Moreover, the significance of blockchain and IoT, as well as their analysis of proposed architecture, is discussed. This paper will help readers and researchers understand the IoT and its applicability to the real world.